S E Q U O I A W E L L I N G T O N I A .
MAMMOTH TREE of the Califomian Settlers. WA-WO-NAII (GREAT TREE) of the Aborigines.
IDENTIFICATION.—W ELLIN GTONIA GIGANTEA, Lindley, in Gardeners' Chronicle, No. 52, pp. 820 and 823 (Dec. 1853), and scattered
notices in succeeding years; Hooker, Bot. Mag., Uxx., or Third Series. Nos. 4777 and 4778 (1854) ; Ch. Lem. IUustr., p.
14 (1854) ; Bui. Soc. Bot. de France, i. p. 72 (1S54) ; Revue Horl., p. 116 (1854) ; Flor. Cab., p. 121 (1854) ; Van Houtte.
in Flore des Serres, ix. pp. 93 and 903 (1853-4): Carrière, Trait/ Gin. des Conif., p. 166 (1855); Gordon, Pinetum, p.
333 (>858) ; and Supplement, p. 106 (1862) ; Murray, in Edin. New Phil, fount. (New Series), xi. p. 205 (April I860).
SEQUOIA WELLINGTON I A, Bonplaudia, ii. p. 23S (1854); iii. p. 27 in adnot. (1855); vi. p. 343 ('858); Seeman, in
Annals Mag. Nat. Hist., Third Series, p. 161 (March 1859).
WASHINGTONIA CALIFORNICA, Winslow, in California Farmer for 18541 Hooker, J mini. Bot. and Kew Miscel,
vii. p. 29 (.855).
TAXODIUM WASHINGTONIANUM. Winslow, in California Farmer (loc. eil.) ; Hooker, fount. Bot., (toe. at.)
SEQUOIA GIGANTEA, Torrey, in Sill. Jour., Second Series, 18, p. 150 (185+); 20, p. 281 (1855); Decaisnc. in Bui. Sot.
Bot. de France, i. No. 2, p. 72 (1S54); Torrey, in Report on Botany of Whipple's Expedition, in U. S. Pacific Railroad
Explor., iv. p. 140 (1857); Bigelow's Description of Forest Trees, in Whipple's Expedition, in U. S. Pacific Railroad
Explor. iv. p. 22 (1857); Blake, in Proc. Calif. Acad. Nat. Soc., vol. ii. p. 201 (1863).
ENGRAVINGS.—Tree, &c.—Veitch, Lithographic Plate, large folio, 1854; Hooker, Bot. Mag. (loc. cit.)-, Ch. Lem. IUustr. (loc. cil.)-, Flor. Cab.
(loc. cil.) ; Flore des Serres, pl. 893 (loc. cit.) ; Murray, in Edin. New Phil. Journ. (loc. cit.)
Specific Cliaraclers.—S. vasta tri vel quadri-centipcdalia; foliis altcrnis triangulatis coriaceis ere&is
imbricatis spiraliter positis; floribus masculis subglobosis pcdunculatis; strobilis oblongo-ovatis ligneis,
squamis cuneatis truncatis per apophysin transverse sulcatis mucrone setacea in medio. Seminibus 3-7
cuique squama supra medium pendulis compressis utrinque alatis.
Habitat in California in montibus Sierra Nevada, prope origines fluminum Stanislaus ex San Antonio,
in lat. 36° ad 38° N., long. 129° 10' W. Altitudine ped. 5000.
A tree reaching from 200 to 400 feet in height, and 30 feet in diameter ; wood extremely light and
fragile; bark, externally of a pale cinnamon brown colour, internally
darker in colour, very thick (in mature trees 15 inches or
more), tough, stringy, corrugated, with the interstices filled with a
spongy and clastic padding. Branchlets, with the leaves sometimes
slightly distichously pinnated, more usually with them quadrangular,
especially in young plants, only loosely adpressed [fig. 1 ]; in the older form they are closely imbricated,
and hence the twig looks thinner. Leaves applied to the branch, thick, roundish on the outer side, scarcely
concave on the inner side ; those on the stem of the branchlets elongate [figs. 2 and 3] ; on the twigs much
shorter [fig. 4], small, pale green when young, dark green when older, arranged on an elongate spiral,
imbricated, oblong-subulate, apiculate, or mucronate ; semiamplexicaul at the base, keeled at the back, flat
within, but with a slightly elevated central ridge: those of the older branches smaller, shorter, more com-
[' 20 ] A pa&,