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O R A N G E .
^HIS city was the Araulio Gavariim, or Secondarum Colonia of Pliny, and, according
to Ptolomy, one of the four cities belonging to the Gavares, a people who inhabited that
part of Provence neareft the banks of the Rhone. Its fitnation, although three miles from
this river, is nearly fimilar to Avignon, being alfo placed at the extremity of one of the
moli fertile plains of Provence, and at the foot of a mountain where there is ilill exifting
the remains of a ftrong cattle, dcmohihed by Lewis the Fourteenth.
It is one hundred and twenty-three miles dlftant from Lyons, and was originaUy the
capital of a thiall prmcipality, which had been governed for the fpace of twelve centuries
fucceffively by fovereign princes, under four different families. The firft commenced in
the feventh century, and lafted till the twelfth, bore the title of Counts of Orange i flie
fécond. Barons of Beaux, and lafted till the fourteenth century ; the third. Barons of Arley,
and lafted till the peace of Vervins, anno 1598, when Eéné of Nafllu was acknowledged
Sovereign of the principality. It was foon after taken by the French, and rcftored to
William of England by die treaty of Ryfwick ; but at the death of tliis Sovereign it was
again retaken by Lewis the Fourteenth, and the poiTeflion ratified to him by tlic King of
Pntilia at the h-eaty of Utrecht, 1713.
Although Orange has fharcd in the general devaftations which have viftted for centuries
its neighbouring cities, and in f . a the whole of thefe provinces, it has ftill preferved '
many noble monuments of antiquity, leaving us a faint idea of its original fplendour.
Thefe confia of a Cirens, an Aqucdnit, a Temple, and a beautithl Triumphal Ar-eh;
which laft, a. being the leaft injured by time or ravage, will form the fubjeS of the
annexed Drawing.
This fuperb building, which at prefent is at fome diftance from the town, is fuppofcd
ancientiy to have been within its >valls. It is built of frec-ftone, and was compofed of
tiircc arches, one large and tivo fmaller. Its bafe is in the form of a reflangle, of about
fixty-two feet in front, and thirty-three in width ; its total height being fixty-four. The