l U COVELLIA.
smooth; stylo rather short, lateral; stigma largo, discoid. Fortilc foraalc flowers iinknown.
Matiu'c receptacles not seen.
B o r n e o , — ¿ J c c c a r z (Herb. Bccc. No. 857).
The very densely fasciculate, glabrous, recoptacles are distinctiv-e of this species.
PLATE U9.—i ' . condeusa, King. 1, apex of leafy branch; 2 & 3, fascicles of immatm-e
receptacles from branches; 4, a single immatm-e reeeijtaiile; 5, apex of the same; 0, banal
bracts; 7 stipules—all of natural she; 8, young male tiower ; 9, old male tiowor; 10 & 11,
gall tiowers: enlarged
IteccpfaHes in the axils of the leaves, or hi faHciclcH from- the
stem or lar{/er bratiches; the leaves alternate or oiyxmsite.
1:38. Ficus FISTULOSA, Reinw. in Bl. Jiijd. 470; Kiirz Fl. Brit. Bunnah ii.
4-^9 {in part).—F. suh-oppusita, Jliq. [sub Covellia)^ PL Jungh. GO; Choix.
des Plantes de Buitenzorg, tab. xv. ; Fl Ind Bat. i. pt. 2 327; Suppl.
17o, 435.—-F. gemiuifolia, Miq. iu Zoll. Syst. Verz. p. 93; Fl Intl.
Bat. i. pt. 2. 313.—i'. tcrKjerensis, Miq. in Ann. Mus, LugJ. Bat. iii.
•>'d*i.— Covellia tuberculata, Miq. in Zoll. Syst. Verz, 94, 99; Fl. Ind.
Bat. i. pt. 2. im.-F. diphnlla, Wall. Cat. No 4543.-/''. IIuUciLii,
King MSd.
A small tree or shrub; tho young slioots with a few stiff, adpressed hair.s, especially
at the swollen annular nodes, otherwise glabroas. Leaves alternate or o|Dpositc, petiolate,
membranous or sub-coriaceous, ovate-lanceolate, obovate-lanceolate, oblong or elliptic,
sometimes inequilateral; the apex acute or shortly acuminate; tho edges entire, rarely
remotely sub-serrate; the base rounded or narrowed, sonietimes unequal, 3-nerved;
primary lateral nerves 4 to 7 pairs, spreading, rather proniinent and coloured beneath, as
are the secondary nerves and reticulations; both surfaces quite glabrous, the lower
raiuutely tuberculate; length of blade 3'0 to 7 and oven 10 in.; petioles often slightly
unequal on the same plant, -o in. to 1-5 in. long; stipules ovate-lanceolate, scarious, -5 to
•75 in. long. Receptacles pedunculate, axillary, in ]>airs or solitary, or in small fascicles
from tubercles on the larger branches below the leaves or from the main stem ; when )'oungsometimes
sub-pp-iform; when mature, depressed-globose, glabrous, about -6 in. in diameter
(occasionally nearly 1 in.), sometimes verrucose and constricted into a short stalk at
the base ; umbilical scales numerous ; basal bracts 3, small, ovatc-acute; podancle proper -¿.T in.
to 1-5 in. in the receptacles borne on the stem. Male flowers few just under the ostiole,
the perianth of 2 or 3 concave, much imbricated pieces which tightly embrace the single
stamen; filament rather long, thick. Gall flowers without any evident perianth, or with
a very short, hyaline, gamophyllous perianth, which surrounds the base of the pedicel of
the ovary; ovary ovoid, smooth; the style short, sub-terminal; stigma iufundibulifonn.
Fertile femalo flowers sub-sessile or pedicellate; perianth as in the gall flowers; achene
obliquely obovoid, minutely tuberculate ; style as long as the achene, lateral; stigma cyliuchic.
The Malayan Archipelago and Peninsula, Burmah, Chittagong, and Khasi llills.
