^ Pinnules smooth, articulated to their petioles, and at length separately deciduous.
4. A . tenerum, Swartz. , Fronds a foot long or longer, broadly deltoid-ovate, 3-4-pinnate
at the base : pinnules 6 to 10 lines long, rhomboid, more or less lobed on the upper and outer
margins; involucres short-oblong or lunulate.— Vol. IL , t. Ixxvn., p. 2 3 1. — I-loncla.
* * Stalk forked at the top, the branches recurved, and bearing several pinnate divisions on
the upper side.
c A ped atum, L . Frond often a foot broad ; primary divisions 6 to 14, bearing numerous
oblong or triangular-oblong pinnules, which liave the lower margin entire, and the upper more or
less lobed; involucres oblong-lunate or transversely linear.— Vol. L, t. xvm., p. 135 . — Lrom
New Brunswick to California and Alaska.
I I . LOMARIA, WiLLD.
r L . S p ic an t , Desv. Fronds 8 to 24 inches long, narrowly linear-lanceolate, pinnatifid
to the rachis into very numerous oblong or oblong-linear entire or crenulate segments ; those ot
the taller fertile fronds longer and narrower ; involucres near the margin, but distinct hom it. —
V o l.I .,t .x x x u .,p .2 4 9 - B L E C H N U M , L .
I B . se rru la tum , Richai'd. Fronds i to 5 feet long, oblong-linear, simply pinnate ; pinnæ
several inches long, linear or oblong-linear, finely serrulate, glossy above,^articulated to the
rachis ; involucres closely parallel to the midrib. — Vol. I., t. xix., p. i
1 3 . WOODWARDIA, S m ith .
4 1. — Florida.
' Fronds dimorphous, the fertile ones with very n V segments, the sterile more leaf-like.
1 vV. an gu s tifo lia . Smith. Root-stock creeping, elongated ; sterile fronds 6 to 12 inches
lontr ovate-oblong, pinnately lobed into a few tongue-shaped netted-vemed segments connected
bv a broad win-on the rachis ; fertile fronds taller and having very narrow almost disconnected
segments.— Vol. I., t. xxii., p. 165. — Massachusetts to Florida and Louisiana; also in Arkansas.
* * Fronds not dissimilar.
2. W . V irg in ic a , Smith. Root-stock creeping, often very long ; fronds i to 3 feet long,
oblong-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pinnate ; pinnæ numerous, 4 to 8 inches long, linear-lanceolate
pinnately lobed into numerous ovate-obtuse segments ; areoles in a single series each side ol
the raidveins.— Vol. IL , t. lii., p. 45- — Canada b'F lo r id a , and westward to Arkansas and
Louisian^^ ra d ic an s , Smith. Root-stock short and stout, very chaffy; fronds 2 to 10 feet
high, sub-coriaceous, oblong-ovate, pimiate ; pinnæ 4 to 15 inches long, i to 4 broad, deeply
piLaÜfid into numerous triangular-lanceolate pointed serrate and sometimes pinnately lobed
segments ; veins forming a few areoles outside of the fertile ones. — Vol. IL , t. Ixi,, p. 1 17 .
,4. ASPLEN IUM, L,
i I . EtIiSPIiNiuM. Imbtsmm Umisht ornea rly SO : rarely a few o f them are doulile or
* Fron d simple, entire or serrate.
I A se rra tum , L. Fronds i to 2^ feet long, 3 to 4 inches broad, linear-oblanceolate,
narrowed to the base, crenulate-serrate; midrib stout; veins oblique, free, closely parallel; son
very long and narrow. — Vol. L, t. iii., p. 17- — Florida.
* • Small ferns ; fronds pinnatifid or pinnate only near the base.
2. A . pinnatifldum, Nutt. Fronds 4 to 9 inches long, lanceolate-acuminate from a
broad and sub-hastate, base, pinnatifid ; lower lobes roundish ovate, rarely caudate, sometimes
distinct, the upper ones very short, and passing into tiie long and slender acumination o f the
frond; veins always free. — Vol. I., t. viii., p. 6 1. — Pennsylvania to Alabama and Missouri.
3. A . ebenoides, R. R . Scott. Fronds 4 to 9 inches long, broadly lanceolate, pinnate
near the base, pinnatifid above ; the apex elongated and slender, often proliferous, as are the
lanceolate pinnæ and segments.— Vol. L, t. iv., p, 25. — Connecticut to Alabama.
* * * Fronds once pinnate, the pin na sometimes toothed but not again divided.
-f- Small ferns with a green or p-eenish rachis.
4. A . virid e , Hudson. Fronds 2 to 5 inches long, linear-lanceolate, herbaceous, pinnate ;
pinnæ numerous, 2 to 4 lines long, short-stalked, roundish-oVate or ovate-rhomboid, more or
less cuneate. — Vol. I., t. xxxvi., p. 275. — New Brunswick and Northern New England to the
Rocky Mountains.
5. A . den ta tum, L. Fronds 4 to 6 inches long, oblong-linear, herbaceous, pinnate ;
pinnæ few, distant, 4 to 6 lines long, moderately long-stalked, roundish-obovate or ovate-riioin-
boid, cuneate at the lower side o f the base, truncate at the upper, obtuse j those o f tiie lower
sterile fronds rounder. — Vol. IL , t. Ixxx., p. 249. — South Carolina to Florida.
6. A . firmum, Kunze. Fronds 4 to 8 inches long, oblong-ovate, acuminate, broadest at
base, pinnate ; pinnæ usually few, the lower ones i to 3 inches long, half an inch wide, oval to
rhomboid-lanceolate, crenate or serrate, often acuminate, lower side of base excised, the upper
truncate and parallel to the rachis. — Vol. IL , t. Ixxx., p. 259. — Florida.
•K- -I— Small ferns having c
with numerous pinna.
dark and often polished rachis, and somewhat rigid fronds
7. A . Tr ichomane s , L. Fronds usually 4 to 6' inches long, narrowly linear, pinnate ;
pinnæ sub-sessile, roundish-oval or oval-oblong from an obtusely cuneate or truncate base, entire
or crenulate, rarely incised, falling separately from the persistent rachis. — Vol. I., t. xxxvi., p.
2 71. — Canada to California.
8. A . p a rvulum , Mart. & Gal. Fronds 4 to 10 inches high, narrowly linear-oblanceolate,
pinnate ; pinnæ 2 to 6 lines long, rigid and thickisli, mostly opposite, sub-sessile, more or less
deflexed, oblong, obtuse, entire or crenulate, auricled on the upper side, the lower ones on both
sides; sori as near the margin as the midvein. — Vol. L, t. xxxvi., p. 279. — Virginia to New
Mexico.
9. A . ebeneum, Aiton. Fronds 9 to 18 inches high, linear-oblanceolate, pinnate; pinnæ
6 to 18 lines long, firmly membranaceous, mostly alternate, sessile, spreading, oblong or oblong-
linear, somewhat auricled, crenately serrate or incised ; sori near the midvein. — Vol. I., t. iv.,
P- 2 1. — Canada to Florida and Indian Territory.
T a ll ferns with a green and herbaceous rachis and narrowly lanceolate pinna.
10. A . au gu s tifo lium , Michx. Fronds 2 to 4 feet high, herbaceous, lanceolate, pinnate ;
pmnæ numerous, 2 to 4 inches long, lanceolate-acuminate, minutely serrulate ; those of the
fertile fronds narrower; sori slightly curved, very numerous, often confluent when ripe. — Vol.
IL, t. Ivi., p. 73. — Canada and Wisconsin to Tennessee and perhaps Georgia.