iioyil- BOTASIC GiEDE.T, CAICDTTA.
voMola promino.t regul»,, .aisrf beneath ^ith many peltocM glands;
stnato do„»ly ta„ny.p,ibescent, at length glahws, c,Hate on tie o d j e n U t
a sliortly cihato caltas, and furnished with a few Icm,^ 1 • , , °
she,.t, h„i,,, often ün,briate. / » > J 1 f b t n c h ef
branch,et, tho nodes of the p a n i c . i b t e n d o d ty
waller, Sbmen, slightly exsorted 2,, 11 f ^ ^ '
This species is easily distingnished from all others, except A. OrifitMana, by its
spinous nodes, and from that species by the diSeront inflorescence, longer and
broader leaves, and less hany and thinner sheaths. It grows in o¿en clumps in
evergreen forests, and rs used for tying on the thatch of native hLses. Hooker
grves the Ivhas.a na„,e while G, JJann gives these of U-s^ar, ,j,ar For a "
flowers, winch were nnknewn when Slunro wrote, we aro indebted to Ó. B. ClaAe
Lister, specimens show excellently the characters of the oulms and cnhn-sheaths
PLAT. ^O. cal,„a, Munro. 1, leaf-branch; 2, flowering branch-
J, part of culm-„i,™i 4, cuhn.shea,h-„i„„.¿ A; 5, leaf-sheath; ^r spikolet ^
7, empty gluuies; 8, flowering glmne; 9, palea; 10, lodicnle.; 11, flew»; ^ i f g h m ^
and paea removed; 13, anther; 13, ovary and stigmas; 14, transverse venatL, of
l e a f - » ; « . , « , . ^Kos. 3 and 4 from G. Manors; the rest from C. B. Clarke's specimoL
S E C T I O N I I.
I I . AROBDISAEIA FALCATA, Ntes in Linnieu ix. 478 (1834).
A gregarious shrub with annual culms from a central rootstock. Culms 6 to 10 ft
h,gh, -J to -e m. m drameter, smooth, eyhndrio, green at first, and sometimes wirite
prurnose; nodes much swollen, glabrous or hirsute; intornodes 6 to 13 inches lona
smeoth, w-a,ls tInn ; branohlers from the nodes fasciculate, very numerous lendTr'
geuiculate at the jornts ; flowering and leaf-bearing branches^ on difl:ere ,t culm '
o ï r ; ; i • " r " ' ' • f « - - lo-^er than tho internod™:
often 13 m long and 3 rn. broad at the base, glabrous above, minutely scab^
rous han-y beneath m the upper half; ciliate on the edges; gradually and eon
ca™ly attenuate npwards in the nppor two-thirds to a n a r « : , ¿aScato, eUiate, -1 to
-3 in. broad tip; .Mper/ect Made -0 to 3 in. long, -1 in. bread, sabnlate, recurved;
Ugul, elongate, often -5 in. long, dentate. L,aves usually 3 to 4 in. long and -2 to -.3
m. broad; exceptionally (on young shoots) up to 13 in. long and 1 in ¡„
INDIAN BAMBITSEJE; GAMBLE.
breadth, linear; attenuate at the base into a short, less than '1 in. long, petiole; tapering
above into a long setaceous twisted point ; scabrous above, niinuteiy pubescent beneath
when young, afterwards glabrous or with scattered soft long hairs near the midrib,
scabroas on the edges ; main vein prominent, secondary veins 3 to 7 paii-s, pale ; intermediate
5 to 7; transverse voinlots none, but many pollucid glands, some of which give
tho appearance of transverse veinlets when di-y; laiif-sheatlis striate, glabrous, ending in
a minutely liairy ring below the petiole, and produced upwards on either side to
meet the ligule; ligvle long, membranous, dentate or lacerate. Inflorescence on leafless
separate culms, consisting of paniculate falcate racemes fa,icicled at the nodes, and
subtended by short linear or lanceolate membranous bracts. Spiliekts -Ô to -7 in. long,
beaiing 2 empty glumes, then 1 to 2 fertile flowers, then a terminal rudimentary
flower or free raohilla ; rachillee cuneate, hairy at the top ; empty ¡¡himes 2, pale, tile lower
-3 in. long 3- to 5-nei-ved, the upper -4 in. long 7- to O-nerved, acute, ciliate at tip;
flcwerhiij (jlmm '5 in. long, sub-acute, mucronate, scabrous, 7- to 9-nerved, ciliate at tip;
palea as long as or rather longer than flowering glume, bifid, 2-keeled, 2-nerved on either
side of keels, keel ciliate at tip, margins of both flowering glume and palea often
black, Lodiculcs ovate or obevate, one rather narrower, hyaline, somewhat swollen at base,
3-veined, iimbi-iato on the margins. Stamens at first hardly exsorted, later protruding;
anthers bitld at the tip, the tilaments sometimes flattened. Omrn glabrous, lincaroblong,
attenuate into a short stale, which is speedily divided into 2 plumose
stigmas. Oari/opsis linear, '5 in. long, furrowed on ono side, surmeunted by tho base
of the bifid style. Riiprccht Bamh, 2Ô, tab. iii. 8 ; Uteadel ti^rt. 335 ; Munro in Trans.
Linn. See. xxvi. 26; Brandis For. Fiom 562, Ind. Forester xii. 206. A. EiTiiiiRup'rA
Trin. in Man. Acad. Petersh. Ser. vi. iii. ii. (1835) 020. A. UTILIS, Ckghorn in Journ.
Aijr. Soc. of India xii. 388 (1805) (?)
VAR a. typica, spikelets distant, in falcate filiform racemes.
„ /3. glomm-aia, spikelets collected in groups of 3 to 4 together, in close
racemes or panicles.
Nerth-WfStem Himalaya, from the Eavi to Nepal, ascending from 4,000 feet to
12,000 feet, but rarely fennd over 7,000 feet, gathered by numereus collectors.
This is the well-known low level rinçai of the Nenh-'Western Himalaya, always
found in the undergrowth of forests of white oak (Qacraus inenna), firs and mixed
trees in more or less shady places, usually on northern slopes or in ravines. It
has been frequently found in flower, and though, as happened in 1879, years
of general seeding ai-e of occasional occurrence, a few clumps may be found in
flower in almost any year. Brandis {Ind. Forester xii. 206) gives Chakrata 6,000 ft.
in 1881; Hanglad Valley 6,000 ft., 1881; Jaunsar 1878; Kulu 1876; and A. F. Broun
{Ind. Forester xii. 414) gives Jaunsar 1886. Brandis says that "two kinds are
« generally distinguished, one growing at lower elevations (ap to 7,000 ft.), tiiinner,
" -ivith solid or nearly solid cnlms and narrow leaves; the other growing between 8,000
" and 13,000 ft. with shorter, thicker and hollow culms and broader leaves, the
<' foliage more feathery;» but in his paper in the "Transactions of tho Eoyal Society of
" Now South Wales reprinted in Ind. Forester xii. 304, " ho seems to explain that the
higher level one is A. spatkijlora, Ti-in., for he has never seen A. faleata above 7,000
ft. He gives many vernacular names, tho chief ef which are ^'iytl¡ and Ilin)iiL