164 ANKALS OF THE KOYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA. [¿). QalappariUS
10-15 cm. long, erect, appressed to the raaiu axis, with i - 5 piunately set, gradually
diminishing spikelets on each side ; secondary spathes very short, aauular, prolonged
at one side into a scale-liko, triaugiilar, acuminate point; spikelets rigid, rather
thick, with their axes acutely trigonous and when bearing fruit diverging at an
angle of 45° and with a distinct axillary callus ; the lower spikelets of each
infioroscence 5-7 cm, long, with 2 series of 7-8 slightly assurgent flowers ; the
upper spikelets somewhat shorter, flowers fewer; involucrophorum thick, 3-4 mm. long,
angular, obconic; involucre appearing like a short prolongation of the involucrophorum
and terminating in a discoid flat surface ; areola of the neuter flower uiche-like,
rather deep, flower scar hori2iOnt!il and not swollen. Fruiting perianth very shortly
pedicelîiform. Fruit comparatively very large, spherical, very shortly and broadly
conical-beaked or mammillate, 22-24 mm. in diameter (when perfectly mature); scales
arranged in 18 longitudinal series, very narrowly and sharply grooved along the
centre, of a uniform light straw-colour, convex, shining, with a very narrow,
slightly discoloured, erosely-tootheil margin ; tips not produced, obtuse. Seed
somewhat irregularly globular, 16 mm. in diacn. slightly ventricose on the raphal
side, very minutely tubercled and pitted, strongly ruminate with very narrow and
numerous channels ; the chalaza punctiform, superficial, inconspicuous.
HABITAT.—The Philippines : Camp Keithley, Lake Lanao, Mindanao, Mary Strong
190r, (No. 1227, Herb. Bureau of Science, Manila).
OBSERVATIOKS.—Related to D, oclirolepis, but distinguishable by its very narrowly
ensiform leaflets and laa-ger fruit. The fruit of D. Ckmensianas is about the size
of that of D. Calapparius and is one of the largest in the genus.
PLATB 67.—Daemouorops Clemensianus Intermediate portion of a leaf (upper
surface); lower and intermediate portion of a spadix with mature fruits; upper portion
of a leaf-sheath with the base of a petiole and an entire male spadix in flower; one
seed entire and another longitudinally out through the embryo. From Clemeus's
No. 1297 in Herb. Manilla and Beccari.
63. DAEMONOSOPS CALAPPABIUS B1. Rumphia, iii, 7; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm, iii,
331; Walp. Ann. iii, 481 and v, 829; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii, 103; Becc.
88.
Calamus Calapparius Mart. 1. c. 209, 1st edit.; Griff, in Calc. Journ. Nat.
Hist, v, 44 and 45; Miq. De Palm. Arc. Ind. 21, and 29; H. Wendl.
in Kerch. Palm. 335 (excl. C. petraeus Lour.); Kunth, Enum. PI. iii, 208.
Calamus (sect. Daemonorops) amhoinmais Miq. De Palm. Arc. Ind. 20 and ¿8;
H. Wendl. in Kerch. Palm. 235; Becc. Maleaia, i, 88.
Palmißtncus Calapparius Rumph. Herb. Amb. v,
Collez. di G. E. Rumph, 163.
pi. 51; Martelli, Le
DESCRIPTION. Very large and high scandent. Sheathed stem at times as thick
1 the arm. Leaf-slmtlis densely covered with slender, short, needle-like spines, the
D. Calapparius'] BECCARI. THE SPECIES OF DAEMONOROPS. 165
mouth truncate and armed with spines not longer ihan those on the sheath. Leaves
large, oirriferous, about 2-5 m. long in the pinniferous part; petiole robust, about 15
mm. broad, convex and almost smooth beneath, flattish on the upper surface where
covered with numerous, short, conical, black-tipped prickles; the edges acute and
prickly; the rachis, in its lower portion is, like the petiole, prickly on tho upper
surface with a furrow on each side for the insertion of the leaflets, and highor up is
bifaced with a very acute, not prickly, salient angle; on the under surface, the rachis
is armed but not very densely with claws at first solitary, then ternate and on the
cirrus o-nate and half-whorled; leaflets very numerous, rather closely set, equidistant,
firmly papyraceous, green, very slightly paler beneath, linear-ensiform,
tapering very sligiitly towards the base where they bend very suddenly backwards,
very gradually acuminate towards the apex, 3-costuIate with a rather
slender mid-costa and one strong secondary nerve on each side of it, which with
the mid-costa beneath are furmshad with several 1 cm. long, very fine, spreading,
epadiceous bristles; transverse veinlets rather sharp, not very crowded, translucent;
margins finely and rather closely spinulous; the largest leaflets (the intermediate)
35-40 cm. long and 15 mm. broad; those nearer to the petiole are narrower
and shorter, those towards tho upper end remote, and rudimentary. Male spadix
Fmah spadix rigid, rather short, about 40 cm. long, in one (incomplete ?) specimen,
{2-'2-o feet according to Rumph), with but few partial inflorescences; the peduncular
part armed like the sheaths (Rumph); the largest partial inflorescences (in the
specimen seen by me) about 12 cm. long, and carry distichously 5-6 spikelets on
each side; spikelets rigid 7-8 cm. long (or at times 10-12 ?) with 5-8 hifarious
flowers on each side; their axes rusty-fur fm-aceous, very minutely and densely
scabrid, sinuous, and irregularly angular; spathels represented by a very narrow
Bcai'ious ring, very shortly apiculate at one side; involucrophorum rather thick,
3-5 mm, long, obconical, obsoletely angular, spreading, with a narrow base
distinctly callous with a transverse fovea at its axilla, broader at its upper end but
without a distiTict limit; involucre very short, slightly surpassing the involucrophorum
and terminating iu a broad, flat, orbicular surface, which is bordered by a very narrow
annular margin; areola of the neuter flower concave, niche-like, broader than high,
the scar punctiform, not swollen. Fruiting perianth esplanate. Fruit comparatively
large, spherical, very shortly and suddenly beaked, 23-24 mm. in diameter ; scales
very narrowly and neatly grooved along the centre, regularly rhomboidal, glossy,
of a uniform light-brown colour with a very narrow lighter acarious margin, the
tips obtuse. Seed globular, coarsely pitted, 14 mm. in diameter, ruminated almost
to the centre with numerous very narrow channels, filled with a very dark stuff;
embryo basal, penetrating almost to the centre of the albumen; chalazal fovea
sub-apical, narrow, circular, deep, obliquely penetrating quite to the centre of the
seed, and almost opposite to the embryo.
HABITAT.—Amboina on the mountains at Hitoo according to Rumph, who gives
the following vernacular names for i t : Malayan name " Rotang Calappa" on account
of its apical bud or " cabbage," which is eatable like that of the " Calappa tree"
[Coaoi mci/cra) : Amboinese names " Ua Hahulu" or the " H a i r y Rotang," and
also " U a Niwel"—the "niwel" is the "Cocoa tree—" and also "Ua mamina" for