The oesophagus is thin, and the salivary glands are band-like. The stomach lies in
an upper anterior cleft of the liver, but is separate from it. Its walls are thickish, with a
strong irregular lamination. The genitalia seem to be as in the typical form. The light-
grey hermaphrodite gland is spread over the greenish liver. The spermatotheca is large
and spherical; the spermatocyst much smaller and elliptical. No armature was found.
I have compared this animal with specimens of St. vem'ucosa from the Mediterranean.
I t is lighter in colour, very much softer in consistency, and the tubercles are lower, and,
as a rule, not clavate. But these are all matters of degree, and I do not think that
a new species can be created on the evidence of a single specimen.
The present specimen is superficially unlike D. maculata Garstang, which is very
convex, hard, and bears a pattern of knobs connected by ridges.
DORIS MACULATA Garstang.
(Plate VIII, figs. 6 and 7.)
Garstang, Journ. Mar. Biol. Assoc., vol. iv, 1896, p. 167. Eliot 2, pp. 241—243.
This species is distinguished from all others known in the British area by having the
dorsal surface covered with a raised and conspicuously coloured pattern formed of tubercles
and ridges. In the specimens which I have seen alive and from which the figures in
Plate VIII are taken,, the coloration seems to have been paler than normal; the ground tint
was greyish-yellow and the tubercles and ridges were purplish. But in the specimens
obtained on various occasions by Prof. Garstang the colours were bright yellow and deep
purple.
Large specimens are 40 mm. or 45 mm. long and about 20 mm. broad. The body,
though rather stiffer to the touch, is flexible and varies in shape; in the same animal
the dorsal surface is sometimes strongly arched and sometimes comparatively level.
The mantle-margin descends to the ground all round and completely covers the foot
when at rest, but when in motion the foot projects behind.
The dorsal tubercles are large knobs, sometimes rising into a peak, but not clavate
or constricted at the bases. They are connected in almost all possible directions by
ridges of varying elevation and distinctness, and the fields thus formed are traversed by
lower irregular ridges some' of which show signs of developing incipient tubercles.
The arrangement of the main ridges and tubercles is not consistent or regular, but
there are usually two or three distinct rows in the middle of the back, two others less
distinct nearer to the mantle edge, and on the mantle edge itself numerous smaller
tubercles crowded together and not connected by ridges. Between the rhinophores are
often two or three large tubercles, and the edge of each pocket, though hardly raised at
all, is protected by two tubercles, one on the inner and one on the outer side. The rhino-
phores themselves are large, yellowish, and closely perfoliate. Prof. Garstang describes
the branchial pocket as set with small purplish tubercles, and the branchise as five and
simply pinnate. In the specimens I have seen the tubercles are not numerous (eight to
ten), but of considerable size and capable of completely closing the pocket by meeting
across it. The gills are in all cases five, stout and either bi- or tripinnate. In no case
have I seen simply pinnate plumes as described by Mr. Garstang, though there is no
reason to doubt their occurrence.
On either side of the mouth is a flattish tentacle, varying somewhat in shape but not
recorded as long in any specimen. The anterior margin of the foot is grooved and in some
specimens at any rate the upper lip is slightly notched. The foot is nearly as broad as
the body and the lateral margins are expanded.
The internal anatomy appears to be much the same as in D. verrucosa. In two specimens
dissected I found the radula to consist of thirty-seven and forty rows respectively,
each containing seventy-five to eighty teeth on either side of the rhachis as a maximum.
The teeth are simply hamate with rather blunt tips and no trace of serrulation. Those
at the inner and outer ends of the half rows are smaller than the others, and the two or
three outermost are irregular and imperfectly formed. On the labial cuticle are two
small patches of white rods not combined into a plate; not bifid; straight or slightly
curved. These patches are not equally distinct :in all specimens and may be sometimes
altogether absent. The salivary glands are large and reddish-yellow. The stomach
lies wholly outside the hepatic mass and its interior is strongly laminated. The blood-
gland is white and consists of two divisions of which the posterior is larger. The
central nervous system is as in Bergh’s plates of Staurodons ocelligera (Bergh 46).
The genitalia are as in D. verrucosa.
This species is distinguished from D. verrucosa (1) by the presence of distinct
ridges connecting the dorsal tubercles; (2) by the character of the branchige, which in
all the specimens I have seen (six) are bi- or tripinnate and five only, whereas in
D. verrucosa they are usually ten or more and simply pinnate. Prof. Garstang, however,
found them to be simply pinnate in his specimens. It is therefore possible that
D. veiTucosa and D. maculata represent extreme modifications of one very variable form, and
are connected by a complete series of intermediate links. One of these links is perhaps the
Staurodoris pseudoverrucosa of von Jherin'g from Naples, which has conical dorsal tubercles
connected by ridges and five bipinnate branchiae but no tubercles on the branchial pocket.
In general appearance it is said to resemble D. verrucosa, which is against its identification
with D. maculata. Cu&iot (/. c.) does not notice that in any of the varieties of D.
verrucosa found at Arcachon dorsal ridges are present.
SECTION ARCHIDORIS.
DORIS TESTUDINARIA A. & H.
(Plate I, figs. 5—8.)
? = Doris testudinaria Risso, Hist. Nat. de l’Eur. Mérid., iv, 1826, p. 33.
Doris testudinaria Alder & Hancock 2, p. 261 ; and Alder 1, p. 85.
Archidoris testudinaria (A. & H.) Eliot 1, pp. 339—344.
Archidoris stellifera H. von Jhering. Yayssière 3, p. 82 ; and id. in Jonrn. de .Conchyl., vol. lii,
no. 2, 1904, p. 123.