88 SYCIDIUM.
of both garaojjlij'-llouSj divided above into five or sis segincnts, pedicellate.; luale "with one
stamen, tlie anther large, broadly ovate. Fertile female flowers in smaller receptacles and
on drEerent plants from the former, sessile; the per iant h campamilate, with five narrow, unequal
t e e th ; the achene ovoid, slightly papillose; the style sub-terminal, elongate; stigma cylindi-ic.
On the lower slopes of the Himalayas, from the Sutlej valley eastward to Bhotan; in the
K h a s i a n d Biu-mese Hills, at elevations of from 1,000 to 4,500 f t . ; also in Malacca,—Gn^iA.
Two forms of receptacle occur in tliis species: the large obovate, clavate, smooth, or
wrinkled ; and tjje ovoid or sub-globulai-, scabrid, often wrinlded receptacle. The former
is the receptacle of t}q5ical J", clavata, Wall.; the latter is that of F. caudata, "Wall.,
F. traehijCiirpn, Miq., and probably of F. cMncha, Rosb.
There is no absolute sexual relation between the external form and the contents of
t h e two lands of receptacle which occur in this species, but, so far as I have observed,
t h e large obovoid clavate receptacles invariably contain male and gall flowers; and the
males ai-e not confined to a zone near the month, but are to be found at all pai-ts of the
interior of the receptacle. Of the small ovoid or sub-globulai- receptacles, on the other
hand, some are exclusively filled with fertile female flowers, while others (like the large
clavate receptacles) contain males and gall flowers mixed together.
PLATE 111.—I^. clavata, Wall. A typical fomi, with large clavate receptacles—O/
nafdiral stse. 1, male flower with one stamen; 2, gall flower; enlarged.
B.—The form with globular receptacles. 8, apex of receptacle; 4, base of the same;
5, sti-galea—of natural size; 6, perianth of fertile female flower; 7, fertile achene : enlarged.
FICUS CUSPIDATA, Reimv. in Bl. Bijd. 464 ; Miq. in Lond. Journ. Boi. vii.
429; FI. Ind. Bat. ì. pt. 2. 308. t. 19; Ar.n. 3Iiis. Lmjd Bat. ni.
274, 292.~F. ienuiramis, Kunth et Bouché Ind. Sem. liort. Berol.
21; Miq. Lond. Journ. Bot. vii. 435.—J". ancjnsiifolia, Bl. Bijd. 463.—
?F. fallax, Miq. FI. Ind. Bat. i. pt. 2. 308; Miq. in Ann. