JNSiLS OF THE EOVAL BOTANIC GiEUES, CALOOTTA.
Fertile flowers few.
Tertila flowers 2 to 3. SECTION TV
Fertile flowers 1 only. SECTION Y.
Heads small distant, leaf aui'icles lonji ciliate
Heads large, leaf auricles not long ciliata
Culms tliorny. SECTION YI.
Oulm-slieatlis short, long-anricled; spikolets usually elongate, raeliillio
evident
Culm-sheatlis long, not aurieled; spikelets short, aente; raohillte not
evidect
Spccies of which the flowers are not knotm.
Culms yellow, erect; leaves glabrous, slieaths with naked auricles
Culms erect; leaves naiTOw, hairy near the base below and on leaf sheath
Culms scandeut; leaves glabrous, leaf sheaths with long bristles
Culms Boandeut; leaves with shaggy margins near the tip
IG. B. ídimstíichi/oiile»
17. B. Gnffmrna,
18. B. WnsL
li>. B. Bliimmia.
B. wuiiiUimcM.
• 21. B. aurir.ithta.
. 23. B. tUhsuh.
. 23. B. Masiersit.
. 24. B. iiun-ghmta.
SECTION I.
1. EAJIBDSA TDLDA, Boxt. Bort. Beiir/. 25 (18U).
An evergreen or deciduous, cmspitose, arboreous, gregarious bamboo. Culms green or
glabrous when young, grey-greon when older, sometimes streaked with yellow, 20 to 70
feet high, not or Ettle branched below, 2 to 4 in. in diameter ; nodes not swollen
the lower ones fibrous-rooted; internodes 1 to 2 ieet long, white-seuriy when very
young, ringed with white below the nodes, the walls thin, -3 to -5 in.; branches
many irom nearly all nodes, those of lowest ones thin, nearly leafless, horizontal.
Cdm-sleaths about 6 to 9 in. long, 6 to 10 in. broad, smooth or whitish-powderecl
or covered with appressed brown hairs without, often whito-powdored within; slightly
attenuate upwards and roimded or triangulai-ly truncate at top ; iwfer/eet °blade
broadly triangular, renifoim or cordate, cuspidate, erect, hairy within, the base decurrent
into rounded, large, long-iringed auricles, or a wavy narrow-fringed band along the upper
edge of the sheath; liguU narrow, entire. Ltmes liricar-oblong or linear-lanceolato,
6 to 10 in. long by -7 to 1-.3 in. broad ; usually rounded at the base into a short
•1 in., often hairy petiole ; acuminate above in a subulate twisted point ; glabrous
above, except for the scabrous veins near the mai-gin on one side, glauecsoent and
puberulous beneath ; scabrous on the edges ; main vein rather narrow, secondary veins
6 to 10, intermediate 7 to 8, psllucid glands faint, scanty; leaf-sheath striate, glabrous,
ending in a smooth callus and an oblong rounded amide, fringed with long, tiling
whitish bristles; lir/ule narrow, inconspicuous. Infiorescctiee variable, sometimes an immense
radical leafless panicle, sometimes a short leafy paniculate or spicatc branch; branches
spicate, bearing interrupted clusters o£ few {1 to 5} u-sually fertile long spikelets, supported
by shining chaffy bracts; rachis smooth, striate. Spikchts vaiiablo in 'length, 1 to ij in.
long, -a in. broad, sessile, glabrous, cylindrical and acute at first, afterwards divided into
many flowers separated by conspicuous rachilla:, bearing first 1 to 2 short bracts, then 2
to 4 usually gemmiparous empty glumes, then 4 to 6 fertile flowers, and finally 1 or 2
imperfect or male terminal flowers; emiili/ ¡jlmnts acutc, many-nerved; flowerini/ glmie
niany-nervcd, glabrous, striate, -5 to I in. long, -3 in. broad, ovate acuto or acuminate,
mucionate, sometimes minutely ciliate on tho edges; palca rather shorter, boat-shaped^
ISDIAS SAMOnSEJ):; GAMBIE.
