Fra. 302. Fig. 304.
Creek Chief—- Profile View.
Fig . 305.
Vertical View.
Fig. 306.
Monnd-bnilder'— Profile View. Vertical View.
to show, th ro u g h
faithful ^copies, that
the type just attributed
to the American
races is found
among t r ib e s the
most s c a t t e r e d—
among the semi-civilized,
and the barbarous—
amongo- livingoas
well as among extinct
races; and that
no foreign race has
intruded itself into
their midst, even in
the smallest appreciable
degree: availing
myself of some of
the original woodcuts
of the Or ania
Americana, placed by
Mrs. Morton’s kindness
at our disposal.
Peruvians, from Temple of the Sun.
This head (Fig. 307) from the Cemetery of Pachacamac, is characteristic of the’American
type, as will be seen at a glance : the parietal and longitudinal diameters being nearly equal;
the vertex prominent.
Fra. 308.
Fra. 307.625 Fra. .309.
Peruvian—Profile View. Vertical View. Back View.
Longitudinal diameter, 6 inches; parietal, 6-9; frontal, 4-4; vertical, 6. Internal ca
pacity, 77 cubic inches.
Fig. 310, from the Inca Cemetery, is perfectly Fig. 310.526
typical of the race.
Longitudinal diameter, 6-5 inches; parietal,
5.5 - frontal, 4-6; vertical, 5-6. Internal capacity,
68-5 cubic inches.
Morton supplies the measurements of twenty-
three adult skulls of the “ pure Inca race,” from
the cemetery called Pachacamac, or the Temple
of the Sun, near Lima; obtained and presented
to him by Dr. Ruschenberger, U. S. N. As this
sepulchre was reserved for the exclusive use of
the higher class of Peruvians, it is reasonable to
infer that the skulls thence disinterred belonged
to persons of intelligence and distinction; although
I am aware that Rivero and Tschudi express doubts that any of these can have
belonged to royal Peruvian personages.527
The largest cranium of this series yields an internal capacity of 89'5 cubic inches, which
is a fraction short of the Caucasian mean; while the smallest measures but 60. The mean
of the whole is but 73 cubic inches. .,
The following examples of Mexican heads suffice to show the, identity of the two races.
Mexicans.
This (Fig. 311) is a
relic of the genuine
Toltecan stock, haying
been exhumed
from an ancient cemetery
at Cerro de
Q u e s ila s , near the
city of Mexico. It
was accompanied by
numerous antique vessels,
weapons, &c., indicating
a personage
of distinction. This
cranium was brought
from the city of
Mexico by the Hon.
J. R. Poinsett, and by
him presented to the
Academy of Sciences
of Philadelphia.
Longitudinal diameter,
7-1, inches; parietal,
5*7; frontal,
4-4; vertical, 5*2„ Internal
capacity, 83
F ig . 311.528
Mexican—Vertical View.
F ig . 313.529
cubic inches.
A remarkably-well
characterized h e a d
(Fig. 313) from an
ancient tomb near the
city of Mexico, whence
it was exhumed with
a great variety of an- Back View.
Mexican—Vertical View.
F ig. 312.
Back View.
Fig. 314.