quires that every man ffiould be buried according to his
rank, which is in no cafe difpenfed with, fo that if the deceased
has not left fufficient. to pay his debts, an officer takes
an inventory of what was in his poffeffion when he died, and
out of the produce buries, him in the manner prefcribed,
leaving only the overplus to his creditors. Thus in many
inftances are the living facrificed to the dead, and money that
ffiould difcharge a debt, or feed an orphan, laviffied in idle
proceffions, or materials that are depofited in the earth to rot.
Another numerous clafs among the inhabitants of this
country is the Haves;. for by Haves the Dutch, Portuguefe,
and Indians, however different in their rank or fituation,
are conftantly attended : they are purchafed from Sumatra,
Malacca, and almoft all the eaHern iflands. The natives of
Java, very few of whom, as I have before obferved, live in
the neighbourhood of Batavia, have an exemption from Ha-
very under the fanCtion of very fevere penal laws, which I
believe are feldom violated. The price o f thefe Haves is from
ten to twenty pounds fierling; but girls, if they have beauty,
fometimes fetch a hundred. They are a very lazy fet of
people ; but as they will do but little work, they are content
•with a little victuals, fubfifling altogether upon boiled rice,
and a fmall quantity of the cheapefl fiffi. As they are natives
of different countries, they differ from each other extremely,
both in perfon and difpofition. The African negroes,
called here Papua, are the worfl, and confequently may be
purchafed for the leafl money: they are all thieves, and all
incorrigible. Next to thefe are the Bougis and Macaffars,
both from the ifland of Celebes ; thefe are lazy in the high-
eft degree., and though not fo much addicted to theft as the
negroes, have a cruel and vindictive fpirit, which renders
them extremely dangerous; efpetially- as, to gratify their
refentment,
refentment, they will make no fcruple of facrificing life.
The befl Haves, and confequently the deareft, are procured
from the ifland of Bali: the moft beautiful women from
Nias, a fmall ifland on the coafl of Sumatra; but they are
of a tender and delicate conflitution, and foon fall a facrifice
to the unwholefome air of Batavia. Befides thefe, there are
Malays, and Haves of feveral other denominations, whofe-
particular charaCteriftics I do not remember.
Thefe Haves are wholly in the power of their maflers with:
refpeCt to any punifliment that does not take away life; but
if a Have dies in confequence of punifliment, though his.
death ffiould not appear to have been intended, the mailer
is called to a fevere account,.and he is generally condemned-,
to fuffer capitally. For this reafon the mafler feldom inflicts
punifliment upon the Have himfelf,. but applies to an-officer
called a Marineu,.one of whom is Rationed in every diftriCt..
The duty of theMarineu is to quell riots, and take offenders
into cuftody ; but more particularly to apprehend runaway-
flaves, and punilh them for fuch crimes as the mafler, fup-.
ported by proper evidence, lays to their charge: the punilh-.
ment however is not inflicted by the Marineu in perfon, but
by flaves who are bred up to the bufinefs. Mon are puniffied
publicly, before the door of their mailer’s houfe; but women
within it. The punifliment is by ftripes, the number being:
proportioned to the offence; and they are given with rods
made of rattans, which are fplit into Header twigs for the-
purpofe, and fetch blood at every ftroke. A common pu-
niffiment colls the mafler a rix-dollar, and a fevere one a du-
catoon, about fix ffiillings andeight pence. The mafler is
alfo obliged to allow the Have three dubbelcheys, equal to
about feven pence half-penny a week, as an encouragement,.
and to prevent his being under temptations to Heal, too ftrong
to be refitted.
Concerning
3S9
1770.
December.