1 0 0 ANNALS OF .THE EOYAL BOTANIC QAEDE-N, CALOUTTA. [/J. S a m s m r u m '
P l a f e 36.—Daemonorops macropterus Becc. An intermediate portion of a leaf,
under surface. Portion of the petiole of a leaf with the apical part of the leafsheath.
An entire male spadix ^in two pieces) before the opening of tlie spathes, A
male apadix after the anthesis with the lowest spathe in situ. From the plant
cultivated at l^uitonzorg under the name of C. macropterus Miq.
P l a t e 3r.—Daemonorops macropterus Becc. The fruiting spadix, and the portion o£
the leaf which accompanies it in the Herbarium at Buitenzorg. These are portions of
the type specimen upon which Miquel established his Calamu« macropieru»,
33. Daemonobops SAKAaiNORUii Warb.; name only in Herb. Berol.
Descbiptios.—Very large and robust. Sheathed tlem apparently 6-7 cm. in diam.
Leaf-sheatka extraordinarily aud ^ery densely covered with innumerable, unequal, often
very long (up to 5-6 cm.}, black, elastic, very narrowly laeuinar, rigid or needle-like,
also criniform spines. Leaves very large; rachis in the intermediate portion fluttisU and
remotely clawed on the lower sarfaue; on the upper surface loundisii or with a vory
obsolete or obtuse angle, rather densely armed at the sides and along the centre with
short, . rigid, asceiidetit spines. {Leaflets numerous, equidistant, rather closely and very
Bpreadingly set, narrowly ensiform, suddenly diminishing towards the base, about oO
cm. long and 3 cm. wide in their broadest part,—S-IS cm. above tlie base—and theiic®
very gradually acuminate to a long, subulate and bristly tip, somewhat firmly
papyraceous, green, concolorous and dull on both surfaces, rather distinctly S-costulafce;
the mid-oosta acute and the side costae slender, all three more or less bristly on the
upper surface, but the mid-costa alone bristly from the middle upwards on the lower
aurfiice ; transverse veinlets minute, short, approximate aud rather distinct on both
surfaces ; the lower margin is rather distinctly thickened and has a very narrow polished
band on the upper surface ; margins rather closely and spreadingly bristly-ciliate. Mile
spadiz supra-decompound, narrow and elongate-ouprcssiform with several, erect, compact
or densely flowered—appressed, strict, gradually diminishing partial inflorescences;
spikelets covered with an abundant furfuraceous indumentum, the largest (the lowest of
each branchlet) are about 2 cm. long, and have 10-12 irregularly set flowers; the axis
of the spikelets is very slender and filiform; secondary spathes, spathela and involucra
excessively small or obsolete. Male fioioers short (4 mm. long), thickish, irregular, with
the anthers quite exserted from the corolla even when they are still very young, and
enclosed within the spathes ; the calyx is very small, almost flat, trigonous or S-toothed ;
the corolla is a good deal longer than the calyx, and is divided below the middle
into 3 coriace^ms, strongly striately-veined, asymmetrically-oblong and obtuse lobes ;
stamens with rather thick subulate filaments; anthers basifixed, oblong, often asymmetrical,
obtuse, deeply parted, or sagittate at the base ; rudimentary ovary small, 3-fid. FemaU
tpadiz elongate, strict, cupressiform, with a very short, densely spinous, pedicellar
p a r t ; spathes coriaceous, tubular before flowering; the outermost apparently not much
shorter than the inner ones—iu one specimen 60 cm. long—fusiform, opening flat during
the anthesis, narrowing almost equally to both ends, but gradually prolonged into an
elongate, rigid, narrow tip, strictly coriaceous, glossy and of a cinnamon colour
internally, and oxternally very densely covered with innumerable long, narrow, laminar,
subulate, more or less irregularly confluent, black spines; inner spathes unarmed,
thinly coriaceous, cinnamon-brown ; axis] of the spadix rigid, fugaciously furfuraceous,
D. robustus.j iiECCAKL THE SPECIES OF DAEMONOROPS. 101
smooth and polished; secondary spathes very short, annular; the partial inflorescences
erect, appressed to the axis, about 12-14 cm. long, with 5-6 spikelets on each side;
the latter 6-10 em. long, wih about 10 regularly distichous flowers on each aide;
spathels very small, scale-like, triangular, scarious, acute; invohicrophorum pedicelliform,
subtrigonous, 4-5 mm. long, produced at ono side (in the apical part; into a small,
triangular, acute, bracteiform point ; involucre also pedicelliform and subtrigonous,
slightly raised above the involucropliorum, disciform above; areola of the neuter flower
punctiiorm, indistinct. Female flowera at the time of the anthesis 4 mm. long, exclusive
of the stigmas which are exserted from the corolla and are about as long; the whole
length of the female flowers is therefore about 8 mm.; calyx very short, cupular,
polished (not striate), superficially 3-toothed; corolla ventricose-urceolate, strongly
striately veined, coriaceous, about 3 times as long as the calyx, having 3 broadly
triangular, acute teeth ; the staminal urceolum lines the whole inner surface of the
corolla, forms a fleshy ring at its moutl), and is crowned with 6 shortly subulate
teeth; authors erect, basitixed, sagittate, acute, exserted; ovary globular; stigmata
sessile, conspicuous, fleshy, sinuous, with numerous thick lamellae on the inner side,
entirely exserted from the corolla dui-ing the anthesis. Fruit unknown.
Habitat.—Tomohon in N. Celebes iu the Province of Minahassa {Sarann No. 1082
in Herb. Berol.),
Observa TICKS.—A very robust, well-marked and handsome species, apparently
related to D. macropierus. The leaf-sheaths by their very dense covering of long
black, rigid, hair-like spines, resemble the back of a wild boar.
It is easily distinguishable by its very peculiar flowers, the male not having
the anthers enclosed as usual within the corolla, but entirely protruding beyond it
even before the flowering stage; in the same way the female flowers, at the time
of the authesis and apparently even before it, have the relatively very large
stigmas quite exstrted from the cotolla.
P l a t e 38.—Daemonorops Sarasinorum Warb.
Portion of the leaf-sheath; an
Df a male spadix with unexpanded
flower and with its lowest i
intermediate portion of a leaf; the terminal part
flowers; tlie lower portion of a female spadix in
in situ. From the authentic specimen in the Herbarium at Berlin.
34. Daxmonoeops eobustus Warb.; name only in H^rb. Berol.
Description.—Scandent and apparently large, leaves very large. Peiiole.... ;
rachis in its upper portion armed underneath with very; robust, 5-7-nate claws bifaced
above and with a salient, smooth angle; leaflets numerous, subequidistant, not very
approximate, ensiform, somewhat narrowing towards the base, gradually acuminate to
he tip, 60 cm. long, 2-5 cm. broad, papyraceous, green and subconcolorous on both
surfaces, with the mid-costa acute and naked on the upper surface, accompanied by a
few ^ccondary nerves, one of which, on each side, is slightly stronger tlian the others,
and furnished with remote bristles, especially from the middle upwards; the mid-costa
alone is bristly on the lower surface ; transverse veinlets very minute, approximate and
Dumerous, not very sharp; lower marpn on the upper surface opaque, very slightly
thickened; margins very remotely, indistinctly and appressedly spinulous. The upper
U