ATLAS OF AUSTRALIA—1S86.
«ilj-, ^im ong which may lie meutioued copper, bismuth, cobalt,
The raihvny line to Goolwa aud the Victorian border
lately to the south of it. Population, 05.
iiuall mining tonuship between the South Pai-a
River and Sandy Creek, about 2,=) miles uorth-nortli-east from
Adelaide. The country around is auriferous, the workings being of
au allu\-ial cliaracter. Population of gold-fields, 1,1310.
BEACHPORT.—Beadiport is situated iiear the shore of
Rivoli Bay, on » series of undulations, a shoi-t distance north-oast
froiu Cape Martin. The sun'ouuding country is, to a large ext-ent,
pastoral in character. It forms tlie terminus of the Mount Ganjbier
and Bivoli Bay Eailway Line, and is the outlet for the produce of a
large district. The extent of its trade may be gathered from the
following statistics of the value of the iiuports and exports over a
period of five years:—
isso ii,s4: en,WW
The liai-boiir is eonmodious and safe, being sheltered from s toms
by the headlnDd of which Cape Martin is the extremity, aud Penguin
Island. To the north stretclies out the large sheet of water known
as Lake Geoi-ge. The town, though of comparatively recent oi-igin,
is rapidly increasing in importance. Population, 247.
BELTANA.—Ou the '^Va^ioota Creek, a small stream flowing
into Lake Torrens on it« eastern side, and distant uorth, from Port
Augusta, about 14!3 miles. The district is a pastoral one. Large
deposits of copper have been found in the vicinity. The railway line
to Hergott Springs and the country to the west of Lake Eyre passes
through it, and furnishes means of commiinioatiou with Adelaide.
The rainfall in this part of the colony is of an untertain character,
being less than 10 inches annually. Population, 301.
BELVIDERE.—About 0 miles north-east from Freeling, between
the Light and North Para Rivers. The sim-ounding settlers
ai-e engaged in agricultui-e, reai-ing stock, and shee|)-farming. The
soil is well suited to the growth of wheat, of which large (|uantities
are produced annually. Population, 53.
B L A N C H E T O W N . - t i i i the right bank of the Murray River,
about 25 miles south-south-west from Morgan, aud 70 miles northeast,
in a dii-ect line, fi-om Adelaide. The country around is
occupied for ¡¡astoi-al pui-poses. Population, 53.
BLETCHLEY.—Near the right bant of the ]3remer Biver,
about r, miles uorth-east from Sti-athalbyn. The district is an agricultural
one, the principal products being cereals. Population of
district, 350.
B I . I N M A N . — A mining township, situated near the culminating
line of the Flinders Range, and at the head .of the Kurilkina Creek,
about 110 miles, in a direct line, north-east from Port Augusta. The
surrounding couuti-y is occupied, to some extent, for pastoral purposes,
but the settlement has arisen chiefly in connection mth copper-mining.
Copper ore, found in the neighbourhood, is noted for its richness.
The Koi'thern Railway Line passes about 10 miles to the west of it.
Population, 172.
BITTMBERG.—Oil the left bank of the River Ton-ens, about
2S miles east-north-east from Adelaide. The settlers in the vicinity
are engaged, for the most part, in agriculture and dairy-farming.
The bark of the wattle tree, which is here numerous, is a prominent
product of the district. The sun'ounding country is, to some extent,
gold-bearing. The rapid extension of the wheat-growing industry
has led to the establishment of a tlour-iuill in the township. Popu-
B I i Y T H . - B l y t h is situated about 30 miles, in a sti-aiglit line,
north-east from Port Wakefield, and lies at an elevation of about 638
feet above the level of the sea. The district is, to a large extent,
agricultural in character, the settlers being engaged, for the most
part, in the production of wheat and other cereals. A branch line
from Balaklava connects it with the railway system of the colony.
Population, 100.
BOOXERO.—I'll a small creek of the same name, about l(j
miles west from the Black Rock Railway Station. Wheat-gi'owing
is the princijjal industry of the auri-ounding settlers. Population
of district, about 700.
B O R D E R TOWN.—Border Town has received its name on
account of its close proximity to the western boundary of Victoria,
the distance between the settlement and the adjoining colony being a
little over 10 miles. It i.s situated near the source of the Tutiara
Creek, about 03 miles inland, in a straight line from Lacepede Bay,
nd has railwa,
inication with the coast at this point, and alsr
Hth Adelaide.
argo <1
in the district, and the vine is found to flourish. Situated on the
direct railway route between the capitals of South Australia and
Victoria, this township is likely, in the future, to assume a position of
considerable importance. Population, 200.
