r
3 I S VANDE^.
Base oi lip usually wiLli a widely fuDne!-
shaped spur (gibbous iu Vaiida nljiina),
glabrous at the mouth, uot compressed,
side lobes l a r g e ; apical lobe fleshy, with
many glabrous carunoled ridges, flowers
large, caudicle of polliQia broad . . . 24. Vunda.
Base of lip with a loug narrow cylindric
or short wide saccate spur, not compressed,
side lobes not present (ia the W.
H i m a l a y a n species) or small; apical lobe
either small aud smooth or large and
carunculate or fimbriate, flowers small,
caudicle of pollinia narrow 25. SaccoMium.
I n t e r i o r of spur occluded by a dorsal scale or
by calli on the front and back walls, but with
no septum 26. Ckisos/owa.
I n t e r i o r of spur with calli and a vertical
septum dividing it into two vertical chambers 27. SarcanS/im.
1 2 . C a l a n t h e L i u d l.
Terrestrial, usually pseudo-bulbous. Pseudo-stems variable in length, often tall, sometimes
absent. Leaves membranous, plaited. Inflorescence usually from the leaf-axils, or
from the side of the stem or pseudo-bulb. Flowers in erect racemes, usually conspicuous.
Bepals sub-equal, usually spreading, rarely connivent. Petals usually narrower than
the sepals. Lip variously attached to the column either to its base or to its whole
length, usually 3-lobed, the apical lobe often bifid, the disk usually lamellate. Column
short, sometimes dilated at the base or apex. Anther usually conical, with an acuminate
Hp, 2-celled. Pollinia 8, waxy, often xinequal, cohering in fours to a granular caudicle
or all of them inserted on a single caudicle and attached to a gland. Capsules ellipsoid,
drooping.—Species about SO, tropical 'or subtropical.
Flowers without a s p u r :—
Sepals and petals green; lip orange-red, its apical lobe
with 3 prominent ridges 1. C. tricarinata.
Flowers lavender-coloured; apical lobe of lip without
ridges piilfula.
Flowers with a very sbort straight conical s p u r :—
L i p attached to whole length of column; flowers small,
sepals and petals chocolate-brown S. C. Mannii.
L i p attached to cohimn for half its length ; flowers large,
dull purple i- C. brevicormi.
Spur as long or nearly as long as the ovary :—
L a t e r a l lobes of lip incumbent on the terminal lobe;
flowers white, the lip w i t h a violet blotch at the base,
spur shorter than the ovary 5. C. aUsmirfoUr,.
L a t e r a l lobes of lip spreading, not incumbent on the
apical one; spur slender as long as the ovary :—
Flowers small, crowded, greenish-yellow . . . 6'. C. pachyslaliz.
Flowers larger, distant, violet-coloured . . . . 7. C. planUtyima.
1. CiLANTHE TiiicARiNATA Liudl. in Wall. Cat. 7339.
Pseudo-hill) 2 to 2'5 cm., broadly ovoid, marked with distinct concentric rings.
Leaves two to four, 2 to 3'8 dm. long and 5 to I'b cm. in breadth, ohianceolate,
acute, usually stalked. Inflorcsceme from the developing pseudo-bulb, sheathed by tho
young leaves, aad rising from the axil of one of them, longer than the adult leaves;
raceme laxly flowered, shorter than the peduncle j rachis and stalked ovaries puberulous.
Flowers 2 to 2*5 cm. across ; hracts about half as long as the ovary with pedicel.
Sepals lanceolate, acuminate, 5—7-nerveJ, green, spreading. Petals clawed, lanceolate,
acuminate, a little smaller than the sepals. Lip adnate to the whole length of the
column, 3-lobed, broadly oblong, decurved, saccate at the base, the mouth of the sac
clothed with long white deflexed hairs; basal lobes suborhicular or obliquely spathulate,
white tinged with orange-red towards their apices; terminal lobe 10 mm. long, orangered,
margins deflexed, much undulate and erose; the disk with a fleshy callus divided into
three prominent crenulate ridges. Column short, thick, anterior surface hispid. Lindi.
Gen. and Sp.': Orch. 18; Fol. Orch. 2; "Walp. Ann. vi, 912; Hook. f. FI. Br. Ind. v,
847; King & Pantl. in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Cale, viii, 166 (excl. t. 223); Collett
Fl. Siml. 49i; Ilolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc, xxxvi, 26. G. occidcntalis Lindi. Fol.
Orch. 3; Walp. Ann. 1. c. 848.
Abundant in the temperate parts of the Westei'n Himalaya from Haz^ra to Kumaoa,
at elevations between 5,000 and 9,000 feet, especially in forests. Flowers April to
June. It extends eastwards to Nepal, and is also found ia China.
PLATE 103. Calanthe tricarinata Lindi.—Inflorescence and one leaf,—of natural size.
Fig. 1, lower portion of plant (reduced); 2, single flower; 3, ditto with sepals and
petals removed ; 4, lip ; 5, column ; 6, anther ; 7, pollinia \—all enlarged.
2. CALANTHE PUBERULA L i u d l . in W a l l . C a t . 7 3 4 2.
Pseudo-hulb small, conical from a broadly ovoid base, about 2-5 cm. long. Leaves
five to seven, very unequal in size, the lower often reduced to sheaths; upper ones
elliptic or elliptic-oblong, acuminate, slightly narrowed to the broad loosely sheathing
base, 10 to 15 cm. long. Infiorescenee luuch longer than the leaves, the peduncle with
many scattered lanceolate acuminate bracts; raceme 7-5 to 15 cm. long, laxly flowered,
the rackis puberulous. Flowers 2'75 cm. across, lavender-coloured, puberulous externally;
bract lanceolate, acuminate, not longer than the stalked ovary. Sepals spreading,
ovate-lanceolate. Petals spreading, narrowly falcate, acute, lip adnate to the base
of the column, 3-lobed, shortly clawed; basal lobes flat, falcately oblong, blunt, with
two narrow calli on the disk between them, their apices pointing forward; termiual lobe
without calli, connected with the basal by a straight narrow isthmus, ovate-orbicular,
apiculate, its edges coarsely erose. Coltwin short, thick. Anther pointed; pollinia 8, davate,
attached in fours to two caudicles and these to a triangular gland. Cfl^istiZe. naiTowIy
elliptic, 3 cm. long. Lindi. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 352; Fol. Orch. 2; Walp. Ann. vi.
912; Hook. f. Fl. Br, Ind. v, 848; King & Paiitl. in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Cale,
viii, 166, t. 224; Collett F!. Siml. 494; Rolfs iu Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxvi, 26.
Blctia sp., Griff. Ic. PI. As. t. 313A.-
Simla Hills; below Nàgkanda, T. Thomson; Chachpur Valley 5-6,000 feet, Duthie
No. 21076; Jauusar, Ommlon; Garhwal, Falconer; Kulai Valley, Duthie; Bok Hill,