204 COLLECTIONS FEOM MELANESIA.
Shark Bay {H.Al.S. ‘ Herald ’) ; the smaller specimen, which is
referable to the variety I have designated loevimana, is not pitted
at all, and the carapace is granulated only on the posterior part of
the cardiac region, on the elevated parts of the branchial regions,
and on the posterior and postero-lateral margins.
Mr. Haswell records a variety from Port Jackson which has the
carapace ornamented with numerous small circular brown spots. In
the specimens I have examined the carapace is generally uniformly
pinkish or whitish ; but in the largest male from Thursday Island it
is whitish, w ith a few large blotches of brownish pink on the gastric
and branchial regions and posterior margin.
31. Gonatonotus pentagonus.
Gonatonotus pentagonus, Adams ^ White, Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 58
(1847); Zool. H.Al.S. ‘ Samarang,’ Crust, p. 33, pi. vi. ûs. 7
G848); Aliers, Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 29 (1879); Haswell, Proc.
Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 455 (1880) ; Cat. Austr. Crust, p. 38
(1882).
Two very small females are in the collection from Thursday Island,
4 -6 fms. (No. 130), first collection, length little over 3 lines
(7 millim.) ; and a somewhat larger male from tho same locality,
3 -4 tms. (No. 177), second collection. The largest specimen in the
Museum collection, a male from near Billiton Island, in tho Javan
sea, is about 6 lines (nearly 13 millim.) in length. Air. Haswell
records this species from Port Denison ; the typical example of
Adams and AA*hite was from Borneo.
Gonatonotus crassimanus of Haswell is a very nearly allied hut
apparently well-characterized species from Port Jackson, differing,
as its author notes, in its more deeply-cleft rostrum and in other
points.
32. Euxanthus huonii (Lucas).
A male from Clairmont, east coast of Australia, ohtained from a
coral-rcef (No. 151), belongs here.
Mr. Haswell mentions (‘ Catalogue,’ p. 47) its occurrence at Cape
Grenville.
M. Alph. Milne-Edwards remarks * th at Euxanthus sculptilis,
Dana, should perhaps not he distinguished from Eu. huonii. I f the
two species are to be united, Dana’s specific name will, I believe,
have priority ; hut I prefer to regard them for the present as distinct.
In Eu. huonii, as described and figured by A. Alilne-Edwards,
and in the specimen of the ‘A le rt’ collection, the black coloration
of the fingers extends along the outer surface of the palm ; no trace
of this is apparent in Dana’s figure of his Eu. sculptilis, nor in two
specimens in the British-Aluseum coUection, one of which is from
the Philippine Islands and designated, I think, by AI. A. Milne-
Edwards Eu. huonii, the other from Trinity Bay, N.E. Australia ;
both I refer, at least provisionally, to Eu. sculptilis.
* N o u T e lle s Archives d u Muséum, i. p. 291 (1865).
CRUSTACEA. 205
33. Euxanthus tuherculosus. ( P late XIX. fig. A.)
Carapace transverse, moderately convex, everywhere covered with
numerous closely-set rounded tubercles, which in the adult are
themselves distinctly puuctulated ; similar tubercles cover the outer
surface of the wrist and palm of the chelipedes and the posterior
surface of the ambulatory leg s; the cervical suture and the suture
defining the anterior part of the mesogastric lobe are deep and weU
defined; the tubercles are smallest, but yet distinct, on the cardiac
and intestinal regions and posterior and postero-lateral margins ; the
frontal margin is divided by a rather deep median notch ; the anterolateral
margins are divided into four rounded tuberculated lobes,
the first of which is often scarcely distinguishable. The parts of the
body immediately below the antero-lateral margins are granulated,
bnt the rest of the inferior surface is nearly smooth, the sternum
and postabdomen rather coarsely punctulated ; the basal antennal
joint enters (in the adult) well within the inner orbital hiatus ; the
merus-joint of the outer maxillipedes is transverse and much shorter
than the preceding joint. The chelipedes are ro b u st; the merus or
arm short, and tuberculated at its upper and distal extremity ; wrist
and palm (as stated above) closely tuberculated on their upper and
outer surfaces, the tubercles, even in the adult, somewhat conical
and acute ; inner margin of the palm having some small granules;
fingers shorter than the palm, denticulated on their inner margins,
and having between them when closed scarcely any hiatus ; mobile
finger .granulated above at base ; both fingers obtuse and rounded at
apex, or (in tho smaller examples especially) eveu somewhat excavated.
The fourth to sixth joints of the ambulatory legs are compressed,
tuberculated; the tubercles (of the superior margin
especially) high, conical, and a cu te ; the dactyli are small, slender,
armed with small subspiniform granules, and pubescent distaUy, with
a small naked terminal claw. Length of the largest adult example
(from which the description is taken) 11 lines (23 millim.), greatest
width nearly 1 inch 4 lines (33 millim.).
Of this species, an apparently adult hut not full-sized male
and female are in the second collection from Thursday Island
(No. 167), ohtained on the beach; a young male from the same
locality (No. 177), and another young example from AVarrior
Reef, Torres Straits, 10 fms. (no. 137). There are in the British-
Museum collection a male from N. Australia (Dr. J. B . Elsey),
and an adult male from the Australian seas without definite locality,
from which the description and figure are taken (Dr. J . S.
Bowerbanh). The coloration varies in the different examples, all
of which are preserved in s p ir it: the two specimens which have
been longest in the collection are a chocolate-brown ; the two largest
specimens in the ‘ Alert ’ collection (No. 167) are of a deep purplish
red, and the two smallest of a bright orange hue.
As the basal antennal joint enters well within the inner orbital
hiatus (see fig. a), this species must, 1 think, be referred to the
genus Euxanthus, from all the species of which genus known to me
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