eight hundred thousand sOuls. Kandahar and Herat, two
great eitjes, the latter of which contains one hundred thousand
inhabitant!^ are in their territory. Kandahar is!:in-
habited by Affghans, who elsewhere^ seldom live in towns.
The Dooraunees are stout men withr-good complexions
and fine beards; they display great variety of features
Some have round, plump faces. Most have raised features
and. high chéêk-bones.;
To the southward of the Dooraunees are the tribes termed
by Elpliinstone, Tereens, and thosenamed Caukers.
5,^-Of the Ghilji.
—The 'country o f G h i l j i is to the eastward of‘ the
Dfiranl, comprehending the highercoursé of the Tamale,
and reaching north-westward to the Paropamisau mountains^
and eastward to the mountains of Stdimhn, and
towards Jellalabad to the frontièr’of^hë üerdfirfin^^
The Gbiljf dbtthfty includes of Kabhfand? the
poor remains.of the once splendid capital of Mahm-ud^'the
first Mohammedan invader of India and founder of the
Ghaznevide dynasty,. The Ghilji were long.the most'fa-
mous warriors of-the whole Affghan M'Cé. Thexlimate df
their country is in general colder than that of 'England in
the winter, and in summer not much hotter.
They are confessedly the second tribe in Afghanistan,
and though more turbulent and less civilised than the J)fi-
rani, are a brave and hospitable people; “ In their persons
they are probably the largest, handsomest, and fairest of the
Affghhns.”
To the southward are the Caukers. The Naussers are a
people without fixed habitation or lands of their own..
I have been more particular in abstracting this account of
the Affghfins, and especially of their physical characters, as
they furnish one example of a race of people spread through
countries of different climate and elevation of surface and
temperature, who, like other nations similarly situated,
differ widely in physical characters. The Affghhns, as we
have seen, display all the gradatións of colour, from the black
complexion of,the Hindd to the xanthous colour of other
Indo-European nations. It is plain, from what is known of
their history, that this variety cannot be accounted for on the
p r in c ip le often, ^ p $ !e d ,ta hypothetically for its explanation
: I mean the supposition of mixture in race. It is a
?ph§rP°menon exactly parallel to that which we shall presently
^observe in^|ge"5||tpry of the Hindoos, settled in the high
places of the Himalayan harder, near, the sources of the
sacred* ,|t||iams_, who^Agugh .descgnjded .from the natives,
of Hindustan, have, fair '.complexions and blue eyes. It
seeniSfifrom Mr. Elphinstone^statem,ent, which is a simple
^testimony Op^observed, .fects* without the least theoretical
.bia|j that |^ t^ b e s who liye&on the table-land in the West of
Affghhnistaiy are fair, have European countenances,, and
xapthous comple^ipn^ whilp0 people of thp same race near
the Indus ate blacker nearly so, there being a preponderant
' number of dark complexions in the East, and of fair in the
Wesf.: The mountaineers are; forever, fair in all parts, while
the Kafirs, or Siah-Posh,, wKo^ live.among the. high mountains
above the Affghhns, are, as we shall observe hereafter,
completely xanthous.