T
somewhat glossy, the chlorophyllose cells less compressed, the
apex with five or six larger teeth.
S y n o n .— .§>/;. contortujn, S c h u l t z , Suppl. FI. Starg. p. 64 (1819). N e e s , H s c h .
S t . Bry. Germ. i. p. 15, t . 2, f. 6 (1823). B r i d . Bry. Un. i. p. 7 (1826). W i l s . Bry.
Br. p. 22, pi. 60 (185s). S u l l . M o s s . Un. St. p. 11, n. 3 (1856). B e r k e l . Handb.
p. 308 (1863). K l in g g . in Sehr, der K. Phys. CEk. Gesel. zu Königs. 1872, p. 8.
Sph. Lescurii, S u l l . Muse. Bor.-Amer. n. 6 (1856); Mosses of Un. St. p. 11, n. 4.
Sph. sulsecundum var. contortum, S c h im p . Torfm. p. 75, t. xxii. ß et xxiii. ß;
Synops. p. 683, et ed. 2, p. 844. M i l d e , Bry. Siles. p. 393. B r a i t h w . Sphag. Brit
Exsic. n. 16, 17.
Sph. latifolium var. ß. fluitans. T u r n . Muse. Hibern. p. 5 (1804).
Sph. subsecundum var. rufescens, N. H. S t . Bry. Germ. i. p. 16, t. 2, f. 6*. B r id .
Bry. Un. i. p. 8. H ü b e n . Muse. Germ. p. 26 .
Sph. subsecundum var. isophyllum, Russow, Torf. p. 73, p.p.
H a b .— Ditches in peat-bogs a n d at margin o f pools; frequent throughout
Europe and N. America.
This variety is perhaps the most polymorphous o f all the
Sphagna, and in some form or other may generally be met with.
Occasionally it is ve ry large, and presents an intermediate stage to
the var. obesum; in others the branches are not contorted or but
slightly so in those o f the capitulum, or they may be short, ascending,
and o f equal length throughout.
Mr. Boswell sends a curious form, which he found floating in a
spring on Mitcheldean Meend, Gloucester: in this the upper branches
are abbreviated, and the rufescent leaves clustered upon them into
a rosette shape. Another, collected by Rev. A u g . L e y , at T re lleck
Bog, Monmouth, has the stems quite simple or with a few solitary
branches, and ve ry long lax leaves: this he regards as probably the
var. simplidssimum, M i ld e .
Var. y. auriculalum (Schimp.), Lind b.
Plants glaucous green above, pale below ; the stems pale brown
or green. Cauline leaves large, lingulate-acuminate, subhastate at
base, with large auricles composed o f large fibrose utricular cells,
free and perforated at the apex.
Sph. auriculatum, S c h im p . Toifm. p. 77, t. xxiv. (1858); Synops. p. 687 (i860),
et ed. 2, p. 844 (1876).
Sph. cymbifolium var. y . tenellum, H a r t m . Skand. FI. ed. 7 , p. 39 8 ( 1 8 5 8 ) .
Sph. subsecundum var. auriculatum, L in d b . in Öfv. K. Vet. Ak. Förh. xix. p. 141
(1862), in obs. sub. n. 11. S c h l i e p . in Verh. Z. B. Gesel. Wien, 1865, p. 411.
B r a i t h w . Sphag. Brit. Exsic. n. 19, 20.
H a b .—At the margins of pools on heaths.
~SAs-&.ore..--England : Hayward’s Heath, Sussex (Mitten) ; Sutton Park, Birmingham
(Bagnall) ; Witherslack Moss, Westmoreland (Barnes) ; Lindow Common,
EU R O PE AND N O R TH AMERLCA. 51
Mobberley, Cheshire (Whitehead, 1 8 7 6 ) ; Eskdale old alum works, Whitby, Vorkshire
(Anderson). Lapla:id: At Lycksele (Angström), and Pitea (Sælan). Finland: Mt.
Hunneberg, and at Loka, in Westmanland (Hamnstrom) ; at Olsbacka (Hartman) ;
Grycksbo, in Dalarne (Angström) ; Isl. Fyen, at Hofmansgave (Hofman-Bang).
Although this plant is still retained as a species by Professor
Schimper, there cannot be the slightest doubt that it belongs to the
series o f forms referable to Sph. subsecundum. T h e stipules or
auricles are most variable in size and structure, and in this species
no two forms possess them in the same degree o f development.
Besides the ordinary state, an immersed form occurs which sometimes
grows to a large size, and differs in its deep green colour and
weak flabby branches, which collapse when removed from the water.
Var. §. obesum, W i l s .
Plants ve ry robust, pale green, tinged with reddish brown.
Branches swollen, obtuse ; branch leaves large, v e ry broad, truncate
at apex and 5-toothed, closely imbricated. Stem leaves ve ry
large, ovate, fibrose in upper part, or sometimes throughout.
Sy n o n .— Sph. contortum var. y. obesum, W il s . Bry. Brit. p . 22 ( 1 8 5 5 ) .
Sph. subsecundum var. y. obestim, Sc h im p . Synops. ed. 2, p. 8 4 4 ( 1 8 7 6 ) . B r a it h w .
Sphag. Brit. Exsic. n. 18 .
Sph. subsecundum var. turfldum, C. M ü l l . Synops. i. p. lo i. S c h l ie p h . 1. c.
Sph. denticulatum (M o u g . N e s t l .), B r id e l , Bry. Univ. i. p. 10 .
H ab.— In deep pools and ditches. Not common.
E u r o p e .— England: Alderley, Cheshire (Wilson); Cam Galva Moor, Penzance,
Cornwall (Curnow) ; Darnholm, Goathland, Yorkshire (Anderson). Scotland: Glen
Prosen, Forfar (Rev. J. Fergusson). Germany: Pegnitz, in Franconia (Arnold);
Kiebitz Bog, near Halle (Schliephacke).
T h e most robust o f all the forms, and in deep water attaining
a great length. It is generally o f a dirty reddish-brown colour,
and the fruit is rare and usually produced about the middle o f the
stem.
G r o u p C .— TRUNCATA.
Plants densely ramulose, forming compact cushion-like tufts.
Branch leaves erecto-patent, broadly oblong-lanceolate, with the
apex truncate and toothed; the margin involute for nearly all its
length.
8. Sphagnum Angstrbmii, C. H a r tm .
Pl. XI.
Dioicous ; robust, pale green. Stem pale, with three layers o f
cuticular cells, densely ramulose. Stem leaves obovate-lingulate,
the apex truncate, and slightly fimbriate. Branch leaves broadly