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108 AN K ALS OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC G AHDEN, CALCUTTA.
ÏÏÏI
consisting of many fertile spikelota among empty aristate "bracts or sterile smaller
spikelets. SpikeUts elongate, '8 to 1 in. long, glabrous; einpty glumes "6 to '7 in., ovate at
base, long-scabrous-aristate above, glabrous, striate, -w'itli 17 to 19 nerves; Jlowcring glume
similar but more elongate and more shortly aristate, 21- to 23-nerved, and ti-ansversely
veined; palea rather longer than flowering glume, thin, ovate-lanceolate, bifid at apex, the
tips mucronate, pubescent, 2-kceled, the keels close together, 5-6-nerved and transversely
nerved on either side; rachiUa produced, short. Lodicuies linear-lanceolate or spathulate,
blunt, 3- to 5-nerved, minutely ciliate above and papilose on the sides. Stamens long
exserted, drooping ; anthers sharply apiculate or forked at the tip. Ovary narrowly
ellipsoid, produced into a thick style, divided above into 2 short aUgmas. Carynpsis
chestnut brown, similar to that of C. latifoUum, but more rounded at top ; pericarp
crustaceous.
Eastern Himalaya, in the Mils of British Bhutan about Dumsong, Laba and Songchonglu,
G,000 to 8,000 ft., also in the Daphla Hills at Shamgarli, 6,800 ft.; collectcd in
flower by G. A. Gammie in 1889 and 1892, in leaf only; in 1880 by myself, by
E. Fucbs in 1877 (?), and by Lister in the Daphla Hills in 1875.
I first met with this beautiful species when it was sent to me by the late
Jilr. E. Fuchs, Assistant Conservator of the Tista Forests, who had taken some considerable
trouble to collect bamboos there ; aud thinking it to be a CepMostachyim, not
traceable in Munro's Monograph, I gave it later on the Herbariiim name of C. Fuchsianum,
to which I now adliere. I afterwards found it myself in 1880. It is apparently quite a
local species, but it is now in cultivation, owing to the distribution of the seed collected
by Jlr. Gammie. It will probably be found to succeed in Europe, perhaps even in
the open air. The Lepchas know it by the name of Palóni. It is easily recognized
by the long fringes to the leaf sheaths, the deeply indente4 top of the cuhn-sheath, and
the bifid palea.
Pr^ATE No. ^l.—Cephalostachyum Fuchsiamm, Gamble. 1, leaf- and flower-branch ;
3, part of the spicate form of inflorescence; 3, leaf-sheath—o/ natural size-, 4, old culmsheath;
5, culm-sheath of young shoot—J'erfticc^; 6, spikelet; 7, empty glume; 8, flowering
glume; 9, palea; 10, lodicule; 11, anther; 12, ovary and style; 13, caryopsis—ew^aj-^ec?
(all from G. A. Gammies specimens).
S E C T I O N II.
' 5. Cephalostachyum peegracile, Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 141.
A deciduous, arboreous, tufted bamboo. Culms ercct, glaucous-green, somewhat
whitish-puberulous below the nodes, 30 to 40 ft. high, 2 to 3 in. in diameter; nodes
scarcely thickened; intemodes 12 to 18 in. long, walls very thin. Culm-sheaths much
shorter than intemodes, 4 to 6 in. long, G to 8 in. broad, densely covered with black,
stifE, deciduous hairs, afterwards polished chestnut brown; imperfect Made 2 in. long,
ovate, cordate, cuspidate, densely hairy within, decurrent into a wavy fringe bordering
the top of the sheath and ending on either side in a rounded am-icle ; both fringe and
auricle edged with long, stiff, curved, white bristles, which are often -5 in. long ; ligule very
narrow, entire. Leaves variable, linear-lanceolate, 0 to 14 in. long by 1 to 1-5 and even
2-5 in. broad, thin; rounded or cuneate at the base into a short -2 in. petiole; above
subulate, acuminate, with a scabrous point; scabrous on the edges and rough on both sides,
INDIAN BAMBUSEyE; GAMBLE.
