of botli garaophyllous, divided above iuto live or sis segments, pedicollate; male with one
stamen, the anther large, broadly ovate. Fertile female flowers in smaller receptacles and
on different plants from the former, sessile; the perianth campanulate, with five narrow, unequal
teeth ; the achene oroid, slightly papillose; tlie style sub-terminal, elongate; stigma cylindi-ic-
On the lower slopes of the Himalayas, from the Sutlej valley eastward to Bhotau; in the
Khasiand Biu-mese Hills, at elevations of from 1,000 to il.,500 f t . ; also in Jialaeca,~in^a.
Two forms of receptacle occur in this species: the large obovate, clavate, smooth or
wTinkled ; and the ovoid or sub-globular, scabrid, often wrinkled rcceptacle. The former
is the receptacle of typical F. clavita, Wall; the latter is that of F. caudaia, Wall.,
F. trachijc«rj}a, Miq., and probably of F. chincha, Roxb.
There is no absolute sexual relation between the external form and tlie contents of
the two lands of receptacle which occur in this species, but, so far as I have observed,
the large obovoid clavate receptacles invariably contain male and gall flowers; and the
males are not confined to a zone near the mouth, but arc to be found at all parts of the
interior of the receptacle. Of the small ovoid or sub-globular receptacles, on the other
luind, some ai-e exclusively filled yvith. fertile female flowers, while others (lilcc the laro-e
clavate receptacles) contain males and gall flowers mixed together. °
PLATE 111.—P. davata, Wall. A Ijqwcal fonn, with large clavate rcceptacIcs—0/
nafdiral size. 1, male flower with one stamen; 2, gall flower: enlarged.
foi'ni "^th globular receptaclcs. 3, apex of receptacle; 4, base of the same-
3, of natural size; 6, perianth of fertile female flower; 7, fertile achene : enlarged.'
102. FICUS CUSPIDATA, Beinw. in Bl. Bijd. 464 ; Miq. in Lond. Journ. Bot. vii.
429; FI. Ind. Bat i. pt. 2. 30?. t. 19; Am. J/ws. Zirgd Bat. ili.
274, 292.—F. icnuiramis, Kunth et Bouché Ind. Sem, Hort. Berol.
21 ; Jliq. Lond. Jom-n. Bot. vii. 432.—J'. angusiifoUa, Bl. Bijd. 463.—
?F.fallax, Miq. FI. Ind. Bat, i. pt. 2 308; Miq. in Ann. Mus. W d
Bat. iii. 292.
A small tree or shrub, never scandent or creeping; tlie branches very thin. Leaves
fhort-petiolate, membranous, sub-coriaceous, lanceolate-elliptic (or naiTowly oblong in var.
simiata), sometimes inequilateral, more or less gradually tapering at the apex to a very
long, straight, linear acumen; edges entire (sinuate in var. sinuata^, often revolute • base
3-nerved, acute, or acuminate; lateral primary nerves C to 8 pairs, alaiost exactly at right
angles to the midi-ib, prominent; reticulations minute, distinct; both surfaces glabrous, the
upper sliining, tlie lower pale dull, minutely punctate, slightly sub-scabrid ; length 3 to
5'5 in.; petioles -15 in. to •2-5 in., sometimes slightly scurfy; stipules much convolute
subulute, -25 to -35 in. long. Receptacles in fascicles in the axils of the leaves, sessile or
short-pedunculate, ovoid, umbonate or sub-globoao, slightly scabrous, reddish wlien ripe,
and about '15 to '2 in, long, without basal bracts; peduncles from -05 to 'lo in. lonoslender,
neai-ly glabrous, with, a large, nearly glabrous, bract about the midiUe and several
at the base. Male flowers numerous, the perianth of 3 or 4 lanceolate hyaiine jneces ;
stamen 1 (.sometimes 2), short, broad, nearly sessile. Gall flowers witli perianth of 3
liiieai-lanceolate pieces ; the ovary stipitate, ovoid, .smooth, with .short lateral style. Fertile
female flowers with perianth of 2 or 3 hyaline pieccs ; achene clliiDsoid, emarginate on
one side, with a hyaline edge at the opposite side; style lateral; stigma dilated.
Java and Sumatra, from 2,000 to 5,000 ft.
Closely allied to F. rostrata, Lamk., but with the primary lateral nerves more horizontal,
the figs smaller and more ovoid, and the branchlets thinner. This species apparently ia
never climbing or creeping. Zollinger (quoted by Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 274)
describes this as a large tree. Forbes and other collectors say it is a small tree or bush.
VAR. SINUATA. Leaves larger than typical form, narrowly oblong, the margins
sinuate or lobcd.
Pcrak,—King's Collector, 7256.
This variety appears in several collections under the name F. variabilis, Miq., and I
have seen specimens so named by Miqucl's own hand. But this docs not in the least agree
with his own description of bis species variabilis (Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pt. 2. 310). In Ann.
Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 292 (sub No. 235) Miquel reduces F. renitens to variabilis. But his
description of F. renitens (Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pt. 2. 316) shows renitens to be notliing like this,
but to be variabilis, Wall. This j^lant has therefore been erroneously named variabilis,
Miq. by Miquel himself.
PLATK 112.—A, branch of F. cuspidata, Reinw., with matiure receptaclcs; B, twig of a
form with broader, more suddenly caudate-acuminate leaves; C, leaf of var. sinuala. 1,
receptacle; 2, apex of the same; 3, stipule—all of natural size; 4, male flower; 5, gall
flower ; 6, fertile female flower; 7, perfect achenc from fertile female flower : all enlarged.
103. Ficus SlKKiMENsis, Miq. Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 225, 292.—.f. cauduia, Herb.
Ind. Or. Hook. fil. and T. Thoms. (non Wall.).—s a l i a f o l i a , Miq. (non
alior.) Lond. Joui'n Bot. vii. 431; Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 292.
A small tree with pendulous branches, sometimes epiphytal; the young branches, petioles,
and receptacles pubei-ulous, ultimately all parts glabrous. Leaves membranous, shortly
petiolate. sometimes slightly inequilateral, oblong-elliptic, lanceolate or oblanceolate, suddenly
narrowed at the apex iuto a short, rather blunt acumen; edges quite entire, gi-adually narrowed
to the acute or acuminate sub-3-nerved base; lateral primary nerves 5 to 6 pairs, and
like the midi-ib, pale and prominent beneath; lower surface paler than the upper, minutely
pmictulate; length of blade 2-5 to 5 in.; petioles rather thick, succulent (scm-fy when
dry), from -2 to -3 in. long; stipules linear-subulate, from a broad base, convolute, curved,
diverging fi-om the axils, about as long as, or occasionally twice as long as, the petioles.
Receptacles shortly pedunculate, soHtaiy, or in pairs or fascicles of 3 to 4 from short
axillary tuberclcs, globose or ovoid-globose, slightly mammillate, smooth, but with a few
elongated whitish warts, and near the apex an occasional whitish scale; basal bracts none;
when ripe reddish in colour and about -35 in. across; peduncles about -1 in. long, with
a few minute bracts near the middle or at the base. Male flowers with a hyaline perianth
of 3 pieccs and a single stamen; the anther ovoid, the filament having a process at
its base. Gall flowers mth an ovoid shining achene and short, tubular, lateral style.
Fertile female flowers in different receptacles from the males, and in different plants; the
perianth hyaline, gamophyllous, with 3 long teeth; achene with hyaline border all round
i t ; style short; stigma cylindi-ic, not tubular.
Forests in the valleys of the Eastern Himalaya and Khasi Hüls, at from 2,000 to
4,000 ft. above the sea.