
 
        
         
		MERULA BOULBOUL. 
 Grey-wing^ed  Merula. 
 Lanitts boidboul,  Lath.  Ind.  Orn.  Supp., p.  80.—lb. Gen. Hist.,  vol.  ii.  p.  48.—Shaw, Gen.  Zool.,  vol.  vii.  p.  308.  
 Merula  boidboul,  Blyth,  Journ. Asiat. Soc.  Beng.,  vol.  xvi.  p.  47.—lb. Cat.  of Birds in Mus. Asiat.  Soc  Calcutta,  
 p.  162.—Horsf.  and Moore,  Cat.  of Birds in Mus. East Ind.  Comp., vol.  i.  p.  196. 
 Turdus pcecilopterus, Vig. in Proc.  of Comm,  of Sci.  and  Corr.  of  Zool.  Soc., part i.  p.  54.—Gould,  Cent,  of Birds  
 from Him. Mount., pi.  xiv.—Gray and Mitch.  Gen.  o f Birds, vol.  i.  p.  219.—Gray,  Cat.  of Spec,  and  
 Draw,  of  Mamm.  and  Birds  pres,  to  Brit. Mus.  by  B. H.  Hodgson,  Esq.,  p.  81.—Bonap.  Consp.  
 Gen. Av., p.  274. 
 It   is much  to  be  regretted that  this well-marked  species  of Merula should have received not  only  the  trivial,  
 but  also  the scientific  name of  boulboul,  since,  to British ornithologists,  another  and  very  different group  of  
 birds  is  better  known  by  this  appellation; • but  it now appears  that  Latham’s  specific term  of  boulboul  has  
 the  priority over  the pcecilopterus  of Vigors, and  no alteration  is  admissible.  It  is  one of the species  figured  
 .by me  in  my  “  Century of Birds  from  the  Himalaya Mountains.”  A splendid  male  is  now,  and  has  been  
 for a long time, living  in  the menagerie of the Zoological  Society in the Regeut’s  Park.  This  individual  has  
 all  the habits o f the English Blackbird, bears  its confinement  equally well, and  as  spring approaches serenades  
 its caged brethren  and  the  visitors with  its cheerful  song.  After it has  completed its moult,  the feathers  of  
 the  breast^ which  are  most  perfect,  are  regularly  and  elegantly fringed with  grey,  in which  character  it  
 much  resembles  the  Ring  Ouzel,  Merula  torquata j  it  differs, pibwCyer,  from  that  species  in  its  shorter  
 wings,  in  which  respect  it  is  allied  to  our Common  Blackbird,  the Merula vulgaris, which  it  may  be  said  
 to  represent  in  the hill  countries  of India,  that  is,  the southern  slopes  of  the  great Himalayan  range, where  
 it frequents  similar districts  to  those  tenanted  by the M. albocincta and M. castanea. 
 Much  difference  occurs  in  the colouring o f the wings,  some individuals having the  secondaries and coverts  
 very  light,  almost  approaching  to  greyish  white, while  in  others  those  parts  are  greyish  white,  strongly  
 tinged with  brown.  This wing-mark is much  less  distinct in  the  female,  which  sex, moreover,  differs  from  
 the  opposite  one  in  being  of  an  almost  uniform  brown,  offering a strong  contrast  to  the  deep  black  colouring  
 of the male. 
 The  male  has  the  entire  plumage  black,  with  the  exception  of  the  feathers  of  the  breast  and  abdomen  
 being  finely fringed with  grey,  and  the  greater wing-coverts  and  the  outer webs  of  the  secondaries  being  
 ashy grey, with  purer  grey  tip s ;  bill  and  eyelash  very  rich  gamboge-yellow;  irides  brownish  b lack ;  legs  
 and feet brownish  black, with  a tinge  of yellow  behind  and on  the soles. 
 The figures  are of the natural  size.  The  plant is  the Rubus biflorus.