Berol., p. 93.— T o r r e y , Fl. New York, ii., p. 493.— K o c h , Syn.
Fl. Germ, et Helv., ed. iii., p. 736.— G r a y , Manual, ed. i., p.
628, cd. ii.. p. 595, ed. V ., p. 662.— METrENius, Fil. Hort. Lips.,
p. 79 ; Asplenium, p. 199.— H o o k e r , Sp. Fil,, iii., p. 2 17 ; Brit.
Ferns, t. 35.— H o o k e r& B a k e r , Syn. Fil., p. 227.— E a to n , in
Chapman’s Flora, p. 593 ; Ferns of the South-West, p. 330.—
D a v e n p o r t, Catal, p. 24.— W illiam s o n , Ferns of Kentucky,
p. 73, t. xxiii ; Fern-Etchings, t. xxvii.
Polypodiuni Filix-foemina, L innæus, Sp. Pl., p. 15 5 1 .
Athyrium F i l ix foemina, R oth, “ Tent P'l. Germ., ii., p. 65.”— P resl, Tent.
Pterid., p. 98,— R uprecht, Dist. Crypt. Vase, in Imp. Ross., p.
4 0 .— N ewm a n , Hist. Brit. Eerns, ed. iii., p. 2 0 8 .— M o o r e , Nat.
Pr. Brit. Ferns, t. x x x— xxxiv.— M i ld e , Fii. Eur. et A t l,
p. 49.
Aspidium Filix-foemina, S w a r t z , in S c h r a d e r s Jo u r n ., 18 0 0 , ii., p. 4 1 ;
S y n . F il, p. 59 . — S c h k u h r , K r y p t . Gew., p . 5 6 , t. 5 8 , 5 9 .—
W il ld en o w , S p . P I , v ., p. 2 7 6 .
Nephroditcm Filix-foemina, Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., p. 268.
Nephrodium asplenioides, Michaux, Fl. Bor-Am., ii., p. 268.
Aspidium asplenioides, Swartz, Syn. F i l , p. 60.— W illdenow, Sp. PI.
p. 276.— P ursh, F l Am. Sept., ii., p, 664.
Athyrium asplenioides, D esvaux, “ Prodr., p. 266.”— Moore, Index, p.
17 9 .
Aspidium angustum, W illdenow, Sp. P I, v., p. 277.
Asplenium Michauxii, S prengel, “ Syst., p. 88.”— K unze, in Sill. Journ.,
July, 1848, p. 86.
Asplenium Ath^mium, S pr engel, Anleitung, p. 1 1 3 , Engl. Version, p.
124, (The synonymy might be extended to very great length,
as may be seen by any one consulting the works of Hooker,
Moore and Mettenius, above referred to.)
The so-called varieties of this fern are almost innumerable, but all
pass into one another by various gradations. The chief forms occurring
in North America are the following.
Var. ••—Fronds three to six inches high, lanceolate, pinnate;
pinnæ oblong-lanceolate, deeply cut into oblong laciniæ wliich are two-
to three-toothed at the end.— Ferns of the South-West, p. 330.
Var. angustum .■ — Ytonâ.i one to three feet high, rather rigid,
narrow in outline, nearly bipinnate ; pinnæ obliquely ascending or curved
upwards, narrowly lanceolate ; segments oblong, crowded, crenated or
serrate ; sori usually abundant, straight or curved.— Ferns of the South-
West, p. 330.—Aspidium angustum, W illdenow—Asplenmm Filix-foemina,
van Michauxii, Mettenius, Asplenium, p. 199.— E aton, in King’s
Report, Botany, p. 396..— Athyrium asplenioides, var. angustum, Moore,
Index, p. 179.
Var. latifolium. H ooker ; — Fronds two to three feet high, oblong-
lanceolate in outline, nearly bipinnate ; pinnæ three to four inches long,
oblong linear, having a narrowly winged secondary rachis ; pinnules
broadly ovate and foliaceous, obtuse, simply or doubly serrate ; sori nearer
the midvein than the margin ; indusia often curved, the basal ones frequently
horseshoe-shaped.— Sp. F il, iii., p. 218.— E aton, herns of the
South-West, p. n o .— Athyrium Filix-foemina, var. latifolium, M oore,
Nat. Pr. Brit Ferns, t. xxxi, B.
Var. commune-. — Vronô. ample, delicate, two to four feet high,
broadly oblong-ovate, twice pinnate, pinnæ elongated, four to eight inches
long; pinnules oblong-lanceolate, pointed, more or less pinnately incised
and serrate, distinct or confluent on the secondary rachis by a very narrow
and inconspicuous wing; sori short; indusium straight or curved or horseshoe
shaped.—Ferns of the South-West. p. y y . -A t h y r iu m Filix-foemina,
var. ovahtm, Moore, 1. c., t. xxxii.— The fully developed normal form of
the species, passing into all the others by insensible differences.
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