ATLAS OF AUSTRALIA—1886,
T H U R L E S . - -Sit.iatn! uear the right h«t,k of the Hamburirh
Creek, a tribnt^iry stream of tlio W»ri-ego Hivor, about CO miles »vest
from Mitulioll, The do«n« iu the neighbourhood are occupied for
pasturing sheo]! iind cattle.
T H U a S D A T ISIAND—Thxreday island is situated in
Torres Strait, abour 30 miles north-west from Cape York, aud about
700 miles from To«-i,sviIlo. It for.us one of a group, the more
iiniiortant of tbe remaining menil>ei-s being the Prinne of Wales, Horn,
Hammond, Friday, Wodnesday, and Goode Islftuds. Port Kennedy,
ns the point of call on the island, for vessels, is denomiimted is a
place of rapidly inorensiug importance. Several
amongst the causes of it« i-api.i and continued progress,
cipal boundaries of the town embrace an area of 3,840
climate is regarded a« being esti-emely healthy. Population, 0,270.
The
isidei-able
western
, a small
?s about
this end. The
TOWNSVILLE.—Tow
importanco, in Nurtliem Queensland^
shore of Cleveland Uny, near the noi'thern mouth of líos» Ki
stream flo\vingfi-om the eastom face of the Coast Range, an
870 miles north-west ft-om Brisbane. It is the outlet fori
tract of country, extending west beyond tho Dividing Chain, aud
embracing a large portion of the slope towards the (iulf of Cai-pentaria
.smg importance. Several causes operate to Among its exports are sugar and n.aize from the coast rivei^ - silver
island bes dircctly m the track of shipping entering j from Keelbottom Ci-eek, the «ellheiui River, and Haveuswoodi
' S'old from Charters Towers, the valley of the' Burdekiu, and thé
Btberidge Gold-Held ; and wool from the banks of rhe Canipaspe, Cape,
Diamantina, and Fliudors Hivers. 'Ilie extent of its commerce and
trade may be seen from the following statistics, si,owing the vahie of
importss and exports «ver a period of three years
Torres Strait from t.ho west, vvith tho intention of pi-oceeding by th.
inner channel, aud is a stopping-place for tho mai! sen-ice, nud other
large steamers from the Australian colonies to Kurope, India, China,
and Japan. (Connected with it are the large aud valuable pearl-shell
aud heche.de^.uT fisheries of 'forres Strait. It forms tbe basis of
operations for the greater porrion of these industries. During 1885,
the export of pearl-shell amounted
! GdU tons, valued at £8(5,990
and of becke-de-mer, to 87 tons,
Thursday Island,
following st-atistii
•orth £7,383. The importflnce o:
1 centre, irill be seeu from the
a jieriod of four years -
Tho shipping for the year 1885, entering and leaving the port,
represented a carrying capacity of 210,706 tons. As a Govei-nment
settlement, for the maintenance of authority among the individnals
of various nations, engaged in connection with the pearl-shell and
M i e - i i f ^ r fisheries, it has superseded the township of Someraet on
the mainland. This has resulted from the superior position of Thursday
Island, and its easy accessibility by the ordinary shipping passing
through the strait. It also forms the depot for the produce of the
Gulf of Carpentaria generally. Goods from European aud British
ports for the west coast of Cape York Peninsula, Normanton and
Burfcetown, are transhipped here. The climate, which is generally
pleasant, is free, for the most part, from great extremes, and is
regarded as healthy. The heat of summer is modified, to a considerable
extent, by the south-east trade ivinds, which then prevail,
and the thermometer seldom exceeds 90® Fahr. There are two
seasons, characterised as wc/ and dry, the former extending from
December to the end of February, and the latter from March to
December. Population, 491,
T I A B O . - O u the right bank of the Mary River, about 16 miles
straight line, from Maryborough, but over 20 miles foUowif
the river, which is tidal up to this point. The
mds surrounding it are largely cultivated, sugarlaize
fields being numerous. In connection with the
for crushing the cane. Potatoes are also
uch of the land was originally covered with a
ig of the richest kind. From the forests that
>ble timber are obtained. Hardsouth,
ir
ing the
fertile alluvial
(llnntations and inaij
former are several T
among the products,
dense scrub, tho soil
remain, lat^e quantities
wood and pine are sent to other parts of the colony. Valuable seams
of coal underlie the district, and antimony and plumbago have beer
found. During 1883, 127 tons of antimony, valued at £2,-550, were
raised from the mines. Rearing cattle and horses engages the atten-
- any of the settlers. The railway line to Gympie
'ith Maryborough, Pop n of shire, 792.
