1 7 2 OPHEYDEiE.
1, O r c h i s l a t i f o l i a , L i n n . Sp. PI. 041.
Thihen palmate. Stem 3-9 dm. higli, usually fistular, leafy upwards. Leaves many,
erect, up to 12 cm. loug, oblong liiiear-obloug or lanceolate, tip concave. Spike 2'o
to 15 cm. long, cylindric, denso-flowered, Floiom about I'S cm. from the apex of the
dorsal sepal to the tip of the Hp, purple (occasionally lilac or white); fio'-al hract
lineai'-lanceolate, acuminate, usually much exceeding the flowers. Sepals and petals acute
or obtuse; the lateral pan- of sepals ovate, reflexcd. Lip oblong or rhomboid, entire
crenate or very obtusely 3-lobed, usually spotted with darker purple, sides deflexed; spur
stout, equalling or shorter tlian the ovary, straight or curved. Royle III. 367; Reichb. i.
Fl. Gorm. xiii. t. 50; Boiss. Tl. Or. v, T1; Rook, f. Fl. Br. Ind. vi, 127; Collett
Fl. SunL 499; Krnzl. Orch. Gen. and Sp. i, 146. 0. latifolia 0 indica Liudl. Gen.
and Sp. Orch. 2G0. 0. Eatagirea Don. Prod. 23; Wall. Cat. 7062.
Abundant tliroughout the Western Himalaya at elevations between S,000 and
12,000 feet. Flowers from June to September according to tlie elevation and aspect.
It'extends as far East as Nepal, and westwards from Afghanistan to N. Africa and
Furope; also in N. Asia.
According to LIndley, 0. Eatagirea represents the Indian f o rm of this variable species. It has entirely
the habit of the European 0. latifolia and, like it, produces a smaller-flowered form, which may be compared
t o 0. crucnta. Its Hp is sometimes rounded and not at all lobed, and sometimes slightly S-lobed. It also
varies considerably in the shape of the leaves and in the colour of the flowers. The leaves of the Himalayan
f o rm are usually not at all spotted.
2, Okchis habbnaeioides, King & Pantling in Ann. IÍ. Bot. Gard. Oalc. viii,
302, t. 401.
Height of plant 3 to 5 dm.; tuk/- digitate. Stem clothed at the base with
unequal "tubular siib-acute sheaths. Leaves foui- or five, scattered, sessile, 5 to 12-5 cm.
long, elHptic-oblong to linear-oblong, sub-acute, slightly narrowed to the ratlier long
sheath. Spiie 4 to 12 cm. long, cylindric, densely flowered. Fiomrs about 7 mm.
across, pink or occasionally white; floral bract longer than the cui-ved beaked ovary,
herbaceous. Sepals sub-equal, broadly ovate, pubenilou.s, the dorsal forming a hood
^vith the petals; lateral pair spreading and somewhat reQcxed, acute. Petals shorter
than the sepals rhombic-orbicular, mmutely apiculate. Lip adnate to the base of the
column- the apex broad and with a shallow terminal lobe, the upper surface quite
smooth- spur long as the ovary, laterally compressed, curved and slightly clavate,
nuberulous inside. broad. Anthcr-calh polUnia ohM^M^Xy olliptic-obovate ;
candieles short, without pouches; glands ligulate, truncate. Staminodes large, suborbicular,
ruc^ulose lying on either side of the caudicles. Stigmas united into a narrow transverse
band beUath the opening to the spur. Capsule 1 cm. long, ovate-oblong. Gymnadenia
. ^ W a % a L i n d l . i n W a D . Cat. 7056; Gen. and Sp. Orch. 278; Royle 111 367.
0 OrcJddis and violaeca Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 272. Platanthera Orchd^s Lmdl.
in Wall. Cat. 7039A. Hahenaria Orehidis Hook. f. Fl. Br. Ind. vi, 142, Petsrtylus
Orchdis Krnzl. Orch. Gen. and Sp. i, 515.
