T h is form o f the species is much the commonest with us, and
varies greatly in colour, being sometimes almost entirely rufous
brown ; the fruit is also not unfrequent in some seasons. A s is
usually the case in the dense growing varieties o f the Sphagna, the
stem leaves have the hyaline cells frequently fibrose.
Var. y. squarrosum, Russow.
Plants pale green, in loose tufts, 3-6 in. high. Branches more
distant, spreading horizontally or decurved ; their leaves loose and
squarrose. Perichætial bracts shorter.
S y n o n .— strictum, S u l l . Muse. Allegh. n . 2 0 1 ( 1 8 4 5 ) . C. M u l l . Synops. 1.
p. 10 4 .
Sph. humile, S c h im p . S u l l . Muse. Bor.-Amer. n . 1 4 ; Mosses of U n . S t . p. 1 1
n . 6 ( 1 8 5 6 ) .
Sph. rigidum var. squarrosum, Russow, Torfm. p . 7 7 . M i l d e , Bry. Siles. p. 3 9 1 .
B r a i t h w . Sphag. Brit. Exsic. n . 24.
H a b .— S h a d y p a r t s o f s u b a lp in e h e a th s .
E u r o p e .— Techelfer Woods, near Dorpat (Russow) ; Bunzlau (Limprlcht) ;
Welssenfels, In Thuringia (Schliephacke). England: Langdale, Westmoreland
(Barnes); Darnholm, Goathland, Yorkshire (Anderson).
N. A m e r i c a .— Tallahassee, Florida (Regel) ; Look-out Mountains, Alabama
(Lesquereux) ; Carolina (Sullivant).
A ve ry beautiful plant, o f softer texture than the type, but
connected with it by intermediate states which va ry in the degree
o f squarrosity in the branch leaves.
GROUP D.— CUSPIDATA.
Plants rather rigid, loosely tufted. Branch leaves erecto-patent,
lanceolate, acute or acuminate, truncate and toothed at apex ;
margin more or less bordered, involute at point.
F
Un. St. p. I I , n. 2 (1856). B e r k e l . Handb. Br. Moss. p. 306, t. 2, f. 2 (1863).
H o b k i r k , Syn. Br. Moss. p. 23 (1873).
Sph. condensatum. S c h l e i c h . Pl. Crypt. Helv. cent. 2, n. 5 (1804).
Sph. obtusifolium ß. condensatum, W e b . M o h r , Bot. Tasch. p. 73 (1807). R o h l in g ,
Deutschl. FI. iii. p. 35 (1813).
Sph. heluedimm, S c h k u h r , Deutsch. Moos. p. 12, t. 3 (1810).
Sph. obtusifolium ß. mitius. H o o k . T a y l . Muse. Br. p. 3 (1818). G r a y , Nat. Arr.
Brit. Plants, p. 710 (1821).
Sph. prcemorsum, Z e n k e r , D i e t r . Muse. Thuring. fasc. i, n. 18 (1821). B r i d .
Bry. Univ. 1. p. 17 (ut var. S. compacti).
Sph. rigidum var. compactum, S c h im p . Torfm. p. 66 (1858); Synops. p. 678.
Russow, Torfm. p. 77. M i l d e , Bryol. Siles. p. 391. K l in g g r a f f , 1. c. B r a i t h w .
Sphag. Brit. Exsic. n. 25.
H a b .— On drier heaths and moors. Frequent throughout Europe and N.
America. Not uncommon in the south of England, as on the Sussex Downs, and on
Oxshot Common, Surrey.
i
I I . Sphagnum squarrosum, P e r so o n .
Pl. XIV.
Monoicous or dioicous ; green, the stem reddish, with two
strata o f cuticular cells. Stem leaves lingulate, not bordered ; the
apex rounded and slightly fimbriate. Branch leaves squarrose,
broadly ovate below, suddenly lanceolate ; the apex minutely 3-4
toothed ; bordered with ve ry narrow cells ; chlorophyllose cells
compressed, enclosed by the hyaline. Perichætial bracts obovate,
emarginate.
