the rising of thè sun to the going down thereof, has reduced under
his authority.’ The statue was, therefore, probably raised after his
return from the campaign in Syria” — where, the Tyrians, Sidonians,
Arvadites, and others, acknowledged his suzerainty.
An epoch has now been reached that is more ancient than the
registry of Hebrew annals,111 by a century, perhaps ; and hence they
cease to throw light, for times anterior to S o lom o n , upon nationalities
outside the topographical boundaries of Palestine. But, where Judaean
chronicles are silent, when cuneiform records falter, the hieroglyphics
of Egypt supply abundance of ethnological information, and
enable us to demonstrate the perpetual indelibility of this (let us call
it, for mere convenience sake,) Cfhaldaic type. lAlready, “ half-breeds,”
between Nilotic and Euphratic populations, must have been numerous.
Palestine was the neutral-ground of contact; and S o lom o n ’s wedding
with the “ daughter of Pharaoh” shows that Abrahamic royalty only
followed a matrimonial practice familiar to the Israelites since that
patriarch’s first visit to Egypt ; which duly received Mosaic sanction
in the law—“ Abhor not the MiTsRI {Egyptian) : ” 112 benignantly providing
for its prolific consequences by adding the clause — “ The
children that are horn of them' at the third generation, shall enter into
the assembly of IeHOuaH.”
Mr. Birch was the first to establish, five years ago,113 the intimate
connexions between Egypt and Assyria, in the tenth century b . c. ;
the very age of Solomon’s marriage with an Egyptian princess, and
of the punishment inflicted, about 9 7 1 - ’S, by S h e s h o n k upon Jerusalem,
“ in the fifth year of Rehoboam.” The kings of Egypt during
the XXIId or Buhastite dynasty, were proved, by this erudite palaeographer,
to bear not Egyptian, but Assyrian names: thus, S h e s h o n k ,
Shishak, was assimilated to the “ Sesacea” of Babylon ; O s o r k o n to Se-
rak, 8aracus; the son of Osorkon H. was-shown to be a NIM-ROT,
Nimrod ; and the appellative T a k e l l o t h , TEXT, of the hieroglyphics,
to contain DiGLaTA, which is the same river Tigris that is embodied
in the royal Assyrian name of T i g l a t h - P ileser.
Here is a mute witness of those events and those times » GOT-
THOTHI-MmwA (Eig. 30), “ Chief of the Artificers,” at Thebes,114 who
died, according to inscriptions on his cerements, in the “ Year X of
the reign of King Osorkon HI."; that is, he was alive in the year 900
b . c. ! His complete mummy lies in the Anatomical Museum of the
University of Louisiana, New Orleans ; and we shall describe it in
the proper place : our object' at present being merely to indicate
an atom of the ethnological abundance that Egypt and Assyria
supply- And the reader will realize the harmoriy of these archeological
researches, when he beholds the portrait of the king (Eig. 31) in
F ig . 30. F ig . 81.
O so rk o n III.115
whose reign this mummy was made. L e em a n s published a date of
the IXth, and B u n s e n one of this Pharaoh’s Xlth regnal year. The
legend on the mummy has added another of his Xth.
Several coincidences have been ingeniously put together by Mr.
S h a r p e ;116 but, while we refer to Layard’s Second Expedition,™ for
realizations of the almost-prophetic science of Birch, the latter’s
opportune discovery of the relationship of Ramses XIV., by marriage,
to the daughter of the Semitic “ King of Bashan,”118 is merely noted
here, because it will he elucidated under the chapter on Egypt. In
the following Asiatic prisoners, recorded among the foreign conquests
of Amunoph HI., at Soleb,119 there is no difficulty of recognizing —
F ig! 32.
I 2 3
1. Pa-ta-na, Padan-Aram; 2. A-su-ru, Ashur, Assyria; 3. Ka-ru-
ka-mishi, Carchemish. The names of Saenkar, Shinar, and Naha-
raina, in Hebrew N a h a r a im , the “ two rivers,” or Mesopotamia,