g-laucescent beneath; main vein conspicuous, secondary veins 7 to 13 pairs, intermediate
usually 5, transverse veinlets few, oblique; leaf-sheath glabrous, famtly striate, ending
in a small ciliate callus and auricled at the mouth with a few long white ciliie which
are early caducous; ligule very narrow, entire. Inflorescence a large panicle with verticels
of long, drooping, filiform spikes, bearing distant broad heads of spikelets supported by
small chaffy sheathy bracts; the rachis very slender, wiry, thickened above, and 1-5
to.2 in. between the clusters. Spikeleis in braeteate clusters, -5 to -7 in. long, no
regular empty glumes, but 1 to 2 sterile flowers, then a fertile flower, then a terminal
sterile flower or 'filiform produced rachilla; flowering glume -5 to '7 in. long, ovatelanceolate,
many-nerved, densely pale-hairy, long-mucronate ; palea as long as flowering
olume 2-keeled, the keels close together, ciliate, apex deeply bifldly mucronate.
lodidles narrow, about -2 in. long, lanceolate, somewhat obtuse and ciliate at tip, 3-
to D-nerved, concave at the base and persistent. Stamens with narrow filaments; anthers
purple, obtuse. Ovary smooth, sub-globalar at the base and prolonged above into a
^.cornered style ending in 2 to 3 stout recurved sUgmas. Caryopsis obovate-oblong,
shining, -5 in. long, ending in a straight beak also about -5 in. long and somewhat
compresscd, grooved on one side. Kurs For. Fl. Burma ii. 664.
Throughout Burma, where it is common in upper mixed forests and often gregariously
foiling forests by itself. Collected in flower by Brandis in 1862 and 1880.
To this species I refer the bamboo collected by myself in 1881 at Luia in the Kolhan
forests, Singhbhijm district, Chota Nagpur; also the Latang (Naga) bamboo collected by
G. Mann in the Sibsagar district of Assam, but from planted specimens ; and the
Madang (Singpho) coUcctod in 1890 by Kripa Nath Dé in Lakhimpur, Assam. Mann
says, however, that it is wild, growing in clumps on the lower Naga Hüls, and that
i t ' i s used by the Nagas for basket-work. The Burmese name is Tinwa.
This beautiful species is probably the most common of all Burmese bamboos except
Dendrocalamus s trie tus ; and, as I am informed by J. W. Oliver, it may be found almost
any year flowering sporadically like Dendrocalamus strietus and Hamiltonii, but not
generally producing good seed on such occasions. The Kolhan and Assam localities
^vould point to its having a wider range than is generally supposed. The culms are
largely used for building aud mat-making and other purposes, and in Burma the joints
are used for boiling Itaulcnyin or glutinous rice, the effect being to make a long
mould of boiled rice which can be carried about to bo eaten on Journeys. It is at
once recognized by the characteristic inflorescence, the short sheaths with rounded, longfringed
auricles, and long bifidly-nmcronate palea.
Pt-ATE No. Qb.— Ccphalosiochyum pergracile, Munro. 1, leaf-branch; 2, part of flowerpanicle—
o/naira-a? size-, 3, culm-sheath—s^Äi^y reduced-, 4, cluster of spikelets; 5, smaller
cluster; 6, spikelet open, showing sterile flower, flowering glume, palea and produced
rachilla with rudimentary flower; 7, palea; 8, stamens and lodicuies; 9, lodicule; 10,
anther ; 11, ovary and persistent lodicuies; 12, caryopsis {^QMSigl)—enlarged (all from
Brandis's Burma specimens )
6. Cepualostacuyum flavescens, Kurs For. Fl. Burma ii. 564.
An evergreen, tufted, semi-arborescent bamboo. Culms dull green, turning yellow,,
10 to 20 ft. high, smooth ; nodes not prominent ; intemodes rather long, 1 to 1'5 in.