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C H A P. III.
JuJlification o f Peter the Great fo r transferring the fea t o f
\ empire from Mofcow to St. Peteriburgh.— Defcr.iption of
the new metropolis.— Its foundation and progre/s. Circumference
and population.— Inundations o f the Neva.__
Remar kableflood in the year 1 7 7 7 .— Bridge o f pontoons.—
‘ Plan for abridge o f a fingle arch acrofs th£ Neva.— Coloflal
•Jlatue -ef Peter the Great.— Account o f the pedejla'l, and o f
.its .conveyance to Peteriburgh.-—General obfervations on
the weather at St. Peteriburgh during the winter o f 17 78 . !
— Precautions againjl the cold.— Diverjions and winter
Jcenes upon the Neva.— Ice-hills.— Annual fa ir upon its
frozen furface.
C A I N T Peteriburgh is fituated in the latitude of 59' 56" c h a p .
» J 23'" north, and longitude 30' 25" eaft, from the
firft meridian of Greenwich. It Hands upon the Neva, near
die Gulf o f Finland, and is built partly upon fome iilands in
the mouth of that river, and partly upon the continent. Its
principal divifions are as follow: 1. The Admiralty quarter ;
2. The Vaffili Oftrof * ; 3. The fbrtrefs ; 4. The Ifland of
St. Peteriburgh; and 3. The various fuburbs, called the
fuburbs of Livonia, of Mofcow, of Alexander Neviki, and
of Wiburgh. Their peculiar fituation, with refpeit to each
other, will be better explained by the annexed plan of the
town, than by the moft elaborate defcription.
Peter the Gi ¿at has incurred conii’derable cenfure for transferring
the feat of empire from Mofcow to Peteriburgh: it has
been urged, with fome degree of plaufibiiity, that-he was. in
* -Oftrof fignifies Ifland.
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