ANNALS OP THE EOYAL BOTANIC GAEDEN. CALCUTTA. [/?. caUoarpus.
outer apathe iu one specimen 47 cm. long, including the beak, the beak itself spinous
o n l y at its base and about 37 cm. long; the floweriag panicle densely thyrsoid-ovoid
w i t h 5-6 partial inflorescences; the latter rather broad, 7 coi. long, with rather
spreading- flowers and carrying about 10 brauchlets, each with 5-U spikelets on
e i t h e r side; spikelets densely rusty-fuvfuraceoas, small, the l a r g e s t - t h e lowest ot every
b r a n c h l e t — a b o ut 1 cm. long, with 3-4 flowei's on either side; secondary and t e r t i a ry
s p a t h e s elongate-triangular, acuminate; spathels bracteiform, triangular, acute, about
as lone, as tlie i n v o l u c r e ; the l a t t e r comparatively large, cupalar, b i d e n t i c u l a t e , f r e q u e n t ly
s u b c y m b i f o rm with an acute tooth on each side. Male flomrs oblong, obscurely
t r i - o n o a s , süghtly narrowing towards th« apes, but obtuse, o - 6 mm. long, 2 mm.
t h i c k the calyx tubular-cylindraceous, superficially 3 - d e n t a t e ; the corolla twice as
l o i i^ 'as the calyx. FctmU spadix short and dense, the partial mflorescenoes very
aoproxioiate, with v e r y short and d e p a u p e r a t e spikelets, that bear 2 - 3 flowers only, or
a r e reduced even to a single flower; the axial parts very short and approximate and
d e n s e l y r u s t y - f u r f u r a c e o u s ; spathels witli a c o a i p a r a t i v e l y large obliquely evolute l m b ;
i n y o l u c r o p h o r um obliquely obconical or s u b - i n f u n d i b u l i f o rm with a v e r y short P^'iicel ar
n a r t extended at one side iuto a very broad triaugular acuta pomt, which slightly
surpasses its spathel; involucre rather deeply cupalar, tráncate, .lightly ccnergmg
W the i n v o l u c r o p h U m ; areola of the neuter flower distinct, suborbxcular, w.th a
I T - c rcular swollen' border on its upper part. M « , not ^u.
h r o a d l y obconical; the calyx very s t r o n g l y striate, p l u r i - c o s t u l a t e ; t h e corolla tw ee as
W as he calyx. [when not q u i t s mature) globose-ovoid conically beakod and
o w n S with the rather elongate, s u b u k t e stigmas, 13 mm. .n diam.; scales m I 0 - I6
n X d i n a l sexies. very glossy, straw-yellowish, slightly and broadly channelled
l o n r t h e middle, with lighter margins and an indistinct and n a r r ow mtrao^arginal
l i n e ; tip very obtuse, dark-spotted. Seed not seen when quite mature.
HABITAT.-Thc Malayan Peninsula, at U r u t io the district of Perak
collector No. 2537 in Herb. Calcutt.).
OBSBRV.TioNS.-It i« allied to i). but it appears quite distinct f r o m that
b v the unopened spadix being more ventricose and suddenly narrowing into a beak
or at l e a s ' as long as the body, and by the very dark tobacco-coloured
scurf with which the plant is covered in almost every part.
PLATE 33.—Daemonorops tabacinus Bece. The type specimens No. 2537 in the
C a l c u t t a Herbarium.
30 DAEMONOROPS CALICAEPDS Mart. H i . t . Nat. Palm, iii, 326, pi. 175, _ f. vi,
a n d pi. Z xviii, f. vii; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. üi, 87; Walp. Ann. m 47a
a n d V 8 2 7 ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi, 466; Becc. in Rec. Bot. Surv.
I n d . ii, 2 2 2 ; Ridley, Mat. Fl. Mai. Penins. ii, 174 (.excl. syn.).
G^'ifi- - Calc. Journ. Nat H^^ ^^^^
Brit, Ind. 99, pi. CCXV, A. B. C. D. and pi. CCXVI, f. v . ; H. Wendl.
i n Kerch, Palm. 235.