BRAiariELD.—lli:iiiiH,.ld is situated near the coast, about 8
miles inland from Cape Finniss. Tl.e district is both agricultural and
pastoral in character, Population, 81.
B R I D G E W A T E R . — X o a r the right bank of the Oukaparinga
River, about 12 miles, in a sti-aight line, south-east from Adelaide.
The land is fertile, and is occupied for agricultural and gardening
purposes, a ready and convenient market for the various ¡jroducts of
the soil being found in the metropolis. Extensive deposits of copper
occur in the neighbourhood. The railway line to Naime and the
Victorian border passes immediately to the uorth of the township.
Population, 98.
B U L L ' S CREEK. - -A postal township near the source of the
Angas River, about 0 miles west-north-west from Strathalbyu
Railway Station. This settlement has arisen in connection mth the
cultivation of the soil. Population, 142.
CALLIirGTOlir.—On the right bauk of the Bremer River, a
short distance above its confluence with Moimt Barker Creek, and
distant about il miles south-east from Nairne. The surrounding
district is settled upon for agricultural purposes, wheat and
barley being the chief products, Copper ocelli's iu the neighbourhood.
The railway line to the Victorian border passes through it, and
connects it with the metropolis. Population, 148.
C A L T O W I E . - I 'alt. .vvi,. 13 a township of some importance, on the
branch railway line which connects Petei-sburgh with Port Pii-ie, and
lies about 28 miles inland fe-om the eastei-n shore of Spencer Gulf, The
sun-ounding conntiy is level, but possesses considerable elevation,
being over 1,200 feet above the sea. This tableland forms part of
the western slope of the Flinders Range, which attains its culminating
line some distance to the east. The district is essentially an agricultural
one, large quantities of wheat being produced annually. It
forms a centi'al depot in connection with the wheat-growing industry.
Population, 838.
CARRIETON.—Situated near the railway line to Port Augusta
aud Hergott Springs, about 175 miles, in a direct line, north from
Adelaide. It lies about -10 miles east from the head of Sjiencer Golf,
aud possesses an elevation of over 1,500 feet above the level of the
aea. The district is both agricidtui-al and pastoral, the principal
pi-oducts of the soil being wheat aud hay. Population, 120.
C H A R L E S T O N . — A small township on the upper watera of
the Onkapai-inga River, about 18 miles east, in a straight line, from
Adelaide. The district is an agi-icultui-al one, and ranks as one of the
early settlements of the colony. Among the-products are wheat, hay,
aud potatoes. A large amount of dairy-farming is carried on in the
neighboui-hood, a I'oady aud convenient market being available in the
metropolis. The almond, olive, and ^-ine flourish. Situated on the
we.stei-n slope of the Mount Lofty Range, it possesses an elevation of
over 1,000 feet above the level of the sea. The mean annual rainfall
amounts to about 33 inches. Population, 50.
C H E R R Y GARDENS.—A postal township, situated on
the Chen'y Gardens Creek, about 12 miles south-east from
Adelaide. The district is agricultural in character. Population,
under 50.
CLARE.-Clai-e is situated on the Hut River, about 11 miles
west from Farrell's Flat Railway Station, aud about 7() miles north
fi'oni Adelaide. The country around is
Jupied. for • agricultural i
pastoi-al purposes. Being the commerc
d centre of a large distr
the township is one of some importn
e. Wool, wheat, onts, f
barley are among the principal prodnc
, Local industry is rep
sented by establishments for the raanr
cture of agricultural imp
ments, a tannei-y, aud fruit-jjreserving works. The average ann
rainfall is about 2 P inches. Population, 1,131.
C L A R E N D O N . -1 m the right bank of the Onkaparinga Riv
itry,
about 14 miles south-east from Adelaide. The surrounding couc
which is of I
I undulating chamotei-, is settled chiefly for
agricultui-al purposes, wheat and other cereab aud potatoes being the
princijml products. Rearing stock also receives some attention The
vine flourishes in the vicinity, and wine-making is an established
industry. The picturesriue scenery found nniid hills and dales, and
on the banks of the Onkaparinga aud its tributary streams, inakes the
locality a favourite place of resort. Tlie mean annual rainfall is about
81 inches. Population, 123.
