138 ANNALS OP THE ROZAL BOTANIO dAftDEN, CALCUrTA [¿). HysMX
Not essentially differing from the specimens coming from the Malay Peninsula
are somo with fruit and leaves, collected by Teljsoaann at R i o ; these hare an
oblong fruit, 18-20 mm. long, including the perianth, and U mm. broad, and Iiave
the spikelets at times branched, and each branchlet with 3-5 flowers.
I consider as belonging to D. Hystrix some fruits of a Samatran
wliich I have seen in the Herbaria of Leyden and Utrecht, but
fruiting Bpadix collected by Toijsmana at Muara dua in the Residency of Paleoibang
(No. 3592 Herb. Hort. Bot. Bogor.). Tliis spadix, however, has the peduncular part
densely prickly all rouud as in D. oblongus.
Observatio MS.—According to Griffith, D. Eystru is an extensive climber. Sir
George King's collector assigns 3*5-5 m. to the plaata from which he had gathered
his Herbarium specimens. Apparently the plants of D. Syslrix begin to flower when
atill very young and have a short stem, but this may acquire with time a great
length. It is however a very polymorphic species, and varies not only as to the
general size of the plant, but also as to the degree of spineseence of the leaf-sheaths,
petioles and spathea, and also as to the dimensions of and relation between the
length and breadth of the fruit. 0. Sysiriz is very closely related to D. oblongus
and D. KortkaUii, the first being its representative form in Java, and the second ia
Borneo. In D. Hyalrix the spines round the mouth of the leaf-sheatha are longer,
broader, and usually more numerous than in D. oUongus in which the peduncular
part of the spadix is a good deal more densely armed, and the spines are more slender
more closely set and oftener confluent than in D. Hystrix; the leaflets of D. oblongus
have on the under surface -i-o rather remotely bristly nerves, while in D. Sysiriz the
5 ñervos are coverod with a continuous line of very minute and closely set bristles ;
further the fruit of D. Hystrn is never so elongate and cylindraxieous as that
of D. oblongus. For the differences with D. Kortkalsii see the obsei-vitinns on that
species, and regarding 0. hirsutas see the observations on C. obbngus.
What Griffith has written at p. 81 of his large work belongs to D. Hystrij; to
the heading that begins: " T h e following additional particulars," etc., which particulars
are referable to a species with fascicled leaflets, which I have been unable to
identify.
P l a t e 55.—Daemonorops Hystrix Mart. (Forma typica). The upper part of a
leaf-sheath; and base of the petiole with a young female spadix in situ; two veiy
young female spadices; an entire-panicle with full grown fruits} the upper end of a
leaf (undersurface); seeds, from raphal and aiiti-raphal side; seed longitudinally cut
through the chalazal fovea and the embryo. From specimens in Herb. Beccari
collected by Ridley in Singapore.
Daemoííokops Hystkix var. minok Becc. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi, 469.
Calamus Hystrix var. Gri£E. 1. c.
DiiSCRiPTiON.—Smaller, 1-3 m. high. Sheathed stem 1-2 cm. in diameter. Leaves
6 0 - 7 0 cm. in length including the petiole and cirrus; leaflets 14-15 cm. long, 9-10
D. elongatus} BECCAEI. THJî SPECIES OP DAEMONOEOPS. 139
mm. broad. In one specimen the fruiting spadix is only 12 cm. long, in others
3 0 - 4 0 ; »pikelets with only 2 - 4 flowers on each side. The spines at the mouth of
the leaf-sheatha are 10-15 cm. long, and of the usual form; otherwise tlie leafsheaths
are armed as in the type, but to a smaller degree. The primary spathes
are feebly armed, and usually only along the centre of the dorsum; often they
have an acute apex. The fruit is considerably less elongate than in tlie type, is
ovoid or at times subglobular-ovoid, 12-14 mm. long (not including the perianth)
and 10 mm. broad; tiie scales are arranged in 15 longitudinal series, 6-7 in each,
not counting those not well developed at the ends. Seed gl-bular-ovoid, 8 mm.
long, 6-0 mm. broad.
Habitat.—The Malayan Peninsula at Larut in the District of Perak {Scorieohini
in Herb. Beccari), also Eing's collector Nos. 5097 and 1882 in Herb. Calcutt.
Observations.—It is impossible to draw a line of strict demarcation between
this variety and the type, each exhibiting so many intermediate forms between
them. Griffiths mentions this variety under the Malay an name " R, Pufia isur " ; probably
H misprint for Pusa ikor (" P u s a " a cat and ' ' i k n r ' ' a tail) on account of
the form of its small tail-like spadix, before floweiing.
P l a t e 56.—Daemonorops Hystrix var. minor Decc. From specio-ens collected by
Scortechini in the District of Perak (Herb. Beccari.).*
62. Daemonouopb elonqatus. B1. Rumphia iii, 16; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm, iii,
3 2 9 ; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii, 93; Walp. Ann. iii, 478 and v, 828;
Becc. in Rec. Bot. Surv. Ind. ii, 226; Ridley Mat. Fl. Malay
Penins. ii, 185 (excl. syn.).
Calamus (Sect. Daemonorops) ehvgatus Miq. Anal. Bot. Ind. 6, and De Palm,
Arc. Ind. 28; H. WeEdl. in Kerch. Palm. 236.
DrscRiPTiON.—Apparently not very high scandent, or suberect. Sheathed item 5-3-5
cm. in dinm. Leaf sheaths not or only very slightly gibbous above, their mouth armed
(as in P ohhtigus) with several very long, straight, laminar, blackish or epadiceous
spines; on Uie body the spines are numerous, subulate, flat, rigid, 1-3 cm. long, ascen^
dent or iipreadinf, brown, solitary and scattered. Leaves rather large, 1-1-5 m. long in
the pinnifeirtms part and terminating in a not veiy lorg and slender cirrus; petiole
elongate, S5-50 cm. long, 8 - 1 0 mm. broad, slightly concave above near the base, planoconvex
in the intermediate portion, and more or less biconvex higher up, smooth
or slightly prickly on the upper surface; underneath armed along the centre with
straight, deflcxed spines and also taore or less with small scattered pnckles; the
margins are rather obtuse aod carry several rigid, robust, subulate, 2—7 cm. long,
spreading or horizontal spines, of which the loTver ara the longest; rachis armed
beneath at first with rather long, suddenly deflexed, solitary claws, -which become 3-
nate higher up; on the upper surface the racbis has at first an obtuse but from the
middle upwards acute salient angle, smooth throughout, with flat side faces; leaflets
rather numerous, inequidistant but not distinctly grouped, alternate or sub-opposite; in
each group, in the intermediate portion, they are 1-5-3 cm. apart, with the naked
spaces between the groups 4-6 cm. in length, green and almost glossy on both
* See aJso page 224 and plate 106 for description of D. Ii;/strix 7:
A S K . ROY. BOT. GARD,, CALCRITA, VOL. X I I .