le g e n d s . O n e se t a re p la in ly G re c ia n , a n d h a v e G re e k
le g e n d s , a n d th e y co n ta in th e -n am e s o f th e k n ow n G re e k
k in g s o f B a c tria as w e ll as o th e rs u n re c o rd e d in History, as-
A n tim a c h u s, Hj#m@tuSi A g ath o ele s^ a n d P a n ta le o n ; ..The
fo in« o f th e tw o la st-n am e d p rin c e s h a v e , /b esid es G re e k
le g e n d s , o th e rs w h ic h .h a v e b e e n id e n tif ie d .w ith th e ch a-
ra c te rs a n d in s c rip tio n s o n th e sides o f caveS a n d o n m o n u m
e n ta l p illa rs in v a rio u s p a rts o f In d ia , w h ich M r. P rin s e p
h a s d e c y p h e re d .' T h ese a re p ro p e rly co n sid e red as a n c ie n t
In d ia n le tte r s . A g r e a t n u p ib e r h a v e 'le g e n d s in a b h rb a fic
c h a ra c te r o f a p a rtic u la r k in d , w h ic h M . L assèn te rm s
K a b u lia n . I t is th e same th a t is seen o n tom b s a n d Other
m o n um e n ts sp re a d th ro u g h K a b u l, an d n e a r th é ; a n c ie n t city
o f B am iy a n . I t is re a d from r ig h t to ile f t u n lik e th e Jalph:a-
b e ts o f In d ia , a n d h a s b e en su p p o sed • to -b e P e h lv i o r o f
S em itic o rig in .
T h e m o s t in te re s tin g fa c t co n n e c ted w ith the- B a c tria n
coins is, th a t th e series d e d ic a te d to G re c ia n - k in g s a re
su c c e ed ed b y a n o th e r w h ich b e a r b a rb a ric n am e s a n d - th e
sym b o ls o f a b a rb a ric su p e rstitio n .* T h a t these" ib’s t a re
su b s e q u e n t i n tim e to th e fo rm e r class h a s b een p ro v e d or.
sh ew n to b e h ig h ly p ro b ab le b y a -variety of- c ircum stances^
a n d th e sam e c o n sid e ra tio n s h av e " co n v in c e d a l l Ikd&e w h o
h a v e d ev o ted th e ir a tte n tio n to th e subject," th a t th e la tte r
se rie s b e lo n g to a d y n a sty o f k in g s ' re ig n in g o v e r th o s e
S cy th ian o r In d o -S c y th ia n trib e s who co n q u e re d th e G re e k s
o f B a c tria .
^ T h â t 'th e r e , was a k in g d om o f Sacæ o r S cy th ian s o n th e
b o rd e rs o f th e In d u s b e tw e e n th e fa ll o f th e B a c tria n sta te
a n d 'thè^ C h ris tia n e ra we le a rn from a c o n c u rre n c e o f te s tim
o n ies, G re e k a n d R om a n , In d ia n an d C h in ese. I sh a ll
b riefly a d v e rt to th e ev id en c e com in g u n d e r e a c h o f th e se
sev e ra l h e a d s.
* One coin, remarkable for the mixture of Greek and Barbaric characters,
iiescritied by Colonel Tod (Tr. of Roy. Soc. of Litt«), contains a figure apparently
of one of the Indo-Scythian kings, in a barbaric dress, spreading incense
upon an altar. .On the reverse is the Indian Siva with his bull Nandi. I t
has a legend in Greek and another in supposed Pehlvi characters. The former
is E5w/3piyi£ |8aoCktvs /3affiktwp.
1 .—G r e e k «Accounts.— D io n y siu s the^ g e o g ra p h e r m e n tio
n s ;®cythian s o h th e Indus?'.".;
’jbSSv irap irora/xov voriot SicCOcu ivvalovaiv.*
E u s ta th iu s rem a rk s , th a t th e s e '. w e re th e p e o p le always
c alled In d o -S cy th ae.^ i,
T h e a u th o r o f th e P eb ip lu s o f th e E ry th ra e a n , an d P to lem y ,
g iv e (a ,.fu rth e ria h e o u n t. Acco rd irig ^to i P to lem y th e In d o -
Scythae .p o sse ssed 'tow a rd s th ^ s o u th - e a s t, -Sy rastren e, p ro bably;
iS u ra sh tra in c lu d in g the*; p e n in s u la o f G u z e ra t a n d
P a tta le n em r |h e D e lta . H e m e n tio n s a n um b e r o f p lace s o n
||p t h sides;i_6fi th e In d h lSlY h ieh b e lo n g e d to th em . O n th e
w e ste rn side was A rto a rta i, su p posed, b y Lassen , to h a v e b een
|k e a r P e sh aw h r in K a b u l. W e le a rn :from P to lem y , th a t th e
P a n ja b was w ith in th e ir em p ire , for. th e ir c o u n try re a c h e d to
th e V in d h y a M o u n ta in s, a n d M a tu ra is e x p re ssly assig n ed to
th e Kasp iraci.J It&seems from th i lm h a t th e ,c o u n trie s from
K a b u l t6 th e m o u th /o f th e In d u s w e re ladder a d y n a sty su p -
.posedsto he o f S cy th ian o rig in .
•-2k I n tfeHf In d ia n re c o rd s th e r e a re tra c e s o f a T a r ta r
d y n a sty r u lin g .in lh e north-we^teM>par-tk o f H in d u s ta n , a s ,
n e a rly as th e d a te s e a n « # # a sc e rta in e d , a b o u t th is period-.' ,
T h e P u ra n a s m a k e m e n tio n ofi*a d y n a sty o f Y av an as o r
i^ rreeksidn th e ; u p p e r p ro v in c e s sahd o f a su c c e ed in g lin e o f
k in g s , te rm e d T u ru sh k a s o r T u rk s , w h o s e re ig n h a d a m u c h
lo n g e r d u ra tio n . T u ru s h k a is, a c c o rd in g to P ro fe sso r Wil-,
son, th e S a n s k r it n am e for T u ra n oir;'T d rk is f a n , a n d th e
T u ru sh k a s a ^T u rk ish o r T a r ta r n a tio n . In th e R a jh T a -
rin g in i o r h is to ry o f K a shm ir a lre a d y re fe rre d to , th r e e
T a r ta r d y n a stie s a re m e n tio n e d as e stab lish ed in K a shm ir
who g av e th e ir n am e s to th r e e c itie s in th a t v alley : th e y
oc'cur in th e lis t ofiSDvereigns a few re ig n s la te r th a n A sp k a ,
a n d th u s th e ir d a te seems fixed in . coincidence w ith th a t o f
* Dlonysii Orbis descriptio, v. 1088.
t Professor Lassen observes, that if the date usually assigned to the poem of
Dionysius is correct, this would-be the earliest notice of the Indo-Scythlans,
but the age of the writer is uncertain.
t Meypi Oi)ivdiovf}'f!)px>vc and MoSovpa t) twv Geaw.-r-See Ptolemy, Tab. 7,
s. 1.—Lassen,'Abi sdp., p. 269. Professor Lassen has published a work of great
research expressly on the history of the Pentapotamia Indica or"the Paujab.