enormous boulders; a rude stone hut stood near it,
where I halted for a few minutes at 1 p .m ., when the
temperature was 42°.
Following the stream, I soon came to an immense
moraine, which blocked up the valley, formed of
angular boulders, some of which were fifty feet high.
On cresting this a stupendous scene presented itself.
A gulf of moraines, and enormous ridges of débris, lay
at my feet, girdled by an amphitheatre of snow-clad
peaks, rising to 17,000 or 18,000 feet. Black scarped
precipices rose on every side ; deep snow-beds and blue
glaciers rolled down every gulley, converging in the
hollow below ; and from each transporting its own
materials, there ensued a complication of moraines,
that presented no order to the eye. In spite of their
mutual interference, however, each had raised a ridge
of débris or moraine parallel to itself.
We could make no further progress ; the pass lay at
the distance of several hours' march, up a valley to the
north, down which the glacier must have rolled that
had deposited this great moraine : it had been
closed since October, being very lofty, and the head
of this valley was far more snowy than that at Wal-
lanchoon. We halted in the snow from 3 to 4 p .m .,
during which time I again took angles and observations
; the height of this spot, called Pabuk, is 16,038
feet, whence the pass is probably considerably over
17,000 feet, for there was a steep ascent beyond our
position. The sun sank at 3 p .m ., and the thermometer
immediately fell from 35° to 31°.
After fixing in my note and sketch books the
principal features of this sublime scene, we returned
down the valley: the distance to our camp being fully
eight miles, night overtook us before we got half-way,
but a two days’ old moon guided us perfectly, a remarkable
instance of the clearness of the atmosphere
KANGLACHEM PASS.
at these great elevations. Lassitude, giddiness, and
headache came on as our exertions increased, and took
away the pleasure I should otherwise have felt in contemplating
the varied phenomena, which seemed to
crowd upon the imagination. Happily I had noted
everything on my way up, and left nothing intentionally
to be done on returning. In making such excursions