O D O . M A L A T A S SPECIES
hul. V. mO.—Oaüania Jmmim, BI. Bijcb,-. 535; Fl. JaT. Capul, cum var, mmkam, M.
t. 23; Mus. Lugd. Bal. i. 283; Miq. PI. Jungh. 18; Fl. Ind. Bat. i. 1. 867; Kurz
I'or. Fl. Bui-m. ii. 479. —C. Javanica, Bl., var. monimm; Fl. Jav. Cup. t. 24.—Oastanca
imnUnt, Bl. Bijdr. 526 ; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. 1. 867.—0. cosiatu, A. DC. Prod. xvi.
ii. 110; Miq. Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. i. 1. 120; var. Bmam, Scliefl. Obs. Phyt. ii.
bf>.—Omlmea eosbb, Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. i. 284; Miq. PI. Ind. Bat. i. 1. 866.-C.
impenia., SehefE. Obs. Phyt. ii. ñü.—Castanea hremcuips, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. 1. 866.—
0. spedalilis, Miq. 1. c. 866; Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. i. 120.
Java, Snmata, Bangba, Borneo, Malacca,—.«<.¿í¡,oj,, 1461 (mi.-!ed with acorns of Qtiercm
Simdaica, BL); P e r a k ,—C o l k e t m - and ferfecij«!-common; Lower Burmah,—
Parkh (once collected); Fenang, — P « a > s ; Singapore,-Ci»i%.
Blume does not appear to have had a very clear idea of his species C. Jmmim,
for his figure of it does not tangibly differ from his figure of O. argenüa. And of his
species G. cosíala he had never seen fruit. I have carefully examined the material in
his herbarium at Leiden. It is very scanty indeed, and I can quite understand how,
with such poor specimens to work upon, he arrived at rather dubious results. I can
see no specific difference between the type specimens of his Jamnica and cmbtit; nor
can I see how Scheffer's O. triipmm is to be distingidshed from Blumo's C. Javmion.
Schcffer trusts to the throe nuts as a diagnostic mark of trisfenm, because Blume
describes his Javanica as having only one. But some of Blame's own specimens show
that the nuts are in threes. Miquel himself reduces (in Am. Mm. Lugi. Bat. i. 120) his
species hrevictispis and spscialilis to costaUi.
PÍATE 88.—Í7. Jamrica, A. DC. 1, flowering-branch; 2 & 3, leaves of different forms .
4, ripe fruit showing the smooth p a t c h , o f mtm-al size.
. Bot. i.8. CASTAKOPSIS ARGENTEA, A. DC. Seem. Jorirn. (1863) 182; Prod. xvi.
112 (emti. var. Mai-tahanim).
Young shoots glabrous, glaucous, lenticellate. Leaves membranous, lanceolate or
oblanceolate-oblong to elliptic-lanceolate, shortly acuminate or acute, entire : the base
acute or sub-acute; both surfaces glabrous; the lower pale and sub-silvery or glaucous;
nerves 7 to 10 pairs, curving, thiu, but prominent beneath; length of blade 4 to 8-5
i n , breadth 1-25 to 3 in.; petiole -5 in. to -75 in. Flowers on stout, fulvous-pubescent,
solitary, axillary spikes, or in lax, terminal panicles shorter than the leaves. Female
spikes few; the flowers solitary, ^¡ie fruit nearly globular, about 2 in. in diameter - the
involucre densely clothed with numerous tufts of branching, radiating, curving, subulate
spines, -3 m. to -4 in. long with cinereous-pubescent bodies and pale glabrous apices. Nut
usually single, sub-globular, smooth, and adpressed-pubeseent, except the largo attached
surface which is rough and glabrous, about 1 in. in d i ame t e r .—A n n . Mus. Lwjd.
Bat. i. 120; Eool:. fil Fl. Br. Ind. v. iì2\.— Castanea anjentea, Bl. Bijdr. 625; Fl. Jav
Cupul. 40. t. 21; Mus. Lugd. Bat. i. 282; Miq. PI. Jungh. 13 ; Fl. Ind. Bat. i'. 1. 867;
Kurz For. Fl. Burnì, ii. 479; var. iumjurrut, Ki.irz {not of Bl.) \.c.~Caataiiea Martabanica
Wall. Cat. 2764; Wall. PI. As. Rar. ii. 6. t. 107.
