from their pure and airy habitats, are liable to suffer—that of
suffocation from too close confinement.
The species, like others of similar habit, may ho increased by
dirision of the crowns.
The varieties of this land of Spleenwort are not numerous ; the
following only, which are not very strongly marked, are known
to us :—
1. multifidum (Woll.). This is bifidly or multifidly divided
towards the apex of the frond, and is rather more lax than the
normal state of the species. It is almost as frequent in some
localities as the normal form, and suh-pormanent under cultivation.
We have it in a characteristic state from—Yorkshire: Settle,
A. Clapham. Westmoreland : Whitbarrow, R. Morris. Carnar-
vonshiro : Llanberris, J)r. Allchin.
2. bipinnatum (Clowes). The pinnæ of this variety are deeply
incised, very much as in Asplenium Trichomanes incisum. It was
found on Whitbarrow, in Westmoreland, by Mr. I. Iludhart, in 1853,
and -was in the possession of Mr. Clowes, of Windermere.
3. incisum (M.). This form seems to he generally of free growth,
the specimens being from six to nine inches high. The pinnæ are
ohlong or trapeziform, and the margin is deeply cut into bluntish
teeth, instead of being crenated, as in the more characteristic form
of the species. It is probably a not uncommon form, as we have
seen it from various localities :—Carnarvonshire, J. Atkins ; Crosby
Eavensworth, R. Clarke; Whitbarrow, R. Morris; Drummond
Hill, Perthshire, C. MTntosh.
4. aoutifolium (Gibs.). The pinnæ of this form, which was found
by the late Mr. S. Gibson, are lanceolate and acute, according to
Mr. Newman, whose brief account is aU we know of it.
THE ETJE-LEAVBD SPLEENWORT, or WALL RUE.
ASPLENIUM RUTA-MURARIA.
A. fronds deltoid, bi-tri-pinnate ; pinnules obovate, or rhomhoidal,
wedge-shaped and entire at the base, acute rounded or truncate and
toothed at the apex ; sori linear, crowded, central : indusium crenn-
late. [Plate LXXYIII.]
A s p l e n iu m E u t a -m u e a e ia , Lm nm is , Sp. Plant. 1541. Boltrni, Fzl. B n t. 28,
t 16. SmUh, Eng. Bot. iii. t. 150 ; Id ., Eng. FI. 2 ed. iv. 296. Hooker,
Gext. Fil. t. 30. Hooker A Arnott, Brit. FI. 7 ed. 588. BaUngton, Man.
B r it Bot. 4 ed, 426. Deakin, Florigr. Brit. iv. 75, fig. 1696. Bentham,
Handb. Brit. FI. 633. Zowe, Nat. Hist. Ferns, v. t. 27. Nemman, Hist.
Brit. Ferns, 2 ed. 261. Moore, Handh. Brit. Ferns, 3 ed. 188 ; Id ., Ferns
o f Gt Brit. Nature Printed, t. 41 -A ; Id ., In d . F il. 163. Sowerby, Ferns o f
Gt. Brit. 65, t. 82. Willdenow, Sp. Plant, v. 341. Sehkuhr, Krypt. Gew.
75, t. 80 b. Sprengel, Syst. Veg. iv. 88 (excl. syn. Kitaibel). Presl, Tent.
Pterid. 108. U n k , F il. Sp. 97. Fée, Gen. Fil. 190. Gray, Bot. North.
United States, 627. Koch, Syn. 2 ed. 983. Frios, Sum. Veg. 82. Ledebour
FI Boss iv. 520. FI. Dan. t. 190. Svensk Bot. t. 306. Mettenius, Fil.
Hort. Bot. U p s. 77 ; Id ., Aspl. 143. Heufler, Aspl. Europ. 95. Nyman,
Syll. FI. Eur. 432.
A s p l e n iu m M a t t h io l i , Gasparrini, Notiti, piante Dumn. 2 ; Id ., Guss. I I . bw.
Syn. 663.
A s p l e n iu m m u e a l b , Bernhardi, Sehrad. Journ. Bot. 1 7 9 9 , i. 3 1 2 ; 1 8 0 1 , i- 1®-
Salisbury, Prod. 4 0 3 . Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. PI. ii. 1 4 . Stokes, Bot. Mat.
Med. iv . 6 1 0 .
A s p l e n iu m m u e o e u m , Lamarck, FI. Franç. i. 28.
A s p l e n iu m PYOMÆUM, U n n cm s fll.
Ad ia n t u m p y g m æ u m , Unnmus MS. in Herb.
ACEOSTICHUM E u t a -m u e a e ia , Lamarck, Illu str. t. 865, fig. 1.
A m e s iu m R u t a -m u e a e ia , Newman, Hist. B rit. Ferns, 2 ed. 10 ; 3 ed. 254 ; Id .,
Phytol. 1851, App. vüi.
P h y l l i t is R u t a -m u e a e ia , Moench, Method. 724.
S C O L O P E N D K IU M K u T A -M U E A E iA , Both, FI. Germ. i i i . 5 2 .
T a e a c h ia R u t a -m u e a e ia , Presl, Epim. Bot. 81.
Caudex short, tufted, scaly. Scales small, very dark brown,
narrow lanceolate, striato-reticulate. Fibres numerous, dark-
coloured, wiry, branched.
Vernation oiroinate.
Stipes as long as, or longer than the frond, smooth, dark purple at
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