F E L I S LYNX.
TH E E U R O P E A N R E D LY NX .
FELIS LYNX, Linn. Syst. Nat. (17 6 6 ) vol. i. p. 62. sp. 7 (partim).—End. Syst. Regn. Anim. (1 7 7 7 ) p. 525. sp. 15.—Schreb. Säugeth. (1778)
Th. iii. p. 408. t. cix.—Gmel. S yst. Nat. (1788) vol. i. pt. i. p. 81. sp. 7.—Desm. Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. (1816) p. 106.—Id. Mamm. (1820)
p. 224. no. 345, pi. 97. fig. 3.—Cuv. Ossem. Foss. (18 2 5 ) vol. iv. p. 441.—Temm. Mon.. Mamm. (1 8 2 7 ) vol. i. p. 111.—Less. Man.
Mamm. (1 8 2 7 ) p. 183. sp. 486.—Fisch. Syn. Mamm. (1 8 2 9 ) p . 210. sp. 29.—Fall. Zoog. Rosso-Asiat. (18 3 1 ) vol. i. p. 28.—Jard. Nat.
Libr vol. xvi. p. 262. pi. xxxiv.—Less. Compl. Buff. (1 8 3 9 ) vol. i. p. 411.—-Blainv. Ost6ol. (1839—64) vol. ii. Atl. pis. iii., xiv.—Keyserl.
& Bias. Wirbelth. Europ. (1 8 4 0 ) p. 62.—Less. Nouv. Tab. Reign. Anim. (18 4 2 ) p. 56. sp. 546.—Blyth, Joum. Asiat. Soc. Beng. (1842)
vol. xi. pt. ii. p. 745.—Nils. Skand. Faun. Mamm. (18 4 6 ) pp. 122, 126.—Gerv. Hist. Nat. Mamm. (1855) p. 93.—Keyserl. & Bias.
Naturg. Säugeth. Deutsch. (1857) p. 172.—Clerm. Quad. Eur. (1859) p. 70.—Giebel, Landw. Zool. (1869) p. 44.—Lilljeb. Sver. Norg.
Ryggrad. (1874) p. 478.—Danf. & Alst. Proc. Zool. Soc. (18 7 7 ) p. 273.
FELIS LUPULINA, Thunb. Denkschr. Münch, t. ix. p. 187.—Less. Compl. Buff. (1839) p. 411.—Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. (1867) p. 276. sp. 2.—
Id. Cat. Cam. Mamm. (1869) p. 57. sp. 2.
FELIS VULPINUS, Thunb. Denkschr. Münch, t ix. p. 189.—Less. Compl. Buff. (1839) vol. i. p. 411.
FELIS BOREALIS, Keyserl. & Bias. Wirbelth. Europ. (1840) p. 63.
FELIS VIRGATA, Nilss. Ilium. Fig. till Skan. Faun. pis. 3, 4.—Id. Skan. Faun. (1846) p. 126, Mamm.—Lillej. Sverig. Norg. Ryggrad. (1874)
p. 479.
LYNCUS VULGARIS, J. E. Gray, Cat. Hodg. Coll. Mamm. Birds Nepal & Thibet (18 4 6 ) p. 7.
FELIS ISABELLINA, Blyth, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. (1 8 4 7 ) vol. xvi. pt. ii. p. 1178—Id. Proc. Zool. Soc. (1863) p. 186. sp. 21.—Blanf. Proc.
Zool. Soc. (1 8 7 6 ) p. 633.
LYNCHUS LYNX, Severtz. Rev. Mag. Zool. (1 8 5 8 ) p. 385.
FELIS BOREALIS, Clerm. Quad. Eur. (1 8 5 9 ) p. 69.—Murray, Geogr. Distr. Mamm. (1866) p. 101.
LYNCUS ISABELLINUS, J. E. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. (1867) p. 276.—Id. Cat. Cam. Mamm. (1869) p. 38. sp. 5.
LYNCHUS.BOREALIS, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. (1867) p. 2 7 6—Id. Cat. Cara. Mamm. (1869) p. 37. sp. 1.
FELIS FAGESII, A. Milne-Edw. MS.
H a b . Norway and Sweden; wilder parts of Germany, Poland, and Hungary; rare in Switzerland and in France; more
numerous in Russia, and common in the Caucasus. In Italy, Temminck states, it is found as far south as
Naples. Asia Minor? ( D a n f o r d ) . Thibetan plateau ( B l a n f o r d ) . Thibet ( B l y t h ) .
Mr. D a n f o r d obtained a fine skin of this animal in Constantinople, which was said to have come from Asia Minor. It
was of a nearly uniform light rufous, with obscure spots on the flanks; the markings on the limbs were hardly
darker than the colour of the back; and the terminal third of the tail was black. It agrees with Blyth’s description of
F. isdbellina, from Thibet; but it does not appear to be any more than a variety of F. lynx.
This is the common lynx of Scandinavia and Western Europe. It is called “ Warglo ” in Sweden, and “ Warg-goupe ”
in Norway. In those northern countries it is found in considerable abundance in . the wooded districts; for, like most of
this group of Cats, the present species is a forest-loving animal, and usually remains in their wildest portions, seldom
venturing into the vicinity of habitations. I t is a solitary creature, seeming to prefer living alone, although occasionally
a pair is met with. Major Lloyd states that the period of gestation of this animal is from eight to nine weeks; and the
kittens are bom about the beginning of May, either in the cavity of a rock or some sheltered situation. The mother is said
to give her whelps living animals, in order to teach them how to kill their prey. The Red Lynx is very destructive, and
slays the young of species of deer, and preys also upon hares, grouse, &c. Sheep, goats, and calves are also killed by him;
and it is said that, if unmolested, whenever he gets among a flock of sheep, he will slaughter them all. He is not known
to feed upon carrion, although I imagine it depends a great deal upon the state of his appetite at the time whether or not
he will touch it. This species will not attack man, unless it is wounded or escape rendered impossible, and when closely
pursued ascends a tree with great agility. When unable to obtain the shelter of a tree or rock, it is said to defend itself
against a dog or other pursuer by lying on its back, and fighting desperately with its claws. In the daytime, according