ATLAS OF AUSTRALlA-1886.
Kangp. Nenr the licnd ;vaters of Burke River it receives the
Selwj-u Bnnge, Fi-oin this poiut its couree is nortli-west, aud
approaclies the I38th meridian Ijroad plateaux are formed. This
elevated tract is knowu as Barfclsy Tableland. On the norther
slope i-ise the nwuerous streams which empty their watei-s into th,
Oulf of Cai-peutaria. and fi'om it^ soutlie.n face issue the head wate
of the Reorgina, Hamilton, Diamantina, and other rivei-s. These
ranges, do\vns, and jjlateanx form the northeru margin of the strip of
elevated country which, at a short distance inland from the seaboard,
is fouud \ritli almost unbrokeu continuity encircling the whole continent
of Australia.
The A^'an-ego Range separates the waters of the WaiTeg.
from the tributaries of the Barcoo, leaving the maiu chain a short
distance north from the 25th pai-allel, Its general direction is west,
and ultimately so«th-«-est, aud as it approaches the boundary of New
South Wales, it receives the uame Grey Range. A connection with
the interior ranges of the adjoining colony appears to be evident
The Cheviot Range is a low spur branching fi-om its western side neai
the 20th parallel. Thei'e is also reason to believe that the low series
of hills known ss the Canaway, Coleman, and McGregor's Ranges are
connected with it.
Herries Range branches from the main chain near the source of
the Severn Biver, and, w t h a general dii-ection to the noith-west
separates the basins of the Condatnine and Macintyre Rivers. Mount
Domville, one of its principal peaks, attains an altitude of 2,140 feet
above the level of the sea,
Commencing at the north, the first lateral range of any importance
on the eastern side of the Great Dividing Range, is one situated south
of the Ivth parallel. A short distance from the main chain it becomes
divided, one part turning to the north, called Lamb Range, a second
part continuing south-east to the seaboard, nearly opposite Duiik
Island, and a third portion proceeding south along the coast, terminating
near the mouth of the Herbert River. Mount Leach, at the
southeni estremic>- of this Range, reaches an elevation of 2,750 feet
above sea-level.
Between tbe upper watei-s of the Bnrdekia River and the basin of
the Herbert, occurs a lateral chain, which ultiwatflly becomes identified
with one of the Coast Ranges.
The Drummoud Range is a spur of some importance. It leaves
mam chain at a point opposite the interaection of the Warrego
Range, and has a direction varj-ing between n ueuveen noorrttnh aanndd nnoorrtthh--eeaasstt ,
imtil it meets the mogrtains of tlie coast. In longitude 148°, it throws
off the Peak Range to the south-east. At the source of the Isaacs
Hivor, it is known as the Denbam Range.
Ashort distance south from the 25tb parallel, there is the Carnan-on
Range. Its general direction, as it diverges from the main chain, is
east J near tbe 149th meridian, a northerly ooui-se is assumed Towards
its termination it is called the Expedition Range. Bigge's and Lynd
Ranges branch to the east and south-east, on its eastern side. It
sepai-ates some of the tributaries of the Comet and Dawson Rivers
The basius of the Dawson and Rawbeile Rivers are separated
by a spur from the Great Dividing Range. It has a direction slightly
to the east of north, and divides into two parts as it approaches the
Coast Ranges.
The Stuart and Cooyar Ranges leave the pai-ent chain immediately
north of the 27th parallel, the latter reaching the mountains of
the coast.
The Macpherson Range forms part of the boundaiy behveen the
colonies of Queensland and New South \rales, aud extends east from
the main chain to the coast, at Point Danger.
Coast RASOKS.-Tbese mountains lie between the Great Dividiog
Cham and the eastern seaboard, and, generally speaking, assume
a position parallel,to it. Many of the peaks rise to a considerable
altitude, but, with one or two exceptions, the ranges of the coast are
of less average elevation than the Dividing Range. In many places
they form boundaries of the river basins, but their coutinuitv is
frequently broken by these streams as they approach the sea. Under
u general view, their character is detached, lacking the unity of a
system.
