T h e Stipulation
o f a fpe-
cifac tare invalidates
a
fale.
C afe o f a d if.
puteconcern-
in g the tare
o f the veffel
which contained
the
commodity.
fale of the J la v e being in that cafe invalid as' well as that of the
fr e em a n .
R e p l y .— T he fale of the other Have is valid; and the invalidity
.of fale with refpedt to on e does.not affedt the fale of the o th e r -, becaufe
the in v a lid ity , in this inftance, is w e a k , as there is a difference of
opinion regarding it amongft our dodtors; and alfo, becaufe it is
founded on a fufpicion of « fu r y , the effedt of which fufpicion
cannot extend beyond the fu b je E l of fufpicion,. namely, the firft
flave.
If a perfon purchafe oil, on this condition, that it be weighed
with the veflelin which it is. contained, and that a dedqdtion of fifty
r a t h fhall be made on account of the weight of the veffel,. fuch fale is
not valid; whereas, if the condition be, in g e n e r a l terms, that “ a
“ dedudtion fhall be made for the weight of the veffel,” it is valid;—
becaufe the fo rm e r condition is not eflential to the contrail, whereas
the la t te r is eflential.
If a perfon, having purchafed oil in a leathern bag, fhould carry
it away with him, and afterwards return a bag to the feller weighing
ten r a t ls , and the feller affert that “ this is not the bag he had car-
“ ried away with him, as that weighed onlyf i v e r a t l s ;” in this cafe
the averment of the purchafer is to be credited, whether the queftion
of difagreement be confidered as relating to the b a g being different,—
or to the confequent difference it creates with refpedt to the quantity
of oil; becaufe, if the difference be confidered as relating to the id en t
it y o f th e b a g of which the purchafer had taken poffeflion, -M s affer-
tion muft be, credited, fince the word of the pofl'effor is to be credited,
whether he be r e fp o n fib le for the article (as in the cafe of an u fu r p e r )
or merely a c o n fid e n t (as in the cafe of a t r u f ie e ; ) — or if, on the other
hand, the difference be confidered as relating to the q u a n tity o f o il,
this refolves itfelf into a difference with refpedt to the am o u n t o f th e
p r ic e ,
p r ic e , the- fe lle r c la im in g m o re , and th e p u r ch a fe r a c k n o w le d g in g le fs *
th e purch a fe r . is th e r e fo r e th e d e fe n d a n t ; and th e a ffe r tio n o f a de*
fen d an t, u p o n o a th , m u f t b e credited^
If a M u ffu lm a n d e fire a C h r ifiia n e ith e r to p urcha fe : o r f e l l w in e o r
a h o g on his- a c c o u n t , an d th e C h r fiia n a f t a c c o r d in g ly , in th a t -cafe
(a c c o rd in g to H a n e e fa ) fu c h fa le o r p u r ch a fe is v a lid *. b u t an ord er o f
a M u ffu lm a n to -this effedt b e in g in th e h ig h e f t d e g r e e a b om in a b le , h e
is th e re fo r e enjo ined (w h e r e it refpedts t h e f a le o f th o fe a r t ic le s ) to d e v
o te th e p r ic e o b ta in ed fo r th em to th e p o o r .— T h e tw o d ifc ip le s
maintain-tha t th e p u r c h a fe o r fale o f w in e o r a h o g b y a C h r ifiia n -,- on
a c c o u n t o f a M u ffu lm a n , is in v a l id ; (a n d th e fam e d iffe ren c e o f o p in
io n a lfo obtains w ith 'r e fp e d t to th e c a fe o f a M o h r im a p p o in t in g an-
a g e n t fo r th e fa le o f th e g am e h e m a y h a v e c a u g h t , w h e n i t b e c am e 1
u n law fu l fo r h im to- m a k e fu c h fa le .) T h e a r g um e n t o f th e tw o
d ifc ip le s is th a t th e c o n f t itu e n t , as n o t h a v in g h im f e l f t h e p ow e r o f
fellino- or p u r c h a fin g th e fe a r tic le s ; c a n n o t o f c o n fe q u en e e in v e f t
other s w i t h fu c h p o w e r ;-— b e fid e s , as a l l- th e a d t s 'o f an a g e n t r e v e r t
to th e c o n ft itu e n t on w h o fe b e h a l f th e y a re p e r fo rm e d , it is th e re fo r e
th e fam e as i f t h e M u ffu lm a n w e r e h im fe lf to - fe ll o r p u r c h a fe th e fe a r tic
le s , w h ic h w o u ld b e ille g a l: T h e a rg um e n t o f H a n e e fa -\ s th a t theco
n tra E io r ( th a t is , th e p u r c h a fe r o r th e f e l l e r f is , in this* in-ftance, n o
oth e r th an th e a g e n t; — fo r th is re a fo n , th a t h e is- f u l l y em p ow e r e d to
perform th e fe a c t s : th e r e v e r t in g , m o r e o v e r , o f th e p ro p e r ty to th e
c o n ftitu e n t is a n e c e fla r y and un a vo id ab le effedt; and th e re fo r e is n o t
p re v en ted b y h is I fld m -,— in th e fam e m an n e r as th e a r tic le s in q u e ft io n
m a y d e fc en d to a M u ffu lm a n b y in h e r ita n c e ;— ( in o th e r w o rd s , i f a
C h r ifiia n , w h o fe h e ir is a M u ffu lm a n , fh o u ld h im f e l f em b ra c e t h e r e lig
io n o f Ifld m , and a fte rw a rd s d ie , b e fo re re le a fin g h is h o g , o r c o n v
e r t in g h is liq u o r in to v in e g a r , in th a t c a fe t h e y w o u ld d e fc en d to his-
M u ffu lm a n h e i r . )— I t is to b e o b fe r v e d , h o w e v e r , th a t a l th o u g h l l a n
e f a admits th e v a l id ity o f t h e p u r c h a fe o f th e fe a r tic le s b y a C h r fiia t t
a g e n t , o n b e h a l f o f a M u ffu lm a n , f t i l l h e h old s it in c um b e n t o n
th e
A MuJJiilman'
may com-
mifiion a
C hrifiian to -
fell or purchafe
unlawful
articles on'
his account;
and fuch fale
or purchafe,
made b y the
agent, is va--
lid .