6 0 OP THE EOYAL BOTA:IIC GABDE>R, CAICUTTA. [/J, Kurzimus.
plates illustrating D. grattdis, I consider as quite certain only plato OCX, A.
which exactly corresponds to the specimens examined by me. Griffith's specimens
in Kew Herbarium are accompanied by a few loose fruits, which really seem
to belong to the leafy type-specimen of D. ffrandis, and these I have
made use of in the description above.
D. ijrandis appears to diSer from allied species, chiefly by its comparatively
broad, ensiform, thickish and ou the lower surface subglaucescent leaflets, which also
are on the upper surface quite devoid of spiuules or bristles, have the inid-costa
bristly spinulous only from the middle upwards on the under surface and have almost
smooth margins; the axial parts of the female spadix are shorter and more
distinctly swollen at the junctures than in allied species; the involucrophoram is
very short and the areola of the neuter flower orbicular, very conspicuous, and
tumescent; the spines of the outer spathe are also distinctly callous above thoir
base. Daemonorops grmidis (not of Mart.) Ridley, Mat. Fl. Malay. Penins. ii, 177
is D. interrnedm Mart.
PLATE 11.—Daemonorops grandis Mart From a specimen collected by,
Scortechini (Herb, Beccari.).
10. DAEMONOROPS KURZIANUS Becc. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi, 463 and in
Rec. Bot. Surv. Ind. ii, 219.
D. grandis (not of Mart.) Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng., xliii, 2
(1874), 208.
Calamus grandis (not of Griff.) Kurz For. Fl. Brit. Burma, ii, 523.
DESCRIPTION. —High scaudent and robust. Sheathed stem as thick as the arm;
the canes up to 3 cm. in diameter. Leaf-»heaths armed with 15-20 mm. long,
flat, black, seriate spines. Leaves large, about 2 m. long in the pinniferous part;
petiole short and very stout, armed at the base on the back with a few recurved
short thorns and several blackish flat spines, and on the upper surface furnished
along the margins with short erect thorns which are longer, sharper and rather more
irregularly crowded and spreading in its basal portion than elsewhere; the rachis
very stout in its first portion (the only part seen by me), 3-o cm. wide, 1*5 cm.
thick, flattish above and spinulous at the sides, rounded beneath, where armed
along the centre at first with solitary black-tipped claws, that become as usual
2__3_5.nate higher up and half-whorled on the cirrus. Leaflets numerous, equidistant,
green on both surfaces, alternate or nearly so, 30—60 cm. long and about 3 cm. broad,
elongate-ensifoiTU, broadest not very far from above the base and thence gradually
acuminate to the apex; on the upper surface the mid-coata bristly spinulous near
the apex and with a slender nerve on each side of it ftirnished with long black
bristles: margins closely and minutely spinulous. Male spadix . . . Female spadix. erect,
rigid ; outer spathe cymbiform as in D. melanoehaetes and allied species, covered with
a fugacious, brown, scurfy tomentum and armed with numerous clustered or almost
pectinate fiat spires of the size and shape of those of the sheaths {Kurz). Fruiting
Sfadix 35 cm. long (in one specimen), with the lower or basal internodes of
the main axis 2'5 cm. long, 12—14 mm. thick, tumescent in their lower
half, otherwise very similar in every part to that of D. melanochastes;
branches or partial inflorescences 15-16 cm. long, in the fruiting stage almost
D. malaccensis.l BECCABI. THE SPECIES o r DAEMONOSOPS. ei
glabrous; lower spikolets of each branch, the largest 8—9 cm. long with a
rigid zig-zag sinuous axis and with 6-7 distichous flowers on each side; the
internodes of the spikelets (the spaces between two flowers) 5-7 mm. long,
cylindraceous or obsoletely angular; spathels with a short annular membranous
limb prolnngod at one side into a triangular point; involucrophorum pedicelliform,
slightly longer than the spathel, slightly obconic and gradually expanded into an
oblique and at one side acute bracteifovm limb, rather distinctly callous in its axil;
involucre shallowly cupular, truncate, entire; areola of the neuter flower distinct,
bordered above with a swollen semi-circular ridge. Fruiting perianth almost entirely
explanate. Fruit globular, about 2 cm. in diameter, very shortly beaked; scales deeply
channelled along the centre, in 18 longitudinal series, straw-coloured or pale
brown with darker margins aud a very narrow, scarious, finely erosely toothed
edge and a bluntish apex. Seed suborbicular, being rather distinctly flattened,
15 mm. in diameter, 11 mm. thick, ruminate; embryo basal.
HABITAT.—Rutland Island in the South Andamans. Kurz says that it is rather
common there, and that, besides canes, it yields a small quantity of a good kind
of Dragon's blood, which exudes from between the scales.
OBSERVATIONS.—Related to D. melanoehaetes from which it differs in its much
larger size, in the swollen junctures of the basal part of the fruiting spadix, and
especially in the orbicular, somewhat flattened seed. Of D. Kurzianus I have seen
only very incomplete specimens in the Herbarium at Kew. My descripuon of the
leaf-sheaths and outer spathe, .pai-ts which I have not seen, is derived from that
of Kurz.
11. DAEMONOKOPS MALACCENSrS
Bat. iii, 88 ; Walp,
Surv. Ind. ii. 232.
Calamus acanthopis GriS. Palms Brit,
in Kerch. Palm. 235.
Mart. Hist. Nat. Palir
Ann. iii, 475 and v.
327; Miq. Fl. Ind.
; Becc. in Reo. Bot.
Ind. lOi, pi. CCXVI, B ; H. Wendl.
porleaf
Rotang Kertong GrifE. in Calc. Journ, Nat. Hist, v, 94.
DESCRIPTION.—Apparently large and probably scandent. Lmoes large ; the
tion of one seen by me, probably belonging to the intermediate part of
from lower part of the stem, has tho rachis very acutely trigonous, slightly
convex beneath, where armed only along tho centre line with small bin a t e or
ternate claws, with a very sharp salient not spiuoQs angle and two slightly concave
side faces above. Leaflets large, very numerous, approximate and very regularly set
at an angle of about 45°, papyraceous, rather rigid, ensiform, 50-52 cm. long,
2-5 cm. in width, broadest about 10 cm. above the base and thence very gradually
acuminate to a subulate tip, sHghtly narrowing to the base, where rather
suddenly plicate; on the upper ,surface the mid-costa acute and .oue slender
coetula ou each side of it fui'nished from about the middle upwards with short
rather remote, appressed bristles ; beneath the mid-costa alone is very minutely and
closely bristly from the base] to the apex. Male spadix very large, broadly
fusiform, in one specimen about 60 cm. long including the beak ; outer
spathe gradually tapering to a moderately long beak, two-keeled, densely armed
with numerous, long, very narrowly laminar or su})setiform, black, more or less