Tliis is a widely distributed spccies and, as might therefore be expected, it presents
consideraljle variations in form. In some individuals the receptaclcs are all axillary and
shortly pedunculate; in. others they are all in fasciclcs on the stem and older branches, and
long pedunculate, and the latter as a rule contain only fertile female flowers. As rogard.s the
covering of both the gall and the fertile female flowers, there is want of unifurniity; some
COVKLLI.v. 115
being without any apparoit perianth, while others have a very short, hyaline, gamophyllous
perianth which surrrouuds tho base of the stalk of the ovary. Tho leaves also ]n'csfnt some
variety both iu form and texture. The form which is very connnon about Singajjorc, and
which "Wallich issued as No. 4543 of his catalogue under tlie name of F. diphnUa, has
lanceolate, suddenly acuminate leaves. Tho leaves of mo.st of the fornis arc membranous iu
texture; but in Sumatra and Western Java there occurs a form with small sub-coriaceous
leaves, to which Miquel gave the name F. tengermsis: the leaves of this last are also
sometimes serrate.
I have carefully examined the types of all the .species which I have reduced here, and
I have dissected about forty of their receptaclcs. I have compared these with Keinwardt's
ty])e specimen of F. Jisiulosa in the Leiden Herbarium, aud I see no reason for keeping any
one of them distinct from Keinwardt's species.
PLATE 150.—F. Jistulosa, Reinw. (stem-fruiting form). 1, apex of a leafy branch ; 2 leaf
with much naiTOwcd base (from another ¡¡lant); 3, a fascicle of matm-e recci)tacles; i-, apex of
receptacdc; 5, stipules—aZ^ of natural size; 6, pedicellate fertile female flower, with short
gamophyllous perianth; 7, sub-scssilc fertile female without apparent perianth: enlarged.
PL^ITE 151.—F. fisMosa, Reinw. (form with axillaiy receirtaclos). 1, apex of a fniitingbraneli
of the form called F. diphjlla by Wallich; 2, leaf of another form with more numerous
primary lateral nerves and less acuminate apex ; 3, receptacles from stem below the leaves
—of naHiral sise; 4 & 5, male flowers with the pcriauth opened out; 6, gall flower
with short gamophyllous pcriauth; 7 & 8, pedicellate gall flowers without apparent periantli;
9 & 10, fertile female flowers with perianth; 11 & 12, fertile female flowers without
perianth;
139. Ficus s^MOC.u?PA, Miq. Ann. Mus. Lugd Bui. iii. 232, 296—/'. prjrrhocarpa,
Km-z For. Flora Brit. Burmah ii. 457 ; Brandis For. Flora, 424.—
F.- tuberculata, Wall. Cat. 4539 (not of Uoxh.}.-? F squamosa, Ro'xb., and
F. laminosa, Hardw., Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 531.
A low, spreading shrub; the young branches aud petioles densely but deciduously
hn-sute. Leaves opposite, crowded, thickly membranous, petiolate, narrowly lanceolate or
oblanccolate, with acuminate apex and entire edges; the base very gradually narrowed
to the petiole, S-nerved; lateral primary nerves about 6 to S paii-s; secondary nerves and
reticulations fine but distinct., and with the midi-ib minutely strigose on the lower siu-face
when young, often becoming glabrescent when adult; the rest of the lower sm-face glabrous
smooth, or scabrid from numerous minute white tubercles (rarely hispid-puberulous) • upper
sm-face smooth (rarely scabrid); length of blade 3 in. to 9 in.; petioles -3 to -9 in Ion«.-
stipules persistent, scarious, in pairs, ovate-acuminate, glabrous, with a line of haii-s alonthe
midrib externally, from -3 to -6 in. long. Receptacles pedunculate, solitary in the axifs
0Í leaves or of falleii leaves, or on short, leafless branches from the old wood, sub-globose
constricted at the base, with a prominent, large-bracted umbilicus, and a few ¿abrou¡
bracts m-egrilarly scattered on their sides; tomentose-hispid, verrucose, 8- or 10-ribbed
peduncle 2 in. to -G m. long, pubescent. Male flowers with a perianth of thi-ee or four
pieces the single anther ovate or obovate. Gall perianth hyaline, closely applied to the
i T a i r T ' T st i g n . tubular. Fertile female flowers with'periantb like
the galls, the achene rhomboid, hairy, with very long, filamentous, han-y style.
BOT. GAKD. CALC. TOL. I.