C o n f u c iu s ,
WHERE BORN.
X a n t s u i .
F in e P a g o d a .
J ax H jn n o .
river, in the neighborhood of IVhay-ngan, notwithftanding its
low latitude, 33° 32', its great breadth, in that part o f more than
an Englifh half mile, and its violent rapidity, is at times entirely
frozen.
T h e route to Peking is continued through two other provinces,
Shan-tung and Pe-tche-lee. The rich, populous, and commercial
city Tong-cbang is in Lat. 36° 32'. This city has alfo its porcelain
tower, being even externally made with that material, and with
little bells pendant at each angle o f its eight towers, which moved
by the wind yield a pretty modulation.
Kyo-Few Hyen is a city renowned for having been the birth
place of the great Confucius, fo juftly celebrated throughout the
empire o f China.
M r . Nieuhoff mentions feveral other places in this province,
fuch as Xantfui, with the S’eywanmiao, its remarkable pagoda, not
diftinguilhed for its grandeur/but for the great beauty o f the
workmanihip. It is rather low', and fquare, o f a vaft iize, and
inclofed within a moft exteniive wall made o f ftone, and the
upper part of red and green tiles. The temple itfelf is o f {tones,
mixed with yellow tiles (the imperial color) fo refplendent as to
appear like gold when fhone upon by the fun; it is befides richly
decorated with dragons and various Cbinefe Chimera ; the infide
filled with monftrous idols. On the back part is a garden, delightful
as that o f paradife, enriched with variety o f fruits and
flowers.
Jax Hinno is a town diftinguilhed by the multitude o f fquare
towers which rife in all parts, like our tower fteeples; whether
they are for defence or belonging to pagodas does not appear.
Lintjin-
Untjin-choo is a city in Lat. 36* 57', diftinguilhed by the multitude
o f veifels continually there in their paffage to the capital,
or different parts o f the empire, as the great river Eu-teo unites
here with the imperial canal. There is alio a cuftom-houfe
which brings in a vaft revenue. Without the walls is a very
fplendid pagoda o f nine ftories; the outfide is o f the very fine
earth with which porcelain is made, and richly painted.
Te-tchoo, the laft city in the province of Shantung, is feated on
the river, in Lat. 37’ 32'. From hence we immediately enter into
the province of Pe-tche-lee, the moft northern in China. The
navigation is continued to Fong-choo-foo, within a fmall diftance
o f Peking, the latter part on the river Pei-ho, which flows from
the northern capital o f China into the gulph o f Pe-tche-lee.
O n the mountains near Sinkojien grow the eagle-wood trees
and the Calamba; both form great articles of commerce, and are
fold even in China at a large price, but at ftill greater in Hin-
doqftan, where fo much is confumed by the Gentoos for burning
their dead. Near this city is a moft beautiful octagonal págúda,
confifting indeed but of three ltages, but admirable for the roofs,
o f moft exquifite workmanihip.
Single and Tien-Jing-foo are the next cities. The laft is feated
Lat. 39° 10', on the conflux o f three great rivers. On an
ifland formed at that fpot is a moft lingular caftle, o f a triangular
form, truncated at the top; this is the greateft emporium in all
China, and ftrongly fortified in the manner o f the country; the
refort o f jonks,.and all forts o f Ihipping, are incredible, it being
a port free from tribute. The city is not large, but the fuburbs
fo exteniive as to make it poe of the moft populous in the em-
V o l . I-II. U . pire,
LINTSIN-CHO9.
T E-TCHOO.
E a g l e W ood #
S in g l e a n d
T i e n - s in g - foo.