9G INDO.M.VLAYAN SPEOIES
Tliis bears a considerable resemblanco to some of the forms of Q. tribuloicki, DC.
with ferruginous pubescence, but is distinguished from them by its female flowers beinff
m threes and (in the Indian specimens) by the involucres containing more than one
nut; also by the flocculent pubescence of the under surface of its leaves. In Sikldm
this rarely grows belr.w 6,000 feet, and never so low as cchidnocarpa and armata (the
ferruginous varieties of tribuloides). The only specimens from the Khasia Hills which I
have seen were collected by Griffith (No. 4-Í1Ó) and by Sir J. D. Hooker. Recent
collections from the Khasia {e.g., Mr. G-ustav Mann's) do not contain this species. The
species appears to be rather common at elevations of from 4,500 to 5,000 feet in the
central chain of hills which forms the backbone of the Malayan Peninsula. Specimens
from thence have entire leaves and rather smaller fruits than Himalayan specimens;
and the fruits, moreover, often contain only one nut. The Malayan trees may, however,
possibly belong to a different species.
PLATE 84.—C. HUSIRLX, A. DC. 1, branch with inflorescence of one female and many
male spikes; 2. branch with spike of inamature fruit) 3, ripe f r u i t ,—o f natural size ; 4, male
flowers, enlarged.
4. CASTASOPSIS DIVEKSIFOLIA, King in IIoo'c. fil. Fl. Br. Tnd. v. 620.
Young shoots minutely fulvous-tomentose. Adult leaves coriaceous, varying in shape
on the same branch from oblong, ovate-oblong to braadly elliptic, soimitimes oblique j the
apex acute in the narrower forms, blunt but mucronate in the broader; upper surface
glabrous when adult; under surface puberulous to glabrous; the midrib and nerves
sometimes puberulous on both surfaces; nerves 10 to 15 pairs, stout, prominent beneath;
secondary nerves bold, transverse; length of blade 4-5 to 9 in., breadth 2 to 5 in.;
petiole -25 to -75 in,, stout, tomentose. Mala Jlotoers in robust, spreadmg, terminal,
tomenti^se panicles. Fruit sessile, globular; the involucre indistinctly ridged and densely
covered with simple, sharp, stout, pubescent, radiating spines, about -4 in. long. Nut
single, depressed-globular, adpressed-pubescent, -o in. long and -75 in. broad.—Cwsiane«
diversifoh, Kurz. For. Flora Burmah ii. 479 ; Journ. As. Soc. Bengal vol. 44. pt. 2. 198.
Burmah, in the Martaban Hills, at elevations of from 3,500 to 6,000 ieet,—Kurz,
Brandts.
A species distinguished from all others by its variable leaves. Its nearest ally is the
Bomean species C. Mottleyana, King.
PLATE %bk.—-C. diversifolia,'S.\iiz. 1, branch with panicle; 2, leaf from another branch;
3, ripe fruit,—ff/io/natural size.
5. CASTANOPSIS MOTTLEYANA, nov. .fpec.
Young shoots densely and minutely ferruginous-toraentose. Leaves coriaceous, ovateoblong
to obovate-oblong, shortly acuminate, entire; the base acute; upper surface rugose,
glabrous, except the pubescent midrib; under sm-face ferruginous, pubescent; the midrib
and 11 to 15 pairs of prominent nerves tomentose, transverse venation distinct; length
of bladft 7 to 9 in., breadth 3 in. to 3-5 in.; petiole -5 in., stout, tomentose. Female
spikes solitary, axillary, about as long as the leaves; the rachis stout, tuberculute.
Young involucres sessile, depressed-globose, densely covered with numerous, stout,
OP CASTANOPSIS. 97
simple, straight, conical, hispid prickles with glabrous sharp apices. Bipe fruit unknown.
Nuts three, densely rufous-pubescent.
Borneo in Sarawak,—^eccan (P. B. 2613.)
Known only by Signer Beccari's specimens, none of which have male spikes or ripe
fruit. A well-marked species, quite distinct from any other known Castanopsis. I have
dedicated it to Mr. Mottley, an excellent collector in the Malayan countries whose
services to botany have been but scantily recognised.
PLATE 86.—C. Mottleyana, King. Branch with spikes of young fruif,—O/ natural size.
1, vortical section of fruit; 2, spines : enlarged.
6. CASTANOPSIS TUNGDRSUT, A. DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. (1R63) 182 ; Prod. xvi. ii. 110.
Young branches and inflorescence minutely furfuraceous-tomentose. Leaves coriaceous,
elliptic-oblong to elliptic, acute or acuminate, entire; the base rounded or slightly
acute; upper surface shining, glabrous; lower minutely pubescent, adpressed on nerves
and midrib; nerves 12 to 16 pairs, prominent beneath; length of blade 4-5 in. to 8
in., breadth 1'75 in. to 3 in.; petiole -5 in. Spikes about as long as the leaves
solitary, axillary, or in small lax panicles; the female spikes few, female flowers solitary.
liipe fruit as in C. Javanica, except that the spines are longer.—Ifi^. Ann. Mus. Lugd.
Bat. i. 12Q.— Ca8tanea Tungurrut, Bl. Bijdr. 525; Fl. Jav. Cupul. 42. t. 22; Mus. Bot
Lugd. Bat. i. 283; Miq. PL Jungh. 13; Fl. Ind. Bat. i. 1. 866; Suppl. 353.
Java and other parts of the Malay Ai-chipelago, at elevations of from 4 000 to
6,000 feet.
This comes near C. Javanica, A. DC., but is readily distinguished in the herbarium
by the olivaceous, not rufous, tint of the pubescence of its adult leaves, and by the
greater number of their nerves. The plant issued by Wallich under this name (No
2763 of his Catalogue) is not Tungurrut, BI., but a distinct species which I have
named after Wallich. Kurz's C. argentea, var. Tungurrut, is simply argentea.
Vlki^SI.—a Tungurrut, k.-DO. 1, young twig with male spikes; 2, young female
spikes ; 3, ripe fruit,—a// of natural size.
7. CASTANOPSIS JAVANICA, A. DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. i. (1863) 182; Frod. xvi. ii.
I l l {cum var. moiiiuna).
Young shoots covered with miuute rufous pubescence. Leaves coriaceous, ovatelanceolate
or oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, entire; the base acute; upper surface
glabrous; lower minutely fulvous or rufous often cinnamoneous-pubescent, ultimately
becoming glabrous or sub-glabrous; nerves 9 to 12 pairs, bold and prominent beneath.
Spikes androgynous, minutely fulvous or rufous-tomentose, erect, in axillary or terminal
fascicles or small panicles longer than the leaves; the male spikes numerous; female
flowers in threes on the lower part of only a few spikes. Ripe fruit sub-globular, from
1'5 to 2'5 in. in diameter; the involucre thick-walled, woody, densely covered with
tufts of simple or branching, radiating, curved, subulate spines, -25 to '5 in. lono-, with
pubescent bodies and glabrous apices. Fuls 1 to 3, ovoid-globose, with one side
flattened, densely rufous-tomentose.—Miq. Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. i. 120; Hook. fil. Fl Br
ANN, ROT. EOT. GAUD. CALCCRIA, VOL, II,