Plants stipulate, or without stipules, leaves subcurrent,
flattened, divided.
Jung-ermannia Bantriensis, Hook.
Stem nearly erect, simple, leaves rounded-
ovate, lunately emarginate, two-toothed, plane,
perichaetial leaves similar, st ipules small, lanceolate,
awl-shaped, incised, dentate ; perianth
naked, obovate, mouth ciliate-toothed.
Jungermannia Bantriensis, Hook. Br. Jung.
No. 41, note ; Cooke Hep. fig. 70; Gott. and
Rab. Exs. No. 305; Car r , and Pears. Exs. No.
246. Jungermannia bidentata var. Bantriensis,
Hook. Br. Jung. S yn. p. 16., Suppl. t. 3.
var. major, Carr, and Pears. Exs. No. 105.
Plants forming dense tufts or patches ; in habit
much resembling/, cordifolia. Stems mostly erect,
flexuose, simple, or sparingly dichotomous, with
suberect branches, sometimes more procumbent,
with divaricate branches. Leaves secund, far
rounder in outline, and attached by a narrower
base than in / . bidentata, gradually increasing
in size from base to summit of stem,
terminal ones three times the size of the
lowest, all emarginate, or more rarely tridentate,
with obtuse, acute, or apiculate segments ; the lower
with a lunulate sinus, and entire margin ; the upper
subacutely and often irregularly emarginate, angular
or toothed at the margins. Colour varies from
yellowish green to deep olive, never whitish. Leaves
of branches and innovations narrower, more deeply
177
and acutely cloven than the re s t ; on procumbent
stems seldom secund, but merely incurved or even
spreading. Stipules minute, seldom broader than
t le stem, variable, usually lanceolate-awl-shaped,
with one or more lateral teeth, sometimes entire,
rarely bifid, never twisted. Inflorescence dioicous.
Male plants in separate tufts, stems antheriferous in
their upper h a l f ; perigonial leaves acutely divided
above into three incurved unequal teeth, each leafen-
closing one to four anthers. Female flowers terminal,
without proper perichsetium. The calyces, which
contain only pistilla, are pear-shaped, but, when full
grown, nearly cylindrical, depressed above, and
termmating in a narrow tubular, ciliated mouth ;
destitute of furrows or folds, the transverse section
always circular. Calyptra obovate, narrower than
the calyx, and perfectly free. Peduncle thicker
than in J. bidentata. Capsule smaller, more spheri-
cal, the valves of a deep purplish brown hue. Seeds
slightly smaller, and spiral filaments shorter.
The fructification o f / . scutata differs, in that it is
lateral, with a perichsetium of two to six leaves, entire,
or variously cut at the extremity, and far smaller
than the stem leaves, and the calyx is obovate with .
a trigonous toothed mouth. The calyptra is o f equal
width with the calyx, and adheres to its sides.
— Spruce. {Plate 4, fig. go)
Jungermannia Kunzeana, Huben.
Stem ascending, root ing without f ia g e l l i ;
leaves bifarious, spreading, acutely emarginate,
bilobed, lobes erect, obtuse, incurved; st ipules
bipartite, awl-shaped, entire.