TOOWOOMEA.—Toowoomba lies vvithin the basin of tbe
Condamine River, on tbe western slope, and near the culminating line,
of the Great Dividing Range, aud jjossesses an elevation of over 1,900
feet above tbe level of the sea. It is the principal commercial centre
in the Darling Downs District,
astern margin of which it ii
situated. The Southern
Brisbane, fi-oni which it i
and Western Railway Line connects it wit!
is distant, inland, about 101 miles. Iu addition
to being the focns of trade for a large tract of fertile
settled upon for fanning and pastoral pui-poaes. Toowoomba is
of a considerable amount of manufacturing oaterprise. There arc flourmills,
sawTuills, tanneries, a brewery, aud noap and tobacco factories,
-Vnmerous buildings of a substanrial and ornamental character add to
Its appearancc, aud in the vicinity are private residences surrounded
by every evidence of comfort and prospei-ity. The institutions of a
public nature include a hospital, reformatory school, town hall, and
school of arts. Large areas in the district are placed under cultivation
every year. Among the agricultural products are wheat, maize,
oats, barley, and potatoes, hVuits of various kinds grow readüy!
Orangeries and vineyards are numerous in the suburbs, nnd winemaking
is carried on extensively, Sheep-farming nnd
engage a large amount of attention in the district, and ,
.utry.
saring stock
Tho progress of Townsnlle, as a sliippiug-jjort, is retarded by the
character uf the harbour, Cleveland Bay is protected, to some extent,
immediately to the north, by Magnetic Island, and on the ea.-<t and
south-east, by Cape Cleveland and the land to the south. As,
however, the water shoals gradually towards the shore, ocean-going
atemuers and large shipping are compelled to lie at an anchorage some
distance from the to>vn. The Rt,ss River does not admit of na'rigation
by any but vessels of very light draught. .\t the entrance, tliere is a
bar, which is nearly dry at low wat<.r. I'he situation of the town is
one that atti'acts attention. On the south are the tidal wnters of the
nver, to the east stretches out the wide expanse of Cleveland Ray,
while, on the north, rising to an elevation of 1,000 feet above sea-lerel,
is Mount Cudtheringa, or Castle Hill, a well-known landmark on the
coast. On the banks of the numerous small streams falling into
Bowling-gi-een, Cleveland, and Halifa-x Bays, the land is suited to
agriculture, the principal products being .sugar-cane, raaize, and
potatoes. Some of the settlers are engaged in rearing stock. The
municipal boundaries inclnde au area of 2,080 acres, and the
town possesses a niunber of fine substantial buildings. Among the
institutions of a public character are a hospital, school of ai-ts, and
immigration depot. Manufacturing enterprise is ,-epresented by a
soap factory, ice-works, brewery, foundiy, aud ga-s-works. Towns-
A-ille is the starting point ou the coast for the Northern Railway.
This line passes tbreugh Charters Towers, and, having lu-ossed the
Dinding Chain, foi-ms a prominent element in the future development
of the pastoral and mineral resouives of the interior. The annual
rainfall varies between 35 ami .iO inches. Population, 7,8ti0.
TREVERTON.—On the left bank of Treverton Creek, a
tributary stream of the Dumaresq River, about 4.} miles south-west
from W'arwick. 'I'he district is, to a large extent, a pastoral one.
V E R E S D A L E . - .Near the right bank of the Logan River,
about 3D miles south from Brisbane. The adjoining country is intersected
by unmerous streams f.-om the Macphereon and Darlington
ftauges, and is the scene of a large amount of settlement for agricultural
purposes. The district produces maize, outs and cotton, and
from its extensive foi-ests, timber of a good quality is obtained. Population,
1(5«.
WALKERSTON-.—Situated a short distn,nce south from the
right bank of the Pioneer Hiver, about ii miles inland from Mackay,
with which it i« connected by railway liuo, 'l-he land iu the valley of
the Pioneer is largely alluvial in character, nnd noted foi- its richness.
Sugar-cane is extensively grown; maize, tobacco, coffee, potatoes,
and bananas, are also among the products of the district. In connection
with many of the plantations ai-e wills for crushing tho cane
Pojmlatiou, 332,
•WAtLAL. -Sitiuited ou th.- loft bank of the Warrego River, a
shoi't distance below the oonfiuoncL' with it of tho Wi.n! River, about
16 miles south-south-west from Charieville, Possessing but a limited
rainfall, tho adjoining country is suited only to |)nstoral pursuits.
Population, 30.
W A R W I C K . -Warwick, a town of considerable importanco in
the Darling Downs District, is situated on the banks of the Condamine
River at no great distance fiom its source, u few miles north from
t i e New South Wales border. The district is an agricultural one,
^ - - large nmouut of settlement. The land is of a very
Lnd yields immense crops of »vheat aud other grain.
IS fruits grow ¡•ondily, and wine-nuikiug is success-
Rearing stock aud sliocii-farming also engage
onnectod with Brisbane by the Southern Railway
being 1 Ofi miles; a straight line, however, between !
and th.
fertile cbaractei
Grapos and var
fully can-ied o
attention, It i:
Line, the distan
QUEENSLAND.
the two points, would not exceed 90 miles. To tho south aud east,
rise the peaks of the Great Dividing Chain, low spurs f,«m which
divei-sify the surface of the sunounding country, Foi-ming the
south-westei-n side of this part of the Condamine River Valley is
Uciries Range, a low spur from the main chain. Numerous stroams
have their sources in theso mountains, and add to the productive
capubility of the soil, Warwick lies at an elevation of about 1,-500
feet above the level of the sea, and is well known for the salubrity
and bracing character of its climate. The streets are bi-oad and
meet each other at right angles. Many of the buildings are both
substantial aud ornamental. Manufacturing enteiTrise is represented
by a brewery, distillery, flour-mills, aud sawmills. With
the connoutiou of the railway systems of Queensland and New
South Wales, and the consequent extension of ti-afBc, and increased
facilities for trade, this town will assume a position, in the immediate
future, of even gi'eater importance. The annual rainfall varies
between 20 and 30 inches. Population. 3,073.