2-kcelod with long white cilim on the keels and penicillato at the tip, 5 to 7 nerves in
the hollow between the keels; rachilla, clavatc. flattened, striate, glabrous except on the
ciliate tip and occasionally the faintly ciliate edges, articúlate below the glumes, so hat the
spikelct readily breaks up. Lodiculcs 3, -15 in. long, two euneate, oblong, obhquely truncate
thickeired and fleshy below, especially on one side, hyaline and about o-nerved above, the
upper part long-white fimbriate ; the third not thickoned, hyaline, acute, long-fimbriato.
Lmcs long exserted, anthers -3 to -4 in., purple, glabrous, blunt at the tip or emargrnate.
Omrl obovate-obleng, white, haiiy above, surmounted by a short hairy style which
is early divided into 3 long plnme.se wavy stigmas. Canjepsis oblong, hirsute at the
apex furrowed, -3 in. long. Roxt. M. Ind. ii. 103, leon. ined. t. 1403 ; Mmro m
Trans Linn Soc. xxvi. 91; Bra,,dis Fm. Flora 566; Kim For. Fl. Burma n. oo2. ]i.
MACALA, BMh.-IUm. Wall. Cat. S026A; BAMBDSA, Wall. Cat. Ó027, 5030B, OOSCC.
DEKDKOCALAMI.S TOLUA, Voitji Uort. Sui. Calc. 718.
Central and Eastern Bengal, Assam and Burma, also in the hills of the ¡Northern
Circars (if I am right in considering the common gregarious bamboo of the hills of tho
Golgonda Agency in the Vizagapatam district to be this spcoies) and probably in those
of Orissa. "it is cultivated all through Eastern Bengal and Burma, and is probably
the most common kind in the Lower Bengal rice country and in the Assam valleys.
It is by no means easy to distinguish this bamboo in the Herbarium from some
of its neighbom-s when the flowers are not present; even when growing it is not
always easy to recognize it t o m B. nutans. It vaiies, however, a good deal, both
in the size of flower and size and shape of leaf and culm-sheath, and this piobably
accounts for its many native names. I have a large series of specimens from Assam
through G. Mann wlrich boar the names Mirtenga (Sylhet), Wati (Garo), Wamuna,
tea.,i °nal-tans (Assamese), Peo-ians (Assam-Burmese), Bijuli, jali, jao, ghora (Kamriip).
Eoxbiirgh g-ivos the names Tulda, jowa (Bengali); Fcka (Hindi). I have specimens
of my°own collecting from Jalpaiguri and Buxa in the 'ffestem Duars called
Kiranii and Matela, and these also I identify as B. Tulda. 0. B. Clarke has
kindly given me specimens collected by himself at Jessore, Barisal and Eangpur. In
Ohittagong it is called Mllenga, Mrilenga, and specimens were collected by J. L. Lister
in 1876, "and by R. Ellis in 1880. The Burma specimens collected by Brandis, by
Kurz in Mai-taban and Pegu Yemas (No. 154), as well as those lately sent me from
tho Meza Forests in Upper Burma by J. W. Oliver, Conservator of the Eastern
Circle, are named Thailma (Bui-mese), and differ from the Bengal and Assam
specimens by having smaller flowers, the spikelets rarely longer than 1-5 in. and the
flowering glumes 4 in., but I seo no reason to separate them. As enumerated by
Munro, it had been isroviously collocted by Roxburgh, Wallich, GriiKth, Hamilton,
Masters and others, and the Calcutta Herbarium has specimens from many collectors.
As regards its yeai-s of flowering, it undoubtedly has the habit of flowering gregariously
over considerable areas, but single clumps, as has been observod in the Royal Botanic
Garden of Calcutta, if badly ti-eated by oyer-cutting or partly uprooted, will often
produce flowers without any general flowering. Kura collected flowers in 1867-68,
Clarke in 1872 and again in 1884, all in Bengal ; Mann's collectors sent it from
Assam in 1889, and J. W. Oliver from Burma in 1892. In Chittagong it was gathered
in flower in 1876 and 1886. The culms are used for all general purposes, and they
arc strong, but cannot approach those of B. Balcooa, as Roxburgh pointed out.
lioxburgh' says that if seasoned in water they become more dui'able, otherwise they