the felle r from
• the article
fold;
<or, b y the fti -
pulation o f a -
delay in the
delivery o f it-;
■ or, b y the in-
fertion o f an
invalid condition,
“ f a l e , " — -Or, i f a 'perfon fe ll a n y o th e r a r t ic le , on con d ition o f th e
p u r c h a fe r ’ s le n d in g h im a d irrn ( fo r in f t a n c e ,) o r m a k in g h im fom e
p r e fe n t ,— th e fale fo fu fp en d ed on a n y o f th e fe con d ition s is in v alid t
f i r s t , b e c au fe th e fe co n d itio n s are n o t ag r e e ab le to t h e n a tu re o f a
fa le , and are a tten d ed w i t h an ad v a n ta g e to t h e fe lle r . S e c o n d l y ,
b e c au fe t h e p ro p h e t h a s p roh ib ited a fa le On co n d itio n o f a lo a n : and,
t h i r d l y , b e c au fe , i f a n y d im in u tio n b e mad e in th e p r ic e , on a c c
o u n t o f t h e fe rv ic e s o f th e Have, o r th e r e fid e n c e in t h e h o u fe , it
fo l lo w s th a t a c o n t r a ft o f r e n t is in t e rw o v e n in th a t o f f a l e ; or ;i f , -on
th e o th e r h an d , n o d im in u tio n b e m ad e in th e p r ic e on th e fe a c co u n ts ,
it fo l low s th a t a d e ed o f 'lo r n is in t e rw o v e n in .the f a l e ; and b o th o f
th e fe .are ille g a l.
I f a p e r fon f e l l goods on con d ition o f h i s b e in g p e rm it te d to
fu fp en d th e d e l iv e r y fo r a m o n th , th e fa le is in fu c h c a fe in v a lid ,
b e c au fe a fu fp en fion w i th refp ed t to th e d e l iv e r y o f goods w h i c h are
e x ta n t and fp e c ifie is an u n law fu l c on d ition . T h e rea fon o f th is is
th a t a fu fp en fio n in p o in t o f t im e has b e en ord ained b y th e l a w ,
m e r e ly fo r th e p u rp o fe o f e a fe , and is th e r e fo r e o n ly ap p licab le to a
d e b t, in ord e r th a t t h e d eb to r m a y h a v e t im e to c o lled ! th e fum w ith in
th e p re fe r ib ed p e r io d and p a y it a c c o r d in g ly ;— ‘b u t w i th refp ed t to a
th in g a c tu a l ly e x ta n t , ( fu c h as c lo th , fo r in f t a n c e ,) th e r e e a n .b e n o
o c c a fio n fo r fu c h fu fp en fio n .
T h e fale o f a p r e g n a n t Have, w i t h a r e fe rv a tio n . o f t h t fo e tu s in
h e r w om b , is in v a l id ; b e c au fe i t is a g en e ra l ru le th a t n o th in g , th e
fale o f w h i c h b y i t f e l f is il le g a l, c a n b e m ad e an e x c e p tio n to a c o n t
ra s t o f f a l e ; and o f th is n a tu re is a fo e tu s . T h e fa le , th e r e fo r e , is
in v a lid , b e c au fe o f th e in v a l id ity o f, th e c o n d itio n . I t is to b e 'obfe
r v e d th a t a c o n t ra c t o f K itd b a t , o f h ir e , o r o f p a w n a g e , are the
fam e w i th a c o n t ra c t o f fa le , in th is re fp ed t, th a t an in v a lid con d ition
is a m e an s o f in v a lid a t in g th e deed. In th e c a fe o f K itd b a t , h o w e
v e r , t h e in v a lid c o n d itio n m u f t a c tu a l ly e x i f t in th e d e e d ; as w h e n a
p e r fo n
perfon en te rs in to c o v en a n t w i t h h is f la v e to em an c ip a te h im on c o n d
ition o f his g iv in g h im w in e , o r a h o g . I t .i s a lfo to b e o b fe rv ed th a t
in th e c a fe s o f g i f t , a lm s , m a r r ia g e , K h o o la , and c om p o fitio n -for
w i l fu l m u rd e r , th e e x c e p t io n o f t h e foe t u s does, n o t in v a lid a te th e
deed ; o n t h e c o n t r a r y , t h e deed ta k e s p la c e in fu l l ; b u t th e c o n d itio n
is in v alid . In th e fam e m a n n e r , an e x c e p t io n o f t h ç foe t u s d oe s rfot
inv alid a te d le g a c y , fo r in th is c a fe th e e x c e p t io n is a v a lid co n d itio n . '
I f a p e r fon p u r ch a fe c lo th , o n c o n d itio n th a t th e fe lle r few it in to
th e fo rm o f a v e f t on h is a c c o u n t , th e fa le is in fu c h c a fe in v a lid ;
fm c e th is c o n d itio n , befides b e in g , a tten d ed w i t h an ad v a n ta g e to th e
p u r ch a fe r , is n o t a re q u ifite o f th e c o n t ra c t o f fa le . M o r e o v e r , th is
n e c e ffa r ily fu p p o fe s th e im p lic a tio n o f terms-' o f tw o d iffe r e n t c o n t
r a c t s ; th a t is , e ith e r o f f a le an d lo a n , or o f f a le and h ir e .
I f a p e r fon p u r ch a fe on e fh o e f r om a n o th e r , on c o n d itio n th a t th e
fe lle r prepare ts f e llo w to i t o n h is a c c o u n t ,— or p u r ch a fe a p a ir -o f
fhoes -on co n d itio n o f th e fe lle r m a k in g ftrap s to th em , fo r th e p u rp o fe
o f t y in g th em , th e fa le in e ith e r c a f e i s in v a lid .— ( T h e c om p ile r o f th e
H ed d y a rem a rk s th a t , th is is a c c o rd in g to a n a lo g f-, fo r a m o re fa v o u r able
c o n f t r u a io n w o u ld fu g g e f t th a t fu c h fale is la w fu l , o n a c c o u n t
o f its b e in g c u f tom a r y am o n g ft m e n .)
I f a p e r fo n fh o u ld p u r ch a fe an a r t ic le , and ft ip u la te th e p a ym e n t
o f th e p r ic e on th e d a y o f th e n e w y e a r , or o n t h e M ih r jâ n * , o r on
th e f a l l o f th e C h r ijlia n s f , o r t h e d a y o f b r e a k in g le n t am o n g ft ' th e
J e w s , th e fa le , u n d e r fu c h co n d it io n s , is in v a lid , p ro v id ed b o th p arties
be n o t in fo rm e d w i th c e r ta in ty re fp edH ng th o fe p eriod s. T h e fa le ,
t
* This is alfo termed Mirhkân, A feftival obferved by the ancient Pcrfiam on the
day of the autumnal equinox. Eajlcr.
or o f a condition
which
implicates the
fubjett o f
another con•
tr a il ;
or b y a ftipu-
lation o f the
payment o f
the price, at
a period not
precifely
known to
both parties,
VOL . II. M m m h o w e v e r ,