178 OPRBXDE^.
PLATE 128. Habecaria digitata Lindl. A plant,—0/ natural the. Fig. 1, front view
of a flower; 2, back view of ditto; 3, side view of ditto, with the peiiantb
removed; 4, column, showing the anther, the pollen tubes and the staminodes; 0.
pollinia ; all enlarged. In the plate the name Saienaria digiiaia has been scored out
in error.
3. HABENAEIA SUSANNA R. Brown Prod. 312.
Height of whole plant 6 to 8 dm. Tubers elongate, 6 to 9 cm. long, Stem
stout with many blunt funnel-shaped sheaths on its lower portion. Leaves mostly
on the middle portion of the stem, 5 to 15 cm. long and 3 to 6 cm. broad,
ovate-oblong, obtuse; the upper ones bract-like, acuminate, imbrícate. Raceme 3 to 5—
flowered floral Iract longer than the ovary, cucullate, acuminate. Flowers sessile,
7 to 10 cm. in diam., white tinged with greenish-yellow, fragrant. Sepals spreadin
«:^, very broad; the dorsal one suborbicular, about 4 cm. in length and breadth;
lateral pair sub-quadrately oblong, obtuse. Petals linear-falcate, acute, thick. Lip
about as long as the sepals, fleshy; side lobes very broad, truncate, deeply pectinate;
midlobe linear, spathulate, with recurved edges. Spur very long, more than twice
the length of the elongate ovary. Anther very broad and large; cells divergent;
tubes long, adnate to the sides of the column; pollinia linear, curved, about as
long as their flexuous caudicles; glmds ovoid, fleshy, white. Staminodes linear,
prominent. Stigmatie processes large, blunt, not projecting; rostellum confluent with
the face of the column.
Royle 111. 367; Elume Biidr. 403; Sook. f. Fl. Br. Ind. vi, 137; Collett. Fl.
Siml. 501. H. gigantea Don Prod. 2 i ; Bot. Mag. t. 3374; Grah, Cat. Bomb. PI.
201. PhianiJiera Susaimee Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 295; Wight Ic. 920; Dalz.
& Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 269; Krazl. Orch. Gen. and Sp. i, 601; Rolfe in Joura. Linn,
Soc, xxxvi (1903), 57. P. gigantea Lindl, in Wall. Cat. 7052. P. rohusta Lindl,
in Wall. Cat. 70:56; Gen. and Sp. Orch. 295. Orchis Susanna Linn. sp. PI. 939.
0. gigantea Smith Esot. Bot. t. 100. 0. altissima Herb. Hara.
Simla Hills below <5,000 feet. Lady Dalhousie, Collett; Siwalik range, Royle;
Mussoorie range below 6,000 feet. Falconer, Mackinnon, Duthie No. 22981 ; Garhwál,
3,000 to 5,000 feet, Dutkie Nos. 1195, 2066 ; Kumaon 5,000 to 6,000 feet, Stracltey
Winierhottom No. 39; near Naini Tal, Colonel Davidson; Kali Valley in E.
Kumaon, Duthie Nos. 3410, 24063. Flowers during September. It occurs in the hilly
districts of Bombay and S. India, also ou the Naga and Khasia Hüls, extending
eastwards to Upper Burma and China.
PLATE 129. Habenaria Susann®, B. Br. Upper portion of plant,—V natural size ;
an entire -plm-i,—reduced in size. Fig. 1, side view of flower, with the sepals and
lateral lobes of lip removed; 2, front view of column; 3, pollinia;—all enlarged.
4. HABESTARIA PECTINATA Don Prod. Fl. Nep. 24.
Height of whole plant up to 3 dm. Stem stout, quadrangular, the angles more
or less winged. Leaves 6 to 8 cm. long and 1-5 to 2 cm. broad, ovate-lanceolate,
acutBrnine, often recurved at the apex, strongly S-nerved. Flowers 2'5 cm. across
HABENAEIA. 179
arranged in a compact secuiid raceme; hracts leaflike, longer than the flowers.
