system, in Ms tripartite division ; inasmuch as he groups the “ Affiliations
of Japheth,” that is, his “white races,” between the Tauric
chain of mountains and the Caucasian, along and within the northern
coast of Asia Minor to the Black Sea.
F ig. 163.
So, again, Egyptian ethnography chose, for
the standard-type of “yellow races,” four effigies
wMch entirely correspond, in every desideratum
of locality, color, and physical conformation,
with those families classified, in Xth Genesis, as
the “Affiliations of Shem;”. and like the Hebrew
geographer, the Theban artist must have
known,. that the yellow, or Semitic, groups of
men occupied countries immediately south of
the “ white races,” and stretching from the Taurus
to the Isthmus of Suez, including the river-
lands of the Tigris and Euphrates, together with
the Arabian Peninsula.
The specimen illustrative of these groups of
yellow-skinned races here presented in Fig. 163,
is also, like the following (Figs. 164, 165), a reproduction
from the four figures before shown
on page 85.
Equally parallel is the Jewish classification, in respect to the “ Affiliations
of H am” (Fig. 164), with those “ red races” among which the
Egyptians placed the IioT, or themselves. To the
latter, KAaM was nothing hut the hieroglyphical
name of Egypt proper ; XAeMe, or KAiMe, “ the
dark land” of the Nile; corrupted by the Greeks
into “ Chemmis” and “ Chemia,” and by us
preserved in such words as “chem-istry” and
“ sl-chem-y,” both Egyptian sciences ; while, in
Hebrew geography, KAaM, signifying dark, or
swarthy, merely meant all those non-Shemitish
families which, under the especial cognomina of
Cushites, Canaanites, Mizraimites, Libyans, Berbers,
and so forth, formed that group of proximate
types situate, aboriginally, east and west
of the Nile, and along its banks north of the
first cataract at Syene. Our wood-cut illustrates
the Egyptian standard-type of these populations.
But here the analogy between the earliei
Egyptian and the posterior Hebrew systems
Fig . 164.
Swarthy (or red) races -
Ham.
ceases. Nigritian races, never domiciled nearer to Palestine than
1500 miles to the south-westward, did not enter into the social
economy of the Solomonic Jews, any more than into that of the
Homeric Greeks; and, if not perhaps absolutely unknown, Negroes
were then as foreign to, and remote from, either nation’s geography,
as the Samo'idans or the Tungousians are to our popular notions of
the earth’s inhabitants at the present day. In consequence, (as it is
thoroughly demonstrated in Part H.), the writer of Xth Genesis omits
F ig . 165.
Negro races altogether, from Ms tripartite classification
of humanity under the symbolical appellatives
of “ Shem, Ham, and Japheth; ” whereas
the Egyptians of the XTXth dynasty, about 1500
years b. c., having become acquainted with the
existence of Negroes some eight centuries previously
(when Sesourtasen I., of the XHth dynasty,
about b . c. 2300, pushed his conquests into Hp-
per Nubia), could not fail to include this fourth
type of man in their ethnological system; because
the river Nile was the most direct viaduct
through which the Soodan, Negro-land, could
be reached, or Negro captives procured.
With this preliminary basis, calling attention
to the effigy (Fig. 165) by which they personified
Negroes generally, we proceed to draw from the
ancient stone-books of Egypt such testimonies
Black races.
concerning the permanence of type among Nigritian races as they
may be found to contain.
Our Negro (Fig. 166) is from
tbe bas-reliefs of Ramses HT.
(XXth dynasty, thirteen centuries
b. c.), at Medeenet-IIaboo,
where he is tied by the neck to
an Asiatic prisoner. The head,
in the original, is now uncolored;
and it serves to show
' how perfectly Egyptian artists
represented these races.308 We
quote from Gliddon’s Ethnographic
Notes, before referred to :
“ This head is remarkable, furthermore,
as the usual type of
two-thirds of the Negroes in Egypt at the present day.” And any
one living in our Slave-States will see in this face a type which is
frequently met with here. We thus obtain proof that the Negro has
remained unchanged in Africa, above Egypt, for 3000 years; coupled
32
F ig. 166.