354 GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL WORDS.
crenulate : finely crenate ; th a t is, divided
into little crenels or convex teeth.
crinite : hair-scaly ; having long weak
hair-like scales.
cristate : crested ; bearing a tu ft or crest of
curly segments.
cucullate : hooded, or hollowed out to resemble
a hood.
cuneate : wedge-shaped, inversely narrow-
ti'iangular, or narrowed downw'ards
from a broad base.
davallioid: having a resemblance to Davallia.
decompound: consisting of many p a rts ;
applied to quadripinnate and other
very much divided fronds.
decumbent : spreading, reclining, or having
a horizontal direction, with a tendency
to ascend at the point.
decurrent : prolonged down the axis below
the part where attached.
deflexed : bent downwards.
deltoid : triangular in outline, like the
Greek delta,
dentate : notched in a scolloped manner
forming acute teeth, with concave
interspaces.
denticulate : having fine or small teeth.
depauperated : impoverished ; applied to an
imperfect or contracted development.
dichotomous : a tvro-forked mode of ramification.
dimidiate : halved or one-sided ; applied
when one half of the organ seems to be
suppressed, or very much reduced.
_ ' s ; ^ of two forms ; usually applied
to ferns in which the sterile and fertile
fronds have a distinct character.
diplazioid : having a resemblance to Di-
plazium.
distichous : two-ranked ; arranged in two
opposite rows.
. divaricate : spread out a t a wide angle.
dorsal: growing from th e back ; applied to
ferns in which the sori are borne on the
back of the frond.
dorsiferous : bearing sori behind, or on
the under surface.
ebeneous: smooth, black, ebony-like.
echinate : spiny, like a hedgehog.
.• growing internally, or by accretion
from within.
epidermal: of, or belonging to the epidermis
or skin.
epiphytal: growing on other plants.
erose: irregularly notched a t the margin,
as if nibbled or bitten.
exannulate: ringless; applied to those ferns
in whicb the spore-cases have no ring.
excurrent: running out or projected outwards.
exogenous: growing externally, or by accretion
from without.
extrorse-marginal: turned or directed outwards
from the margin.
fa lc a te : sickle-shaped.
; having a mealy surface.
: a bundle or collection of any.
organs, growing from a common point.
fe rruginous: rusty or rust-coloured.
fimb ria te: fringed a t the margin with
longish narrow fringe-like processes,
fan-shaped, spread out flat like
a fan.
.• wavy or zig-zag in direction.
fo rn ica te : arched or vaulted over.
f r e e : d istin c t; applied to veins th a t are
not united a t their apices.
f r o n d : the whole of the leaf-like development
from the stem, including stipes
(stalk) and lamina (leafy part).
fugac ious: perishing rapidly.
fu s ifo rm : spindle-shaped; tapering to each
end.
glamdular: bearing glands.
collected into a close head or
heads.
resembling the genus Grammitis.
granulate : having a rough surface as if
strewed with little granules.
gymnogrammoid: resembling the genus
Gymnogramma.
g y ra te : same as circinate.
hamate: hooked or curved a t the end.
hastate: halberd-shaped; furnished a t the
base with two divergent lobes.
hemitelioid: having a resemblance to He-
mitelia.
hippocrepiform: shaped like a horse-shoe.
imbricate: overlapping like the tiles of a roof.
immersed: sunk in a depression of the
surface.
impari-pinnate: pinnate, but having an
odd or single leaflet a t the end.
i: furnished with an indusium.
indusium-like; usually applied
to the attenuated margin of the
frond, when it becomes membranaceous
aud recurved.
in d u s ium : the membrane which in some
ferns lies over or covers the sorus while
young.
in tramarginal: placed within the margin.
involúcrate: having an involucre.
involuo'C: an investing membrane lying beneath
instead of over the spore-cases.
.• having a prominent ridge, like the
eel of a boat.
GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL WORDS. 355
(ii
slashed or cut into iiTegular
narrow taper-pointed lobes or segments.
lamina : the leafy portion or blade of the
frond.
lanaie : having a woolly surface.
lenticular: having a form like th a t of a
double convex lens.
lohate: notched into deep divisions or
lobes.
lobules: little lobes; usually applied to
the secondary divisions of a doubly
pinnatifid frond.
marattiaceous: belonging to, and represented
by the family Marattia.
marchantiform: Marchantia-like, th a t is,
scale-like, lying flat on the surface of
the ground.
marginate: applied among ferns to the
production of an excurrent membrane
on the surface of the frond, which generally
forms a kind of double margin.
m ed ia l: in the middle ; applied when the
receptacle is situated between the base
and apex of the vein.
multifid: many-cleft; cut into many segments.
multifid-cnsped : cut into many segments,
which are spread out, and curly.
mucronate: having a short hardened point.
mvs’icate: roughish with small raised
points.
muriculate: finely muricate; covered with
smaller raised points.
n a k e d : coverless; applied to those ferns
where the sorus is without indusium or
involucre.
node : the point on a stem a t which a leaf
or frond is developed.
inversely egg-shaped.
vu„ ¿mws; consisting of few spore-cases;
the opposite of polycarpous; applied
when the sorus is composed of a comparatively
small number of capsules.
'oglossaceous: belonging to, and represented
by the family or genus Ophioovoid;
approaching to oval or egg-shaped.
pa lma te: spread out flat in a hand-shaped
form.
vieulate : compoundly branched so as to
resemble a panicle.
nllose: bearing papill® or little te a tlike
projections from_ the surface. _
enchym: the spheroidal cellular tissue
of plants.
p a ten t: spreading a t an angle of about 45°.
pectinate : comb-shaped ; split into narrow
close even segments.
: palmate, with the two outer • or
lateral lobes divided towards their
pedicellate : stalked ; same as petiolate.
peltate: shield-like ; roundish with a central
attacbment.
persistent : enduring ; the opposite of
fugacious.
petiolate : furnished with little stalks or
petioles ; when they are very short,
the diminutive term petiolidate is
sometimes used.
pilose : hairy.
pinnce : the divisions of a pinnate frond.
pin/nate : completely once divided, the
parts being distinctly separated,
pinnate-pinnatifid : once pinnate, and
then pinnatifid.
pinnatifid : partially once divided, the
parts heing connected a t the base.
pinnules : little pinnæ ; the divisions of a
pinna when quite distinct ; when there
is more than one series, the first are
primary pinnules, the next secondary,
and so on.
little pinnules ; the same as
secondary pinnules.
llidia : tbe mother-cells produced on
the germ-frond of ferns which give rise
to the embryo and axis of growth.
pleurenchym : the elongated or woody tissue
of plants.
pUcate : folded up straight.
polycarpous: consistingof many spore-cases;
applied when the sori are large, and
th e spore-cases very numerous.
belonging to, and represented
by the family or genus Polypodium.
having some resemblance to
Polypodium.
proseachym : a peculiar form of cellular
tissue, in which the cells have acute
extremities.
prothallus : the germ-frond of a fern.
pruinose : covered with a fine secretion
forming a bloom similar to th a t seen
on many fruits.
pulverulous : powdery, covered with meallike
dust.
punctiform : dot-like, forming distinct round
or roundish heaps ; applied to the sori.
quadrate : square, four-sided.
quadripinnate: four times pinnate.
quadripinnatifid : four times pinnatifid.
rachis : the main ribs of the fronds, connecting
the separate parts.
rachiform : reduced to the form of a rib or
rachis.
receptacle : th a t point of the frond to which
the sorus is affixed.
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