a series of moderately elongated grooved tentacles. A small tongue-like process lies in
the pit below the mouth, whilst the lower lip is thick and curved. Ditlevsen describes
the cephalic lobe as provided with a somewhat prominent margin, which has a straight
edge and is beset with eight small rounded papillae.
The body is slightly dilated anteriorly, remains for some distance of nearly the same
diameter, and then gently tapers to the tail. In the preparations the anterior end is
generally curved ventrally so as to resemble a Maldanid, as indeed the firmness, the
ventro-lateral ridges and the posterior segmentation also do. It is rounded dorsally,
flattened ventrally anteriorly, and grooved posteriorly, where the segments are marked
by deep dorsal furrows. Following the buccal are two somewhat narrow segments, each
having a setigerous process, and a glandular ventral scute or belt. Ten scutes follow, the
last separated by an interval. Then the median ventral groove continues to the posterior
end. Ditlevsen mentions that from the second to the fifth bristled segments are rudimentary
ventral processes without armature. The hooks begin on the seventh bristled segment.
Seventeen setigerous processes occur on each side carrying pale golden bristles, and
they are conical when viewed from the dorsum, obliquely truncated at the tip when
viewed laterally. They commence on the third segment. The bristles are in two series—
a longer and a shorter. The former are long, slender, translucent bristles, the free part
being apparently cylindrical to the commencement of the wings, but the shaft is actually
slightly enlarged till it almost reaches the base in the tissues. The tip is comparatively
short, finely tapered, and the wings are distinct. The shorter forms (Plate CXXVI,
fig. 6) have shafts very slightly less than the foregoing, and only their ends project
beyond the skin, the wings commencing at once and dilating into broad expansions,
whilst the short but finely-tapered tip is curved at an angle.
The rows of hooks commence on the seventh setigerous segment, though in one
examined it was on the eighth counting from the first (small) setigerous papilla. The
anterior hooks have, in lateral view, three or four teeth above the main fang (Plate
CXXVI, fig.. 6 a), a posterior outline curved toward the crown, then a hollow, and a
projection above the posterior long ligament. The deep base is convex inferiorly, and
the anterior outline has a process under the main fang. The figure of Malmgren is
incomplete, though it is correct as far as it goes; that of Ssolowiew is not well
finished.
The crowns of the posterior hooks (Plate CXXVI, fig. 6 b) are higher than those in
front, and are more nearly in accordance with Malmgren’s figure, five or six small teeth
being above the main fang, and the posterior basal process is represented only by a short
fragment.
Reproduction.—An example procured in the G-ulf of St. Lawrence in July had well-
developed ova in the coelomic space.
Tube.—The tube is lined by tough secretion, and has externally coarse or fine
grains of sand, minute shells and Foraminifera.
The distribution of this species appears to be extensive, since it occurs on both
shores of the North Atlantic as well as the northern oceans.
A variety with narrow wings to the bristles (Plate CXXVI, fig. 5) was dredged.
Genus CLI.—L e p r e a , Malmgren, 1865.
Beteroterebella, De Quatrefages; Terebella, Hessle.
Cephalic plate with a well-marked dorsal collar which joins the highly arched supra-
oral fold on each side. Ocular points conspicuous. Body typical, with setigerous
processes throughout. Twelve ventral scutes followed by a median glandular stripe.
Branchiae three pairs, the first the largest; each with a short stem, the terminal branches
both dichotomously and pinnately divided. Bristles commence on the fourth segment
and continue to the end of the body, have distinct wings minutely serrated; the tip
after tapering ends in a translucent knife-blade which again diminishes to a fine hair-like
extremity. Setigerous processes closely associated with the ridges for the hooks, which
commence at the first bristle-tuft. Hook has a large main fang and three teeth above it.
Anterior nephridia with long tubes ; the posterior nephridia are shorter and open into a
long canal terminating blindly posteriorly,
1. L e p r e a l a p id a r ia , Linnaeus, 1767 (1754 Kdhler). Plate CXIII, figs. 3 and 3 a body;
Plate CXXVI, figs. 8—8 b—bristles and hook.
Specific Characters.—Cephalic plate produced anteriorly, thin, with eyes behind
dorsal collar. Tentacles pale yellow. Body 30—45 mm. long; 100—124 segments, with
narrow rings and tessellated dorsally in front. Twelve ventral scutes followed by a
deep groove with a median raised line to the tail. Three branchias on the second, third
and fourth segments, first largest, each arising from a short stem which divides dicho-
tomouslv; terminal processes dichotomously and pinnately divided, forming a finely ramose
bush. Setigerous processes with bristles on every segment from the fourth backward.
Small papilla (not always distinct) under each between the fourth and the tenth (eight in
all). Bristles in the anterior segments (11—15) with long, finely striated shafts and
winged tips, at the end of which is a slight spur or thickening followed by a finely
serrated blade which tapers to a hair-like point. The posterior bristles have very slender
shafts, no wings, and the tip appears as if bifid, since the two spurs are longer than in
front and support a serrated web, broad at the base and having no hair-like tip.
Hooks in a single row in front, double row from the eleventh, and again in a single
row posteriorly (about twenty-five to forty segments, Marenzeller).1 Each hook has three
teeth above the main fang. Colour reddish brown, inclining to purplish or violet on the
dorsum. Ventral shields and glandular plates red; tentacles yellowish. Posteriorly the
body is orange or brownish orange.
Synonyms.
1754. Eine neue Art Wasserpolypen, Kahler. Der K. Schwed. Akad. d. Wiss., etc., Aus d. Schwed.
übers, v. Kästaner, Bd. xvi, p. 143, Tab. iii, figs. A—F.
1767. Terebella lapidaria, Linnaeus. Syst, nat., edit, xii, t. i, pt. ii, p. 1092.
1806. „ „ Turton’s Linn., p. 83.
Lo Bianco states hooks commence on the fifth segment.