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b lack sca les. S ta lk s o f v a r io u s a ge s , from undeveloped buds to
weather-beaten fronds, rise from different points a lo n g the root-
stock. T h e y are about one line in diameter, rigid, and perfec tly
terete, thus com ple tely in v a lid a t in g the distinction proposed b y
K e y s e r l in g (see p. 68). T h e sta lk and rachis, wh en you n g, are
covered w ith appressed n a rrow t aw n y -w h i te -s c a le s ; but these
we a r o ff from the s ta lk a s the frond matures. T h e fronds are
three or fo u r times pinnate ; the p r im a ry pinnæ either opposite or
alternate, and ra th er c lo se ly placed ; the secondary, tertia ry , and
qu a tern a ry pinnæ, and the ultima te segm ents, u su a lly crowded.
T h e ultimate pinnules, i f terminal o r so li ta r y a long the upper part
o f the te rtia ry ra chises, are roundish-ova te, half a line long, and
marked b y a s l ig h t depression on the upper sur fa ce at the b a s e ;
but the low e r lateral segm en ts are p e rfec tly round, and o n ly one-
third o f a line lo n g and broad, fia ttish -co n v ex above, concave and
w ith n a r row ly recurved m a rg in s beneath. T h e scales, wh ich
completely hide the under su r fa ce o f the frond, are a t first ne ar ly
pure white, but become taw n y a s the frond matures, so that, when
the frond is fu lly developed, th e y are o f a rich cinnamon-brown.
In shape th ey a re o v ate-acumina te, w ith a cordate base, and are
e leg an tly fr in ged w ith cu r v in g cilia, e sp ec ia lly near the base, and
sp a r in g ly from the sur fa ce also. T h e s ca les are o n ly h a lf as
la rg e a s those o f C. Fen d ler i, and are composed o f much more
tortuous cells. T h i s fern m a y prove, in the end, to be o n ly a form
o f C. myriophylla ; but that species is w o o lly as well a s s ca ly , and
the sca les are la rg e r and not so c lo se ly imbricated a s in the fern
here described.
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Plate X II., Fig. 2.— Cheilanthes Clevelandii. A plant with two
fronds, one showing the upper and one the under surface. In the middle
of the plate are three magnified views of a fragment composed of seven of
the ultimate segments or pinnules. The upper one represents the under
surface, covered with scales; the middle one, the same with the scales
removed ; and the lower one, the upper surface of the same fragment. To
the right are given, at the bottom, a scale from the root-stock; and, above
it, a scale from the under surface of the frond.
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