CLINTON.—Situated on the western shore of St. Vincent
Gulf, about 7 miles from the head of that inlet. The district,
which includes the n])})er portion of Yorke's Peninsula, is a pastoral
SOUTH AUSTRALIA,
COLLINSPIELD.—.Vbout 12 miles north from Suowtown
liflilway Station, and about 17 miles.inland from the eastern shore
of Spencer Gulf. The district is both agricultural and pastoral.
Po[nilation, uudev 50.
CONCORDIA,—This township is situated near the left bank
of the Gawler River, about i miles north-east from Gawler Railway
Station, and 2(5 miles north-north-east from Adelaide. The country
around is settled upon for agricultural purposes, Populatiou, 133,
CRADOCK.—SitiKiird about 2a miles uorth from Carrieton
Railway Station, and about 226 miles north fi-om Adelaide, in the
midst of a district settled upon both for agricultural and pastoral
purposes. The chief products of the soil are wheat and hay.
Population, 58.
CRAPERS.—Ci-afers, a small postal township, lies about 2i
miles south from Mount Lofty, and is distant, south-east from
Adelaide, about 10 miles. The railway line to Nairne and the
Victorian border passes immediately to the south of it. The countiy
around is the scene of a'considerable amount of settlement. Fruit
and vegetables are produced in large quantities, and find a ready
market in the metropolis. The situation is a pleasing one; from
Mount Lofty, in the immediate vicinity, the view is extensive and
varied. In clear weather, the range of vision not only includes the
Adelaide plains for miiny miles around, but reaches far beyond the
eastern shore-line of St, Vincent Gulf. Crafer.s possesses an elevation
of over 1,600 feet above the level of the sea, and enjoys a genial and
bracing climate. Population, 96.
C R Y S T A L BROOK.—(In the railway line to Port Pirie,
about 210 miles north from Adelaide. The distance, in a direct line,
is considerably less. It lies about 18 miles inland from the eastern
shore of Spencer Gulf, and fonns the commercial centi'e of a large
agricultural district. Wieat and hay are the principal products of
the surrounding country. Population, 496,
C D R R A M U L K A . - A post-al township in Yorke's Peninsula,
nearly n
and the ; Gulf, it lies Í
Gulf
Adelaide. The
staple product.
1 Balaklavi
id way between the
westei'D shore of Si
.miles west-north-west, in a direct line
district is chiefly agricultural, wheat b
Population, 62.
DALKEY.—Situated about 4 miles !
Railway Station, and about 22 miles east from the head of St. Vincent
Gulf. The country around is settled upon for agricultural and
pastoral purposes. Grooving wheat and rearing stock are the principal
industries of the locality. Population, 50.
DAVEYSTON.—About 12 miles north-east from Gawler, aud
36 miles north-east from Adelaide. The disti'ict is an agricultural
one. Population, 94.
DUBLIN.—Near the source c
Creek, about 36 miles north-north--
inland from the eastern shore-line o
is both au agricultural aud pastoral
wheat, oats, barley, and hay. Popu
DtTTTON.—On Pine Creek, a
Railway Station, and 50 miles northsmall
stream called Baker
; from Adelaide, and 5 mih
t. Vincent Guif. The distri^
. The principal products ai
on, under 50.
t 13 miles east from Kapuuc
; from Adelaide. Tl
settlement has arisen in eonuection with the cultivation of the soil.
The staple products of the district are cereals and hay. The nlmond,
olive, and grape flourish. Population. 83.
ECHUNGA.—This town is situated about 4 miles from the left
bank of the Onkaparinga River, and is distant, south-east from
Adelaide, about IS miles. The settlement, which arose originally in
connection with mini
cultivation of the sc
principal products an
the neighbourhood, but the alluvial wc
chnrooter. Quart/, reefs occiu',hav
Silver, lend, and diamonds are among t
the vicinity. Much of the country .
covered with scrub. Communication with the metropolis is by wav
of the Aldgate Railway Station. Populatiou, 14-t.
IW maintained, to
land is only niodemtely fertile ; the
nd potatoes. Gold has been found in
lluvial workings are of a very limited
, and have been worked to some extent.
wsists of low hills
E D E N VALLEY.—On the Irklen Creek, about 11 miles soutt
from Angaston, and 3'i miles, iu a direct line, north-east froiu
Adelaide, The district is both agricultural and pastoral, Popu-
E D I T H B U R G H . — A watering township, pleasantly situated
a the western shore of St, Vincent Gulf, about 50 raiies -iveat-southest
from Adelaide- Tliis portion of Yorke's Peninsula is identified
ith both pastoral and agricultural pui-siiiti, the principal products
eing wool aud wheat- There is regular oommunication by steamer
ith the metropolis. The mean annual rainfall amounts to about 17
iches. Population, 234.
