I ANNALS OF THE EOTAL BOTANIC GAUDEN, CALCI7TTA.
Heads mOTe than l^S in. in diametei-; leaves large.
Ciiim- anil leaf-sheaths not fiinged, palea undiTided . . . . . . 3. C. kUfoUiim.
Culm- and loaf-slieaths friuged; palea bifid 4. C. Fnchsiamim.
Spikelets in heads in interrupted paniculate spikes—SECTION II.
Heads softly hairj', many-flowered.
Leaves r.ither large, culm-sheath auricles raundod, rachis very slender 5. C. pergi'acih.
Leaves small, eulni-sheath auricles pointed, rachis moderately thick . 6. G. flacescem.
Heads nearly glabrous, llowers few 7. C. virgaUun.
SECTION I.
1, CEPHAHOSTACHYUM CAPITATU-M, Miinro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 13&.
A shrubby or sub-arborescent, scmi-scandcnt bamboo. Cuhu 12 to 30 ft. long, tlnuwalled,
yellow, strong below, loose above and so scandent on the branches of trees;
nodes not very prominent; internodes long, often 3 ft. or more, 1 to 1|-in. in diameter.
Avails '2 to '3 in. thick. Cuhn-sheaths rather tliin, papery on the upper part of fliy
young culm, thicker on the lower joints, 6 to 12 in. long, 3 to 3 in. broad, covered on
the back with pale-brown appressed pubescence, mouth triangular, truncato on the
longer upper .sheaths, on the shorter lower ones rounded with concave sinus; imperfect
Made long, orect or recurved, haii-y within, rounded at the base and decurrent on
tho sheath into rounded, sometimes fringed auricles; liciule narrow, serrate. Leaves pale
green, whitish beneath, ovate-lanceolate, rounded at the base, unequally, into a short, -2
to -3 in., petiole; ending above in a long, scabrous, twisted, sotaceous, acuminate jDoint;
4 to 8 in. long, 1 to 2 in. broad, glabrous on both sides, rough on the edges ;
main vein prominent, pale, secondary veins i to 10 pairs, inconspicuous, intenuediate
6 to 7, no regular transvei-se veinlots, but distant pellucid dots which have the
appearance of oblique transverse veinlets below; leaf-sheaths smootli, glabrous, sinning,
ending in a short auricle with a few, long-curvcd deciduous cilioe. Inflorescence a
dense, globulfu', terminal or axillary brownish head, I to 1'5 in. in diameter
îiupported by broad, long-aristate, glabrous bracts, and consisting of many, longaristate,
keeled empty glumes or sfeiile spikclets and with a few sliorter fertile
spikelets. Spilcelets -5 to -7 in. long, at tho ends cf short spOces, beaiing 1 to 3 sterile
floAvers below; empi// glumes 2, ovate, concave beloM' and ending in a long scabrou.s
awn, glabrous above, softly hairy below, many-nerved and wirh transverse veinlets,
•4 to '5 in. long by about '2 in. broad; floivcring f/lume similar bat narrower and
with a shoi-ter awn ; palea as long as the flowering glume, convolute, tliinner in
tcxtui-e, conspicuously nerved both longitudinally and tran.sversely, 2-keeIcd, the
keels close together and hairy bet\voc;n, shortly hairy and bluntly mucronate at
tip; rachilla produced, short. Lodiculea -2 in. long, ovate-lanceolate, rounded and
shortly ciliate above, 3—5-nerved, minutoiy papillosc-haiiy. Stamens exscrtcd, filaments
long; anthers long, narrow, bluntly eiiiarginate at the apex. Ovar;/ ovoid, stalked,
produced into a long, thickened, often twisted style which is cleft at apex into
2 short bifid hairy stigmas. Canjopsis chestnut-brown, smooth, shining, (jvate, depressed,
ending in a short conical beak formed by the persistent base of the style, and
•suppoited by tlie persistent glv.mes and lodicdes; pericarp thick, cru.staceous. BAMIJUSA
CAPiTA'i'A, ly««. and Grif. in Wall, Cat. 8913.
