8. T he B ighorn—Ovis c a n a d en s is
Ovis canadensis, Shaw, Naturalist's Miscellany, vol. - xv. p. 61 o (about
18 0 4 );1 Biddulph, Proc. Zoo/. Soc. 1885, p. 684; Ward, Records o f Big
Game, p. 246IJ1896).
Ovis Montana, Cuvier, Règne Animal', vol. i. p. 267 (18 17 ), nec Ord,
18 1 5 ; Desmarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii. p. 487 (1822) ; Richardson, Fauna
Bor.-Amer. p. 271 (1829) ; Blyth, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1840, p. 77 ; Gray, List
F ig. 40.—Head of Rocky Mountain Bighorn. (Rowland Ward, Records o f Big Game.)
Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 169 (1843) > Baird, N . Amer. Mamm. p. 674 (1857);
Blasius, Saugeth. Deutschlandsr p. 470 (1857) ; Guillemard, Proc. Zool.. Soc.
1885, P- 677.
Ovis cervina, Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. xxi. p. 551 (1818) ;
Alston, Biol. Centr.-Amer.—Mamm. p. 1 1 1 (1880) ; Rhoads, Amer. Natural.
vol. xxviii. p. 526 (1894) ; Matschie, SB. Ges. naturfolf Berlin, 1896,
p. 99.
7 See Biddulph, tom. tit. p. 682. On account of the absence of a date,to the volume in which it
occurs, Mr. Rhoads rejects the name canadensis in favour of cervina, but it is definitely known that the
volume in question appeared before 1813.
Ovis pygargus, H. Smith, in Griffith^-4 »*M«/ Kingdom, vol. iv. p. 318,
v- P- 359 Ci 8z7)-
Ovis californianus, Douglas, Zool. Journ. vol. iv. p. 332 (1829).
Ovis Cdlforniana, Blyth, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1840, p. .77.
O vidifA rgali) -Montana, Gray, Knows/ey Menagerie, p. 37 (1850).
Caprovis* (Argali) canadensis, Gray, Cat. XJngulata Brit. Mus. p. 176
(1852), Cat. Ruminants Brit. MuÆp. 57 (1872).
Musimon montantes', Gervais, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. ii. p. 191 (1855).
Caprovis canadensis, Gray, Hand-list Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 13 3 (1873).
Plates X V II. and X V IIA . ■
Characters. — Size comparatively large, the height at the shoulder
varying from about-3 -feet 2 inches to 3 feet 6 inches in the larger races.
Face-glands very small, and the pits in the skull for their reception correspondingly
redùced in size/ Horns of adult male markedly triangular, with
the transverse wrinkles much le's-s developed and the. longitudinal stria?
distinctly more apparent than-in any-offthe species hitherto mentioned;
the outer front angle markedly^ prominent, but theBnner çne partially
rounded off ; the curvature forming a more or less close spiral, but little
i f at all exceeding.Ene complete circle. General colour of upper-parts
varying from white or pale tawny to dark grayish-brown, frequently with
a darker streak Ipblig the middle line of the back ; a white disk of variable
■ f|ize on the buttocks, which is always divided in the middle line by a dark
streak connecting the brown of the back with the dark upper surface of the
tail ; flanks and front surfaces of the legs darker than the back ; more or
lesêjbf the under-parts, as well as a . considerable portion or the whole of
the posterior .surfaces- of the legs, together with a variable proportion
of their inner sides, white ; outer aspect of thighs always dark coloured
like the back.