E N C O U N T E R BAY.-TLis town.ship is situated on the
western shore of the large inlet of the same name, near the mouth of
the Inman River, opposite Granite Island, and lies about 45 miles
south, in a straight line, fi'om. Adelaide, The district is, to a large
extent, an agricultural one. Population, 233.
E U D U N D A . - O i . the railway line to Moi-gan, about 68 miles
north-east from Adelaide, Wlieat-growing is the principal industry
of the disti'ict. It lies at an elevation of about 1,350 feet above the
level of the sea. Population, 197.
BURELIA.—On the Northern Railway Line, about 189 miles
ind 4 t fi'om
north from Adelaide,
Gulf. The surroundii
F R E E L I N G . — F .
district, is distant nort
most
9 head of Spencer
itii-ely pastoral in
>r 50.
the commeroial centre of a large
.h-en»t from Adelaide about 37 miles,
o extent in the surrounding
Growing wheat is carried on to a very large ex
counti'y, I'he almond, olive, and grape groi
line to Kapunda and Morgan passes through it, and furnishes re
means of communication witli the metropolis. Population, 137.
readily. The railway
GAMBIERTON.—Gambiertou lies on the northei-n slope o
Mount Gam bier, near its base, and is distant north from Poi'
MacDonnell about 16 miles. The suri'ounding country is uudoubtedle
of the ile portioi le colony, and is
large amount of settlement. The soil is of volcanic origin, and
suited to general agriculture. Wheat, oats, barley, hay, and potatoes
are among the products of the district- The various fmits of a
temperate climate grow- luxuriantly. The slopes and valleys are well
grassed, and afford abundant
Mou ; Gam
653 feet above the level of the se
immediately to the south of the towi
volcanic activity in the past. It is
an area of about 165 acres, with a d
and is doubtless either a crater, ov
sidenco of the land. There are sev
the town, and prominent among the
is a hospital. The prosperity of t
the industrial entei-prisc centring in
foundry, and coach
and Beachport
about 31 inches, Po]
GAWLER.—(I:
flocks and herds.
10, nnd reaches an elevation of
,- Tlie Bhie Lake, which lies
, is also regarded as evidence of
, small sheet of water, including
pth varying from 80 to 300 feet,
the effect of an estensive sub-
•ral fine substantial buildings in
nstitutions of a public cliaracter
:e jilace is largely increased by
fc. There are several flour-mills,
to Rivoli Bay
:s it with the coast, and fui-nishes the
ion, 2,403,
of
The 1
of St,
lud yields large c of whea
annually. The progress of the settlement is, it
, due to this fact. Rearing stock and sheep-fa
ely engaged in. A successful attempt has also bee
ise the ostrich. A considerable area has been pla
ainfall ¡
I made to
ited with
lie, nnd wine-iuakiug has become established. Industrial enter-
;5 represented iu the town by engineering works, coach-building
isbments, foundries, sawmills, flour-mills, and cordial inanuitaius,
factorii
E\'ideii
in the immediate vicinity, contain
old, silver, copper, and lead. Little has,
rds the development of these resources,
wuount of commercial activity are here
the town II position, in the future, of
buildings present a fine
ornamental. The North
the metropolis.
I'he Bai'ossa Moi
•rals, including;
f a considerable
manifest, and betoken for
increasing importance. Many <
appearance, being both substant
Railway Line passes through it,
The mean annual rainfall is about
G E O R G E TOWN.—N,
moorandie Creek, a tributary o
south from the Gladstone Rail
east, in a direct line, from Poi
of the and extendin
Population, i,811
r the right bank of the Yackathe
Broughton River, about 7 miles
ay Stotiou, aud 26 miles cost-southlow
range, lying to t
between the Yackamoorandie a
the immediate vicinity is of a
considerable amount of settlemi
Bundaleer Creeks. The ci
wheat are grown annual
the year is about 17 inch
GLADSTONE.—<
Broughtou River, about
Port Pirie. The districi
products 1
some extei
od very fert-ile. A
, and large crops of
district thi'oughoiit
has taken place
rainfall of the
Population, 266-
he left bank of a small tributai'y of the
ibout 22 miles inland, in a straight line, from
strict is both agricultural and pastoral, the st-aple
eals and wool. Tho surrounding country is, to
il-beariug, gold having been found in connection
A branch line from Peteraburgh to Port Pirie passes