W A T E R P O R D . - ( i„ the right bank of the Logan River,
about 22 miles by railway line south-south-east from Brisbane.
Settlement has takeu jjlace in tlie neighbourhood for agricultural
l)nri)oses. The jnincipal products of the district are sugar and
mHize. Good timber is obtained from the adjoining forests.
W A T S O N V U L E . — m i n i n g township of considerable imp..
rtance uear the source of the Walsh River, a tributary of tbe
Mitchell River, about 50 miles south-west fiKDm Cairns. It lies on the
western slope of tbe Great [Dividing Range, which is of a rugged
character here, aud attains an elevation, in some places, of over 3,000
feet above the level of the sea. Extensive deposits of tin occur I
throughout the district; the metalliferous area is found on both '
watersheds, but is especially rich on tho fall towards the Gulf of Car- j
lientaria. Silver aud copper are also found in the neighbourhood !
Population, 229,
W E S T W O O D . - L'ar thesource of Sebostopol Creek, a tributary '
of the Pit/^roy Rivor, about 30 miles south-west from Rockbampton, ^
with which it is connected by railway line. The Coast Range, iu the '
immediate vicinity, aud its numerons sjiurs, impart a mountainous '
characte)' to the countty. The district is, to a large extent, pastoral. I
Population, 159. |
WINDORAH.-W^lndorah, or Stony Point, is situated near the i
right bimk of the Western Channel of Cooper's Crook, below the I
junction of the 'I'liomson and Barcoo Rivers, about 2,'iO miles west- I
uorth-wost from Charieville, The plains, of which the district consists
largely, are devoted to sheep-fanning aud rearing stock. In connection
with this part of Cooper's Creek, are numerous channels, effluents,
and ana-braucbes. To the west, bordering on South Australia, are
found sand-hills, aud stony areas ci-ossed by low barren ridges. Ou
the left bank of Cooper's Creek, extending south beyond tho
36th and 27th parallels, are hills aud low ranges of saudstoue
I-'ife'I't timber and stunted scrub covor their slopes,
les south-east from Windorah, iu tho Canaway Range,
About -10 u
opals have been found. Little has been done, however, towards
utilising the discoveiy. This result is due to tbe difficulty experienced
in reaching the locality from tho more ¡jopulous <!entres. About (30 miles
west from Windorah, in the Beal Range, gold is known to exist. Ti.e
rainfall is uncertain, and drought not infrequently makes itself felt
ou stock, and the vegetation of the plains, Popuhition, 103.
WINTON.—On the right bunk of the Western Jtiver, a tributai'y
of the Diamantina River, about 220 miles west-north-west from
Jericho Railway Station. The adjoining downs, intersected by the
Dia.nantina and its n - '
nirposes, 'l'ho
affluents, are well grassed, i
nsufficiency of the rainfall frequently
causes loss to the run-holdei's, ipal obstacle to
pj'ogreas. Population, 379.
W I T H E R S F I E I D . - X e a r the left bank of North Creek, a
tributary stream of the Nogoa River, about 203 miles west from
Rockhamptou, mth which it is connected by the Central Railway
Line. The surface of the country is diversified immediately to the
east by the A^akie Range, aud lo the south, by the Zamia Range,
aud a short distance to the west, rise tho low peaks of the Drummond
Chain. The district is almost entirely a pastoral one.
YAAMBA.-< •„ the left, bank of the Pitijroy Rivor, a short distance
above the confluence with it of Alligator Creek, about 20 miles
north-north-west from Rockhampton, and 30 miles inland h-om the
coast. Agi'iculture and grazing are the principal industries of the
disti-ict. Immediately to the west, on the north bank of the Fit«rc.y
River, is the Canooua Gold-field, the sceno of tbe early discoveries of
this metal in the colony, and of the subsequent disastrous " rush " of
miners. Population, 136.
TEPPOOIT.—Y'ei>poon is situated on a small navigable creek
ou the east coast, nearly opiiosito the North Keppel Island, about 2ii
miles north-east from Rockhampton. The district is an agricultural
nnd graaing one, A low spur from the Coast Range here skirts the
seaboard, and gives diversity to the country, A few miles inland is
the auriferous tract known as the Cawarral (.iold-field. Population
188. '
T U L E B A . -0. 1 the right bank of the Ynleba Ci'eek, a tributary
of the Condamine River, about 280 miles inland from Brisbane. The
adjoining country is largely occupied for pastoral purposes. Kxtensive
forests cover the land; from these art- obtained timbei- of a very good
quality. The Western Railway Line, which passes to the north of
the townshi]), provides
IS of c n \vitb the n
Populatioi