Blue and White Niles ! Unluckily for Crete, these texts merely show that KARTi-im
was another name — a nickname perhaps — for a sept of Philistines in Palestine.
David’s life-guards were composed of KARTtI and PALTil (2 Sara. viii. 18 ; 1 Chron.
xviii. 17). They, with the GTil (2 Sam. xv. 18), made up a corps of “ 600 men.”
Now, the latter being citizens of Gath, the union of all three tribes into a cohort renders
their homogeneity, as native Palestinians, more than probable. But, none of these
passages touch the Eaphtor'im ; whose name is distinct from that of the JLherethlm.
But, it is said, three other texts confirm the Cretan theory: — Pent. ii. 23, “ The
Âvïm that dwelled in villages as far as (Gaza?) Aza, the KPATiRs who issued from
KPATiR destroyed them and established themselves in their place.” Jerem. xlvii. i,
“ IeHOuaH will spoil the Philistines, the remnant of the country of KPATiR.” Amos
ix, 7, “ The Philistines from KPATiR.”
One must employ double-magnifying spectacles to see anything more here than that
Kaphtor was some place whence Philistines came (far, or near, unrevealed) ; but, in
what does all this concern th e '“ Island of Candia” ? Herodotus and Tacitus are
quoted. The fermer merely says, that Creta was occupied by barbarous tribes until
the time of Minos. This citation does not help Caphlorim out .of the mire. The latter
has “ Judoeos, Crelû insulâ profugos, novissima Libyæ insedisse memorant." He speaks
of Jews, driven out of Candia, taking refuge in Libya. What has that incident to do
with “ Philistines from KPATiR ” in Palestine ? Those who fancy that Hitzig or Movers,
spite of their immense learning, and dexterity in placing one Indo-Germanic hypothesis
alongside of another, have mended matters, will be edified, by the perusal of Quatre-
mhre’s critique of both. From it we translate: “ It seems tome probable that the
Kreti inhabited to the south of the country of the Philistines, upon the shores of the
Mediterranean Sea, on the side which looks towards the frontiers of Egypt. And a
passage of Herodotus (iii. 5) comes perfectly in support of my opinion. According to
the Greek historian, ‘ from Phoenicia to the environs of Kadytis [Jerusalem], the
country is inhabited by Syrians, called Palestinians. From Kadytis 'to the town of
Ienusos, the market-places appertain to the Arabs ; thence after, to the Lake Serbonis,
dwell the Syrians.’ This curious passage demonstrates that to the south of the country
of the Philistines there was a coast sufficiently considerable occupied by Arabs. Now,
inasmuch as the passages of the Bible show us these Kreti established in the same districts,
I think they constituted an Arab tribe that the love of gain had fixed upon the
shore of the Mediterranean, that they (the Kretiy had nothing in common either with
the Philistines or with the Cretans.”
Orthodox lexioography encourages a searcher with “ Caphtob. — a sphere, a buckle,
a hand, a palm, doves, or those that seek and inquire.” We do, “ et hinc Rise ïachrymæ.”
The roots Kah-P-TioR might signify “ the-Bull-land” ; but neither these, nor any
others hitherto offered, having furnished a clew to the genesiacal KaPATioR-IM, we
humbly place the name upon our “ Table” coupled with the word "unknown."
Tolney, whose acuteness of perception is beyond all praise, simply says, “ lesKaph-
torim peuvent être les habitans de Gaza.” Wherever may have been their a b o d e in
Palestine during later times, Xth Genesis makes them so many affiliations Of KAoM,
the dark (red) race, through the Egyptians; and consequently points to Barbary for
their origin. Our “ Affiliations of thé MTsRîm ” now arrange themselves as fo llows :
Stock a n d Tongue.- Habitat. Origin.
1 . The LUD,s................... Berber............. . Mauritania............... Barbary.
2. “ AMaN,s............... “ ............. .. Oases, &c.................. “
3. “ LHaB,s................. “ ............. . Libya.................. .
4. “ NiPAaiaTi,s........ “ ........... . .. Mareoticum ...,....... “
5. “ PATiRiS.s ........... 1 ....... .... . Pharusia.................. “
6. “ KSALouKA,$....... V ....... .... .. All N.-W. Africa.... “
7. “ PAiLiSTi,s.......... “ ............. . Palestine............... .