A low fiat range, described as a sandstone tableland is found in
latitude 13° south. It separates two small streams kuomx as the
Jeannie and Starcko Rivers from the wl l ey of the Normanby River,
but is of inconsiderable extent. '
The basin of the Burdekin River is bounded on the east by a low
itmge which ap],roaches within 10 miles of the coast at Halifax Bay
I t contains sev-eral passes, and is crossed by the railway line from
Towusville to Torrens Creek and tbe interior.
The Leicbhai'dt Range extends fi'om the south bank of tbe
Burdekin River, and separates the sn.ali streams falling into the
Bowen River from the tributaries of the Suttor River.
Clarke's Range lies about 50 miles to the east of the Leichhardt
Range, aud runs abnost parallel to it. forming the eastern boundary
of the basin of the Bowen River, On its eastern slope the scrub is of
a very dense character. Numerous streams of on unimportant
character take their rise in these mountains.
North from the 22nd parallel, there is Connoi-s Bange, It throws
off a spur which extends east to Cape Palmerston. Farther south,
tlie same chain is known as the Broad Sound Ranges, and after
crossing the 23rd parallel, the Boomer Mountains. They separate the
affluents of the Isaacs River fi-om the smaü streams flowing east into
Bi-oad Sound.
Dawes and Burnett Ranges give rise to several of the tributaries
of the RawbeUe River. On their eastern slopes are collected part of
the watei-s of the Kolan River. A spur fi'om Dawes Range, extending
to the coast, separates tie waters of the Kölau River, on the
south, from those of Baffle Creak and the Boyne River on the north.
Tbe basins of the Bui'nett and Mary Rivera are divided by a low
range which, near its southern termination, is intersected by the
Cooyav Range, a spur from the main chain. Near the souree of the
Stanley River, it forms a curve, and turns to the north, appi^oaching
within a few miles of the coast. Here the name Blaokall Range has
been bestowed upon it.
Isolated Moontaiss.—These occur, for tbe most part, near the
item seaboard, though, with less elevation, they are found also in
rious parts of the interior. The following are the more prominent:
Mount Maltkeu—A short distance inland from the southern shore
of Cleveland Bay. Height, 1,825 feet.
Suvimil of Mayuetic Island—Seight, 1,700 feet.
Mount Elliot—IS miles south-west from the mouth of the Houo-hton
River. Height, 4,060 feet. °
Mount Rmndhack — Immediately north of the 20th parallel
Height, 2,580 feet.
^Moku! Bryande^'—Seav the source of the Gregory River, Height,
Mount AlheHon—la latitude 22° 45' south. Height, 1,
Mmrke Bill—A. short distance west fi'om Bovne Island
<45 feet.
Mount jUaria—Between Baffle and Euleilah Creeks
1,100 feet.
tSO feet.
Height,
Height,
Mount Cotton—A. short distance north from the Logan River
Height, 878 feet.
Mount 64-ejory—South of the 22ud parallel, and between the
Belyando River and Mistake Creek, It is said that subterranean
•ises a re frequently heard in this mountain.
P r m « of Mountam Ra^iges.—lhs following names Imve become
sociated w t h various portions of the Great Dividing Chain ;—
1. Richardson Range,
2. Sil- William Thompson Range.
3. Mclhvraith Range.
4. Craig's Range.
5. Bnnya Bunya Mountains,
The spurs from the main chain have, in some cases, received
The following are the i r ,
1. Lamb Range.
2. Sea View Range.
3. Gregory Range.
4. Newcastle Range
5. Druroinoiid Range.
(3. Peak Range.
7. Denham Range.
8. Warrego Range.
0. Cheviot Range.
10. Grey Range,
11. Buckland's Tableland,
12. Camai-vou Range.
13. Expedition Range.
14. Stuart Range.
15. Cooyar Range.
16. Little Liverpool Range.
17. Miicphei'son Ri-.ngo.
18. Darlington RaTige.
The following appellHtions are
Ranges
1. Bollonden Ker Mountains.
2. Clarke's Range.
3. Leichliai'dt Range.
4. Connors Range.
5. Broad Sound Ranges.
6. Boomer Mountains.
7. Many Peak Ranges.
e prominent :-
used in connection with the Const
8. Gwynne's Range.
9. Dawes Range,
10. Burnett Range,
11. Blackall Range.
12. D'Acquülar's Range.
QUEENSLAND.
