244 GOSHAWK.
CHARLES BONAPARTE and M. TEMMINCK; but, after due consideration,
I cannot help thinking these birds the same.
The figure of the adult was drawn at Henderson, in Kentucky, many
years ago. That of the young bird was taken from a specimen shot in
the Great Pine Forest in Pennsylvania.
FALCO PALUMBARIUS, Linn. Syst. Nat. vol. i. p. 130.—Lath. Ind. Ornith. vol. i. p. 2 9 .
—Ch. Bonaparte, Synops. of Birds of the United States, p. 28.
ACCIPITER (ASTUR) PALUMBARIUS, Swains, and Bichards, Fauna JBor. Americ. part ii.
p. 39.
ASH-COLOURED or BLACK-CAPPED HAWK, FALCO ATRICAPILLUS, Wils. Amer. Ornith.
vol. vi. p. 80. pi. 5 . Fig. 3.—AMERICAN GOSHAWK, Nuttall, Manual, part i. p. 85.
Adult Male. Plate CXLI. Fig. 1.
Bill short, nearly as deep as broad at the base, the tip trigonal, very
acute and decurved ; upper mandible with the dorsal outline convex from
the base, the ridge rounded, the sides convex, the edges acute, overlapping,
and slightly festooned; lower mandible a little deflected towards
the tip, which is broadly rounded. Head large, neck short, body robust.
Legs longish, the tibia long, the tarsus rounded, anteriorly scutellate,
scaly on the sides, tubercular and scabrous beneath ; the fore-toes with a
slight web at the base ; claws roundish, curved, extremely acute, that of
the inner toe as large as the claw of the hind one.
Plumage compact. Wings reaching to the middle of the tail, the
fourth quill longest, the first and eighth equal. Tail long, nearly even,
of twelve broad feathers. Tarsus feathered more than one-third down.
Bill black, light blue at the base; cere greenish-yellow; eye-brow
greenish-blue. Iris reddish-orange. Feet yellow. The general colour
of the upper parts is dark ash-grey; the upper part of the head and the
ear-coverts are greyish-black; a broad line of white over each eye; a central
line on each feather black, as is the case with those of the neck and
back; under parts greyish-white; the sides and abdomen tinged with
brown ; fore-neck longitudinally marked with blackish-brown streaks ; the
breast, sides, and belly transversely barred with blackish-grey, and longitudinally
lined with black; tail with five broad bands of brownishblack,
the terminal band much broader; the extreme tips whitish.
Length 24 inches, extent of wings 47. Weight 2£ lb.
GOSHAWK. 245
Young Male. Plate CXLI. Fig. %
Bill as in the adult. Iris light-yellow. Feet greenish-yellow. The general
colour of the upper parts is light reddish-brown, largely spotted
with brownish-black ; on the upper part of the head, the margins of thé
feathers are brownish-red, and the black predominates; a broad band of
white over each eye. Quills lightish-brown, barred with a darker colour;
tail brownish-grey, banded with brownish-black; ear-coverts brownish,
streaked with black, as is the throat; fore-neck and breast pale reddishbrown,
the former marked with small oblong spots of dark brown, the
latter with large ovate, acuminate spots of a deeper tint; the shafts black;
the short tarsal feathers similarly spotted.
Length 2 1 ^ inches; extent of wings 46.
The Female agrees with the Male in external appearance, but is considerably
larger.
STANLEY HAWK. FALCO STANLEII, Audub.
An Adult Female and a Young Male of this species have been represented
in Plate XXXVI. of my American Birds, and the figure of an
Adult Male is here introduced, for the purpose of being compared with
the Goshawk. The form is the same in both, and in the colouring of the
upper parts there is little difference; but the size is much less, and the
breast is marked with light-brown arrow-shaped spots, and large irregular
transverse bars, differing greatly from the markings of the Goshawk.
Other differences are perceptible, especially in the colour of the earcoverts
; but as this specimen has been described at page 189 of the first
volume, and as a glance at the figures in the plate will convey more in-
;elligence than words could do, it is quite unnecessary to say more here.