INTEODUCTIOJT.
h . v o come, and, on ft, other, t h e two found in the A n d a m a n Group (Z). J f » « and
D. K»r.iaL,). These l a t t e r a g a i n , b y way of S u m a t r a , m a y h a™ g e n e r a t e d all the
f o r m s a l l i e d to D. melanocJmtes.
I n d i a , - p ^ p e r ^ y . - c a l l e ^ ^^Lrir^ZZ^J^^^STt
ot tneae oniy i „f 26 sneoios ot Daeimnonifs his
« namely, and . — ^ ^ ^
i o w e v e r , c o u s t i t n t e s a t y p e q u i t e p e e u h a r to B o r n e o . Jr r
f o u r (D. Draconcell«,, V. ,naUa«nm, D. .forriflon« and D. f » « ^ ' ) J
T L o g r o u p ; f i v e ' o t h e r s o . „ u s , D. «'»»f"". i ^ » ' « " "»
a n d D. vagaiu) to t h a t of D. E f t t H i .
S e v e n or e i g h t speoies of Dacmmrops, especially those f o r m i n g part of the r B: - - " = - —•
D. cnnUus, U crutatus, mdamCmUs, V.
B o r n e o are nrd.genous, ^he somewhat wide d i f f u s i o n of
b e i n g , as it is, a l i t t o r a l species.
N e r t to the l l a l a y P e n i n s u l a and Borneo in wealth of species r a n k s S m n a t ra
i t h « f 14 or 1 5 - but probably, in this great island, t h e r e e . i s t several new
s ^ i l L a k g d i s c o v e r y f o n the other hand some of those i n d i c a t e d as
S u m a t r a n h a v e b e e n i n c l u d e d in t h e list on v e r y u n c e r t a m data.
Of the 14 Daemomrof. proper to S u m a t r a , six species belong to CjmUspatU
I m g t i e S u m a t r a n are some very J ^ ^ ^ j ^ ^t
wh ch c a i y d i f f e r s ' f r o m i>. « ¡ « t i f o U . . of the M a l a y P e n i n s u l a . iaken ToX, rrthfT/:: ir:;:^:: r
l e r s (C a - ^ X l , D. «riicilUns, D. D. and B. ¡^n^uMu.)
r a l s o ' t h a h L t . of the Malayan P e n i n s u l a . Among t h e p u r e l y S u m a t r a n species,
GEOGBAPHICAL DISTBIBTJTION. 15
T h e island of B a n g k a , the Sora of w l u c h a p p e a r s to have m o r e a f f i n i t y w i t h t h at
of S u m a t r a than with t h a t of J a v a , possesses no i n d i g e n o u s f o r m s of Dmmmrofi so
f a r as is known at p r e s e n t , but it does possess some v a r i e t i e s or g e o g r a p h i c a l forms
of Z>. mbmchaetes, a v a r i e t y of D. palevilmicm together with D. triehroui and D.
• ^ i n ' o i m i i o s - a l s o f o u n d in S u m a t r a , and B. hngife>, which m a y be c o n s i d e r e d to bo
t h e most w i d e l y d i f f u s e d species of t h e g e n u s.
T h e five Daemonmfs of Celebes are all endemic Pifbipaihm, but f o u r of these
[D. macro,Items, D. Sm-aiimmm, D. rolusf.m, D. lamproUfu) form a sub-group by
t h e m s e l v e s , c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the i n n e r spathcs e x t e n d i n g only very s l i g h t l y beyond
t h e o u t e r m o s t ; to this group belongs D. nigcr, a species proper to the Moluccas.
T h e fifth Oelebesian species (Z). nieddkmut) is a t y p i c a l tiftosfaiha.
T h e Philippine species of DaBTmnorops are seven in n u m b e r ; of these
J). Oaudiehmidii and D. Ourmnii are r e s p e c t i v e l y r e l a t e d to D. Eicdelmma from
C e l e b e s and D. ehngiilui from B o r n e o ; D. Loisrianm apparently b e l o n g s to a group
of species pecuKar to Celebes {D. maenpterm, D. lampnlqm)-, I), ochrolepis and
D Clememiauta approach D. CaUpparim of t h e M o l u c c a s ; D. Margaritae var. palawmicm
i s ' o n e of t h e f o r m s r e f e r a b l e to t h e p o l y m o r p h i c D. mehmchaetei, and D. virescem
i s p l a i n l y d e r i v e d f r o m D. Imgipts ; hence it is clear that the Daemonorops of the
P h i l i p p i n e s , a l t h o u g h endemic, are derived f r o m forms b e l o n g i n g to Celebes and
t h e Moluccas. From all that has been stated, it is easy to deduce that the
f o r m a t i v e centre of the Daemmroft hes w i t h i n the area in which t h e Malayan
P e n i n s u l a , Borneo and S u m a t r a are i n c l u d e d ; and that thence certain species
h a v e spread out to the e x t r e m e limits ot M a l a y s i a , into Celebes, the P h i l i p p i n e s,
t h e Moluccas, to the Aru Qroup, into the I n d o - C h i n e s e P e n i n s u l a , and into the
m a r i t i m e t r o p i c a l parts of China.
T h e division Cymbospatim has its p r i n c i p a l focus in the Malayan Peninsula,
w h e r e a s the greater number of FiptmpalM species are found in Borneo. No
Ogmioipatlia is k n o w n to exist in Celebes, in the P h i l i p p i n e G r o u p p r o p e r , or in the
Moluccas, and b u t one, as m e n t i o n e d above, g r o w s i n P a l a w a n . It follows t h e r e f o re
t h a t Ih^' Opuhospathcie constitute the most c h a r a c t e r i s t i c g r o u p ot palms ol t h e most
c e n t r a l d i v i s i o n of the M a l a y a n flora. The greater number of Damomropa prefer
t h e l o w J y i n g f o r e s t s near t h e coasts for their h a b i t a t . It is among these that
t h e species with t h e widest g e o g r a p h i c a l d i s t r i b u t i o n are f o u n d ; also it seems to
b e q u i t e clear t h a t it is f r o m these l i t t o r a l species that those others which have
s t r a y e d f a r t h e s t f r o m t h e o r i g i n a l c e n t r e ot p r o d u c t i o n derive t h e i r origin.
T h u s B. pakmtmicus and D. melamehietes may derive f r o m D. Manii and D.
Kursiantu of the A n d a m a n I s l a n d s ; w h i l e D. aruaiii of t h e A i u G r o u p is a g a in
d e r i v e d f r o m D. mlamclmetis; D. longipa may have been t h e p a r e n t of D. vmcms
i n t h e P h i l i p p i n e s , and p e r h a p s of a n o t h e r species also, which i n h a b i t s the most
s o u t h e r n i s l a n d s of t h e J a p a n e s e G r o u p.
T h e Daemmnft do not a p p e a r to seek so h i g h a m o u n t a i n h a b i t a t as t h e Oalami.
B. Jenkmsimm is c e r t a i n l y a species which p r e f e r s m o u n t a i n o u s regions, but it
does not a p p a r e n t l y a t t a i n a n y v e r y g r e a t e l e v a t i o n e i t h e r in t h e H i m a l a y a s or in
Some species p r o p e r to t h e M a l a y a n P e n i n s u l a [B. mniicolm, B. m/am and