Java, Borneo, and other islands of the Malay Archipelago, at elevations up to 4,000 feet-
Hill ranges of Burmah,—lùtrz, Polish, Anderson; Tenasserim,—Heifer (444.-5).
This species is closely aUied to C. Javaniea, Bl., with which it is often confused in
collections. It may be distinguished by its leaves having finer nerves and being paler
OF CASTANOPSIS. 9I3
beneath than Javanica. Its young branches are, moreover, glabrous and glaucous,
wherea.s those of Javanica are pubescent. Burmese specimens have narrower leaves than
tliose from the Malayan islands. I have seen no specimens from Perak. An exploration
of the central dividing range of the Malayan Peninsula will doubtless show that
the distribution of this species is continuous from Burmah southward to the Archipelago.
PLATB 89.—C. argentea, Bl. 1, flowering-branch; 2, leaf from another specimen ; 3, spike
with young fruit; 4, ripe fruit,—o/ natural size.
9 . CASTANOPSIS BOENEEKSIS, . spec.
All parts glabrous. Leaves coriaceous, on rather slender petioles, lanceolate, acuminate,
entire; the base acute; upper surface shining, the lower dull and slighty paler;
nerves 8 or 9 pairs, not prominent; length of blade 3 to 3-5 in., breadth 1-25 to
1-5 in.; petiole -5 in. Female spikes solitary, much longer than the leaves when adult,
the rachis stout. Fruil sessile, globular, about 1-25 in. in diameter; the involucre densely
covered with stout, branching spines which are flattened at the base, spreading, recurved
striate, sub-glabrous, about -35 in. long. Kut single, depressed-globose.
Borneo, in Sarawak,—Beccari [P. B. 1212, 3078).
Collected only by Signor Beccari. Male flowers unknown.
PLATJi 90.-C. Borneensis, King. 1, leafy branch; 2, spike with nearly ripe fruit,—
of natural size.
10. CASTANOPSIS CASTANICAEPA, S^rnch. Hist. Veg. Phan. xi. 185.
Young branches, petioles, and inflorescence softly pubescent; all other parts glabrous.
Leaves sub-coriaceous, large, ovate-oblong or obovate-oblong, shortly acuminate, entire ; the
base acute ; both surfaces, when adult, shining and glabrous ; the reticulations minute,
distinct; nerves about 10 pairs, thin, but prominent beneath; length of blade 10 to 12
in., breadth 4 to 4-5 in.; petiole about -5 in., stout. Female siñkes solitary, axillaiy,
shorter than the leaves; the flowers solitary or in threes. Hipe involucre ovoid, about
1-25 in. long, pubescent, densely covered with straight, striate, flat, sub pnbescent, sharp,
rather weak spines, about -3 in. long, and united into tufts by their bases only. Nut
single, ovoid, with a lougish point, smooth, about -5 in. long.—yl. DC. Prod. xvi. ii. I l l ;
JUiq. Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. i. IIQ.— Castanea S,oxljurghii, Lindi, in Wall. Pl. As. Ear. ii.
6 ; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. v. 621; Kurz. For. Flor. Burm. ii. iSQ.-Quereus castanicarpa
Roxb. PL Corom. iii. 93. t. 296 ; Fl. Ind. üi. 640; Wight Ic. 769.
Chittagong : on low dry h\\\s,—Roxburgh, Hooker.
I n Roxburgh's time this appears to have been rather a common species near
Chittagong, and Sir Joseph Hooker found it there in 1849-50. A collector, sent to the
Chittagong Hills from the Botanic Garden, Calcutta, in 1886 for the purpose of
collecting this failed, however, to find a single tree; it must therefore now be exterminated,
or nearly so, in the Chittagong district—a fate, alas ! not peculiar to this species. Male
flowers of this ai-e unknown.*
• Is'oTE,—Since tlio aboro wis written, a ripe imiiiug-speoimeQ (of wLicli I gire a figuro) iiaa been sent to
from a remoto port o£ the Cliittagong Hiil Tracts by Sir. Dowliuj;. a gentleman rcsiiling there, to TTIIOITI I ;
indebted for mueli assistance in tlie botauieal esi)loration of that difficult cotintry,
. EOY. BOT, G.VKD. CALCURIA, VOL. II.