WnK
Uolphus of Dngim,
Ooubl« Sl0|)iiig Hi
Hirnimock ,.,
ItoniPcak ,..
Couilinbnlu ...
irnrriblo
ItlltlOil
Melhuurno ...
Slepiionsoii ...
, iMlrmlJlaijrx.
Tiiblo Top
Koüiston
Burku ...
Uorino
Jliilgmve ...
Nicholiou ...
Wolffiinfr ...
I. Omi lla»g--K.
Harlln Fröre ...
Uelleiiilou Ki;r
Dtilrvmplo ...
Soi)hk ...
Jlaisin
Frctlerick I'mka
ni6(ni,l Hill ...
Ony l-mkf ...
Dlnoiin
[ion I 111 I
Oroj I'c
MnpiiTO
tiigh DoiibK-..
Stanley
,S,ÜS2
Drainage—Queensland a large portion
of the surface is well watered, and suited in every respect to the
pasturing of flocks and herds, and tbo growth of the various products
which find a place in tropical and sub-tropical countries. Reference
to a map of the colony reveals the fact that thei-e are three distinct
slopes from the cnlminating lines on its surface: these govem the
direction of the rivera, and deteimine, in a great measure, the volume
and velocity of their streams. The Great Dividing Chain is the
pnucipal element in the formation of the several slopes, On its
eastern side, the spurs which radiate from it, and also the Coast
Ranges, modify, to a vei'y large extent, tbe courses of the rivers,
increasing their lengths by forcing them to assume positions more or
less parallel to the seaboard. In other cases, a similar result is
pi'oducod by the windings of the different streams among tbe hills and
ridges before they succeed in reaching the sea. On the western side
of the Dividing Range, the slopes are more direct, and the courses of
(lie rivers less tortuous. The fall towards the colonies of New South
Wales aud South Anstraba, which governs almost the entire drainage
of tbe interior of Queensland, is bounded on the north by the
culminating lino of the tableland of the north coast of Australia.
In general terns, it may be said that tie lands of the east and
north coast« are well watered, but in
rainfall is insufficient, and the
to fluctuation.
xny parts of the plains the
e of the rivei-3 small and liable
I The drainage of Que
I beads:—
' I.
ind may bo treated imder the following
towards the Pacific Ocean.
2. Slope towards the Gulf of Cai-pentaria.
3. Sonth-west slope towards the colonies of New South Wales
and Sonth Australia.
Si.oi'i; lowAHDS THE Pacific Oceaji.—
The fall in the direction of the Pacific Ocean includes some of the
best portions of the colony, as regards climate, soil, and facilities for
shipment to consuming centres, without which the products of the
former lose much of theii' inherent value. Here also, in the pictnresquciiess
and beauty of scenery to bo fonnd on every hand, amid the
mountains and valleys, and on the banks of the many streams, tJie
uducement to pei-mnnent settlement is of a more marked character
•n the V it plains of the interior.
Kenned,/.—The Kennedy River is u small stream near the northern
extremity of Cape York Peninsula. Its source approaches within 2
miles of the lower course of the Jardine River. The waters of this
stream reach the sea nt the head of Newcastle Bay.
iirnwiiiiiin.—The Macmillan River rise:
tbe Sir William Thompson Range, and fio.
Bay.
idstone slopes of
5t into Margaret
PiHcoe,—The waters of this stream are collected near the northern
end of the Mollm-aith Range. Its courae forms almost a semicircle
I and ends nt Weymouth Bay.
' LoMart.—The Lockhart River, a small stream, has a northerly
I direction, and empties its waters into Lloyd Bay,
I .Sii<r«ri.—The Stewart River reaches the sea north of Claremont
' Point.