Hazara at 11,800 feet, Duthie's collector No. 20192; Kashmir,' Clarke No. 29239;
Liddar Valley in Kashmir 10,000 to 12,000 feet, Dtdhie Nos, 13147, 13185, DiitJm's
colleetor No. 21373; Upper Chenab Valley at 10,000 feet, Baden-Powcll No. 319 ;
Lahnl, Eay; Pangi, iitoliclcsa, Dutkich coUeeior No. 23341 ; Chansil range in Tohri
Garhwal between 12,000 and 13,000 feet, Osmaston (Duthie's No. 24187); Jumna
Valley between 8,000 and 9,000 feet, Diithie No. 625; Kali Valley in N. Kumaon
between 10,000 and 11,000 feet, Diiikie No. 6008; Ralam Valley, Didhie's collector
No. 24120. Flowers during August. It extends castwai-ds to Nepal, Sikkim and Bhutan.
3. O r c h i s Chusua. D o n Prod. Fl. Nep. 23.
Whole plant 1 to 4 dm. high, tuier small, elliptic, entire. Stem with two blunt
tubular sheaths at the base, upper poi-tion above the leaves naked; Leaves 3-5 to 7'5
long, linear-oblong or linear.lanceolote, acute or acuminate, not narrowed to the sheathing
base. Spike 2-5 to 10 cm. long, few- or many-flowered, socund. Flowers purple or white,
10 to 18 mm. across (vei'tically); floral Iract green, lanceolate, acuminate, equalling the
fusiform ovary. Sepals oblong, obtuse; dorsal erect; the lateral pair recm-ved. Petals
broadlj' and obliquely ovoid, their bases truncate. Up longer than the sepals, deeply
3-lobed, the lobes equal, oblong, obtuse, tlie lateral ones diverging; spur stout, cylindric
or clavate, as long as the ovary. Column short. pai-allel; •pollinia ovoid-globose,
slightly narrowed to the long tapering caudiclo; qlands small, each lying in a small
pouch. Staminodes large, ovate, pointed. Stigmas united into a largo concave surface
under the anther-ceUs. Hook, f, Fl. Br. Ind. vi, 127; King & PantHog in Ann. R.
Bot. Gard. Calc. viii, 303, t. 402; Krnzl. Orch. Gen. and Sp. i, 153; Rolfe in Journ.
Linn. Soc. xxxvi (1903), 49. Gymnadenia Chtmui Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7058; Gen. and
Sp. Orch. 280. G. ptihei-ula Lindl, in Wall. Cat. 7059.
Punjab Himalaya, Chamba State, at 11,000 feet, Lace No. 1992; near Mussoorie,
King; Byans in N. Kumaon between 11,000 and 12,000 feet, Duihic No. o998(ff).
Flowers during July and August. It extends eastwards to Nepal, Sikidm, Eastern Tibet
and China,
Laco's Chamba specimens represent a slender form of this fariable species. The leaves are solitary and
Unear-lanoeolate, and the flowers are solitiiry or in pairs. It differs from the type chiefly in the shape of the
lip, the lobes of which are much broader than usual.
I . Orchis Stracheyi Hook. f. Ic. Fl. 2197B; Fl. Br. Ind. vi, 128.
Height of plant 6 to 12 cm. Rhizome without tubers (as in 0. spathulaia).
Leaf solitary, radical, petioled, elliptic or obovate. Soape naked, few-flowered. Floral
braet large, ovate-oblong, obtuse, longer than the ovary. Sepals and petals spreading.
LAp longer the sepals, broadly cuneate, trifid to the middle, the lobes obtuse, spur
equalling or longer than the ovary, incurved, obtuse. Krnzl. Orch. Gen. and Sp. i,
154.
Rogilc in Garhwal between 9,000 and 10,000 feet, Strackeg ^ Winterloiiom (No. 35
Ogmnadeiiia puherula).