S y n o n .— Sph. squarrosum, P e r s . M s s . C r o m e , Samml. Deutsch. Laubm. i.
p. 24, n. 3 (1803). W e e . M o h r , Naturh. Reise durch Schweden, p. 29, t. 2, f. i a
et b (1804), et Bot. Tasch. p. 73 (1807). S m i t h , Eng. Bot. t. 1498 (1804). P . d e
B e a u v . Prodr. p. 88 (1805). L a M a r c k et C a n d . F1. Franc, i. p. 443 (1805).
S c h u l t z , F1. Stargard. p. 276 (1806). B r i d . Sp. Musc. i. p. 14 (1806) ; Mantissa,
p. 2 (1819), et Bry. Univ. i. p. 5 (1826). R ö h l . Ann. Wetter. Gesells. i. p. 197
(1809), et Deutschl. FI. iii. p. 36 (1813). S c h k u h r , Deutschl. Moose, p. 14, t. 6
(1810). Fl. Dauica, t. 1415 (1810). S c h w a g r . Suppl. I. pt. i, p. 13, t. 4 (1811).
V o i t , M u s c . Herbip. p. 12 (1812). H o o k . T a y l . Musc. Brit. p. 4, t. 4 (1818).
F ü n c k , Taschenh. t. 2 (1821). G r a y , Nat. Arr. Br. Pl. i. p. 710, 2 (1821). Z e n k .
D i e t r . M u s c . Thuring. n. 21 (1821). N e e s , H s c h . S t . Bry. Germ. i. p. 9, t. i, f. 3
(1823). H ü b e n . M u s c . Germ. p. 23 (1833). D e N o t . Syll. Musc. Ital. p. 295 (1838).
C. M ü l l . Synops. i. p. 94 (1849). W i l s . Bry. Brit. p. 23, t. 4 (1855). H a r t m . Skand.
Fl. ed. 6, p. 435 (1854). S u l l . Mosses of Un. St. p. 12, n. 9 (1856). S c h im p .
Torfm. p. 63, t. 22 (1858). Synops. p. 677 (i860), et ed. 2, p. 835 (1876). L in d b .
in Ôfv. K. Vet. Ak. Förh. xix. p. 139, n. 7 (1862). B e r k e l . Handb. Br. Mosses,
p. 308, t. 2, f. 4 (1863). Russ. Torfm. p. 62 (1865). S c h l i e p h . in Verh. Z. B.
Gesel. Wien, 1865, p. 400. K l i n g g . in Sehr, der K. Phys. OEk. Gesel. zu Königs.
1872, p. 7. M i l d e , Bryol. Siles. p. 387 (1869). H o b k . Synops. p. 26 (1873).
B r a i t h w . Sphag. Brit. Exsic. n. 26 (1877).
Sph. Acóntense, D e N o t . M s s .
Sph. patulum. M i t t e n , M s s .
Sph. oblongum, P. B e a u v . Prodr. p. 15. B r i d . Bryol. Univ. 1. p. 6.
Sph. crassisetum, B r i d e l , Mantis. Musc. p. 2, et Sp. Musc. i. p. 15.
Monoicous, or sometimes dioicous ; in loose, deep glaucous-
green tufts. Stems robust, decumbent at base, 6 -15 in. high,
generally dichotomous, rigid, reddish brown ; cuticular cells small,
non-porose, in two strata ; the peripheral cells incrassate, rufous
brown. Stem leaves large, lingulate, v e ry narrowly bordered,
minutely auricled at base ; apex rounded, slightly fimbriate ; hyaline
cells elongated, hexagono-rhomboid below, rhombic above, without
fibres or pores, but here and there with a transverse partition.
Ramuli 4-5 in a fascicle, o f which 2-3 are divergent, tumid,
attenuated toward the points, with the leaves on the lower two