I N D I A N BAMBUSEIE ; GAMBLE. 105
North-East Himalaya and Khasia, Jaintca and Naga Hills; occurring in Sikkim
snd Bhutan at between 2,000 feet and 8,000 feet altitude, and at elevations the
aame or rather lower in the Khasia Ilills. In Sikkim it has been collected by Hooker
and Thomson, T. Anderson, G. King and others; in the Khasia Hills by
Wallich, Griffith, Hooker and Thomson, C. B. Clarke, &c., and in the Naga Ilills
by r . C. Colomb in 1886.
This very pretty, graceful, small bamboo often forms dense thickets on the hillsides,
and appears to flower at very frequent intervals, as has been recorded by
collections in Sikkim in 1848? (Hooker and Thomson); 1866 (T. Anderson); 1869
(C. B. Clarke); 1874 (Gamble); lb78 (G. King); 1892 (G. A. Gammie), and in the
Khasia Hills in 1830 and 1835 (Griffith); 1850 (Hooker and Thomson); 1871-72
(C. B. Clarke). Perhaps the real reason is that, like Dendrocalamits stricUis, it flowers
sporadically and then, now and again, has years of wholesale seeding, as happened
in my own observation in 187-4, when large tracts in the Chel and Ncora valleys in
British Bhutan covered witli this species died ofi and became the scene of a great
conflagration in the following year. It is known in Sikkim as GoMa, gope (Nepalese)
and Fayong (Lepcha); in the Khasia Hills as Sillea and Sullea. I also refer, although
doubtfully, to tliis species, the Serrah and Ternap collected in leaf only by G. Mann
in 1889-90 in the Jaintia Hills, though the culm-shcaths are longer and have longer
imperfect blades, and in some respects more resemble Teinostachymn Ihillooa. Tho wood
is used by the Lepchas, in preference to that of other kinds, for making bows and
an-ows, and it is good for basket-work. The leaves are used for fodder. It is
occasional ly difficult to distinguish this, both from G. pallidiim and from C. latifoliim;
but the blunt anthers and uncleft mucronate palea are characteristic.
VAR. /3 deeomposita; spikelets arranged in spicate almost paniculate clusters with
many fertile spikclots. Collected by T. Anderson and Ivurz in Sikkim.
TAB. 91.— Cephalostachyum capitatvm, Munro. 1 & 2, leaf-branches with flowerheads—
of natural sise ; 3 & 4, culm-sheaths—No. 3 from the upper part of the young
culm, (Gamble), 4 from the lower (G. A. Gammie)—reduced ; 5, spikelet with sterile
flowers and bracts below; 6, empty glume; 7, flowering glume; 8, palea; 9, lodicule;
10, stamens (young) and ovary with style; 11, caiyopsis—enlarged (chiefly from my
2. CEPnALOSTACHYUM rALLiDUSi, Mmro in Trans. Linn. Soc. sxvi. 139.
A shrubby or small arboreous bamboo, with branches Terticillate at the nodes
often most numerous. Cidms and culm-sheaths not known. Leaves pale green, ovatelanceolate,
unequally rounded at the base into a rather long -2 in. petiole which is
often wrinkled; rather suddenly narrowed above into a scabrous subulate point ending
in a long hair-like tip ; 1 to 5 in. long and -5 to 1 in. broad ; glabrous on both sides or
minutely pubescent below, rough on the edges which are somewhat cartilaginous; main
vein pale, secondary veins 4 to 6 pairs, intermediate 7, no transverse veinlets •
leaf-sheaths striate, ciliate on the edges, ending in a short, rounded auricle furnished
with a few very early deciduous ciliffi; ligule long, sometimes ciliate. Inflorescence a
ill!
flîi!
ANN. ROT. BOT. GAED. CALCUTTA, YOL. Y I I .