Sepals green, their margins pale; dorsal erect, broadly lanceolate, obtuse, 3-norved;
the lateral pair narrower, spreading, subfalcate, mucronate on the back below the
reflexed tips. Petals forming a hood with the dorsal sepal, falcately oblong, obtuse,
white. Lip longer than the lateral sepals, 3-partite, pure white ; midlobe linear, a
little longer than the deeply pectinate side lobes. Spur longer than the ovary, stout,
funuel-shaped at the base, its apex curving outwards. Anther-cells distant ; pollinia
bipartite, each attached by a short slender caudicle to the flat oval gland, the
caudicles supported by vertical flattened hyaline projections of the rostellum. Stigmatic
processes 4 mm. long, linear-clavate, stout, tilted upwards, grooved along their upper
surfaces. Capsule sessile, fusiform, strongly ribbed. Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 321;
Hook. f. FI. Br. Ind. vi, 137 i^in part); Krnzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi, 193 (in part);
Orch. Gen. and Sp. i, 405 (in part, and excl. var, arietina)-, King & Pantliug in
Ann. R. Bet. Gard- Calc. viii, 310 (in part, and excl. t. 406). Collett FI. Siml. 501.
n. Gerardiana Wall. Cat. 7031. Orchis pectinata Smith Exot. Bot. ii, 77, t. 99.
Chamba district of the Punjab Himalaya at about 4,000 feet, Lace No. 1815;
Simla Hills, Lady Dalhousie, T. Thomson, Collett, etc.; Mussoorie Hills 5,000 to 7,000
feet, Duthie Nos. 527, 21753, Maokinnon; Lansdowne in British Garhwdl 4,000 to 5,000
feet, Roberts; Kumaon between 5,000 and 7,000 feet, Strachey & Winierhottom
No. 45, Colonel Davidson, Duthie Nos. 3409, 24056. Flowers during July and August.
I t extends eastwards to Nepal.
as compared with E. ensifolia. Both these species turn black
rather difficult to distinguish, but wiien fresh they sliotdd not
This is rather a rare
when dried, and are then i
be eonfciinded.
PLATE 130. Habenaria pectinata Don. Portion of plant,—o/ natural size. Fig. 1, front
view of single flower; 2, side view of ditto, with the sepals and petals removed; 3, front
view of column; 4, anther (spread out), showing the stigmatic and rostellar processes; 5,
polliuia;—a^^ enlarged.
5. HABENARIA ENSIFOLIA Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7030.
Tuhers elongate. Stem 6 to 7'5 dm. high, robust, leafy, lower portion beaiing
several long acute tubular sheaths. Leaves distributed chiefly towards the upper portion
of the stem, 7-5 to 15 cm. long, oblong to Hnear-lanceolate, acuminate, amplexicaul at
the base, strongly 3-nerved, diminishing in size upwards. Raoeme 1 to 2 dm. long.
Flowers gi'een, 3'1 to 3'8 cm. across; floral hracts leaflike, linear-lanceolate, acuminate,
much longer than the rather slender and straight ovaries. Sepals unequal, erect, their
tips recurved; dorsal lanceolate; the lateral pair rather wider, subfalcate and acute,
Peiak forming a hood with the dorsal sepal, narrowly and falcately oblong, obtuse or
acute, pale green, ciliolate on their outer marghis. Lip a little longer than the sepals,
3-kibed pale green; margins of side lobes deeply pectinate; midlobe rather shorter,
linear; spur laterally compressed, diluted towards the apex, about as long as the ovary,
sigmoid or genioiilate. Anther-cells divergent, elongate. Pollinia narrowly elliptic,
grooved, their caudicles as long as themselves, slender a'ld curved; glanda minute,
discoid. Stigmatic processes linear, elongate, divergent. Capsule nearly sessile, fusiform,
thickly ribbed. Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 321; Collett FI. Siml. 504, fig. 165;
IS. HOT. BOT. GAIU)., CALC., YOL. IX.