DESCRIFIIO«-Erect or subacandent, rather slender. Sheathed .tcm 2-5-3 cna. in
^ i . m e t e r the internodes short. Zeaf-skeath rusty furfuraceous, th.>se of the lower
p a r t o f ' t h e plant not gibbous above and more or less open on the ventral aspect
D. calharpus.J I'ECCAEI. THE SPECIES OF DAEMONOEOPS.
a n d densely armed with very approximate, almost complete, oblique circles or series
of long (up to 3-4 cm.) narrowly laminar, subulate, ascendent spines, with smaller
series often incomplete of sub-bristly spiculae, erect or sometimes reflexed on the
d o r s um and interposed between the larger series; the spines near the mouth and
at the base of the petiole longer than elsewhere; on the upper part of the stem
t h e sheaths are truncate, not or very i n d i s t i n c t l y gibbous above and very short, the
leaves being v e r y approximate. Ocrea very short, truncate. Leaves very variable
according to their position; the lower ones 1-1'7 m. long, i n c l u d i n g the petiole, not or
v e r y siiortly c i r r i f e r o u s ; petiole 30-45 cm. long, channelled near the base, flat and
gmooth above i n its upper part, rounded on t h e lower aspect, a n d armed a l o n g t h e doreuni
w i t h long, laminar, straight, subulate, solitary or more f r e q u e n t l y geminate or 3-nate,
doflexed spines; similai- spines but pointing upwards are present on the rather acute
m a r g u i s ; in the upper loaves the (petiole g r a d u a l l y becomes shorter and flatter above
and with shorter spines; rachis smooth throughout, bifaced with a salient angle above
only near its apex, strongly convex on the lower surface and rather closely armed
with slender, teriiate, often rather straight claws that bccomc still closer ami o-nate
on the slender cirrus. Leaflets rather numerous, approximate, equidistant, elongate,
l i n e a r , rather suddenly narrowed to the base, long-acumiuate into a very slender
subulate setiform apex, almost concolorous on both surfaces, on the upper the
mid-costa acute, bristly towards tho apex and with a rather distinct secondary nerve
on each aide of it, bristly from about the middle upwards; underneath the
mid-costa very closely and finely bristly, and occasionally accompanied by a
secondary nerve on each side also bearing a few bristles; margins closely ciliate.
s p i n u l o u s ; the largest leaflets, those of the lower leaves, 30-40 cm. long and 12-15
mm. b r o a d ; the leaves of the upper and spadicigerous part of the stem shortly petioled
or subsessile, much smaller than the lower ones, O'5-l m. long, including the cirrus,
b e a r i n g few linear very narrow ( 4 - 6 mm. broad) leaflets that are sparingly bristly or
even glabrous above, but on the lower surface the mid-costa minutely and closely bristly
as usual. Spadicea before flowering fusiform, rather shortly beaked, a p p a r e n t l y axillary,
all approximate towards the suoimit of the atom, very vai'iable in size, in the largest
specimens as much |as 40-50 cm. including the bc-ak, but usually 25-30 em. o n l y,
erect, supported by a short, flat, bristly-spinulous peduncular pai-t; outer spathe f u s i f o r m -
elliptical, the beak a t h i r d or fourth as long las the body, very densely covcred
w i t h innumerable, often confluent and i n t e r r u p t e d l y seriate, 3-4 cm. long, flexible
coarse or criniform, flattened bristles,; which are often undulate or almost crisp, usually
discoloured, pale straw-yellowish, grayish or of a light chestnut-brown colour, more
r a r e l y darker, erect or pointing in difl'erent directions and even deflexed, especially
near the beak, which is in a groat part covered with t h e m ; the second spathe is also
covered with the same kind of bristles, but in a lesser degree; the t h i r d is c r i a i t e only
t o w a r d s the apes. Male spadix with a very densely cupressiform panicle, bearing
5 - 6 partial inflorescences, rusty f u r f u r a c e o u s in every p a r t ; secondary spathes am p l e c t e n t,
b r a c t e i f o r m , triangular, acute or acuminate; partial inflorescences divided into 5 -7
a l t e r n a t e branchelets; each of these with many small spikelets which bear 4 - 5 flosvirs
on each side; axis of tho spikelets strongly zig-zag s i a u o u s ; spathels bracteiform,
t r i a n g u l a r , acute at one side; involucre a third as long as the calyx, exactly
cupular, truncate, s t d a t e l y voined externally, the margin not ciliate, with two small
acute teeth on the side next to the axis and with a distinct axillary callui. Male