8. “ KaPATioR,s........ -m “ ? .............. <i ....... .......... “ Unknown.”
[All these families of mankind thus re-enter into the grand Gcetulian group of Northwestern
Africa : of which sundry races, through prehistorical migrations, had partially
occupied Palestine in ages anterior to the arrival of the Abrahamidce. The
surpassing accuracy of the ancient compiler of Xth Genesis has now been triumphantly
vindicated from a new quarter; and that which not a man of the ghostly schools,
whence issued his reverence doctor smythe, has ever possessed the knowledge to
expound rationally, herein becomes comprehensible through “ Gliddon, skeptical
views of, — Index, p. 401.” — G. R. G.] 61®
“ And EZNAáíT begat” (Gfen. x. 15.)
. p ’Ü — TsIDlsr — 1 Sidon.’
One especial object of our Section A has been achieved in the preceding pages. It
was, to rescue the maligned “ affiliations of KUS/&,” and the mystified “ affiliations
of the MTsRfcm,” from the sloughs .of despond into which ecclesiastical hands had
plunged them. After fixing the former in Southern Arabia among the dark-red Him-
yantes, and the latter in Barbary among the “ gentes subfusci colorís” of Gcetulian
origin, we can now look down complacently upon the Egyptian alluvium of the Nile —
whether viewed as the true “ Land of KAeM” (the god), divine procreator of the
Egyptian race ; or as the “ Land of EMM,” the swarthy people — as the centre-point,
whither converge the traditions and the anthropological similitudes of Arabian Asia
and of Barbaresque Africa. Our remaining objects will be satisfied by a catalogue of
the other cognomina in Xth Genesis, according to the latest views of archaeological
science; beginning with TsIDoN.
The city of Sidon is the simple meaning of our text; not an individual so christened:
the vicissitudes of whose Sidonian inhabitants, “ skilled in many arts,” often lauded
poetically by Homer, are celebrated prosaically in classic and biblical dictionaries.
Its local name was Shy da when the writer (G. R. G.) sojourned there in 1829 and
1830. Orthodox philology replies to our query, as to the signification of the word —
“ Sidon — hunting, fishing, venison; ” of which heterodoxy can accept but the second
term in this instance; because the Semitic roots of sáyd, “ to chase,” here refer, as
Xrogus Pompeius tells us, to the icthyologic facilities of the locality; “ nam piscem
Phoenices S i d o n vocant.” In ethnic classification Sidon derives prominence from having
once been {firm. x. 19) the easternmost limit of Kanaanitish occupancy; and “ after
many years,” continues Trogus, “ the Philistines of Askalon drove out the Sidonians,
who sought refuge on the rocky islet upon which they founded Tyre.”
From Justin, the epitomizer of Trogus’s lost volumes, we descend to Bochart, and
admire the subdued irony with which he disposes of commentators upon the word
TsIDN,: — “ Quod vir qui in his literis paucos habuit sequales admirationem explicat
vocem T1T¥ Sidon, non sine admiratione legi.” The most recent, and incomparably
the best qualified archéologue who has journeyed “round the Dead Sea and in the Bible
Lands,” is De Saulcy. He remarks on “ Saydah-—This is undoubtedly the HiS&v *6\is
Kai \ifxijv (KXuorbs) of Scylax, the Sidon of Pliny, the 2t<5a>v of Strabo, who places it at
400 stadia from Berytus, the Sidona of Antonine’s Itinerary, the Sydone of Peutinger’s
Table, and, lastly, the Civitas Sidona of the Pilgrim from Bordeaux. It would be quite
useless to argue this identity, which proves itself.”
Conformably to Xth Genesis, KNAAN, parent of Sidon, was an affiliation of H am ,
but, “ according to M. Movers, the Kanaanians, cabled by the Greeks Phoenicians, were
a people that appertained to the Semitic race; of which some tribes,” says he, “ at a
time which preceded the commencement of our history, marched little by little, some
coming from the north, by way of Syria; others, from the south, by way of Arabia;
and, according to all appearances, achieved, after several centuries, their establishment,'
in a permanent manner, in Palestine. Called Kanaanians, from the word Ka-
naan, KNA&N, which means a low land, by opposition to the term Aram, ARM, which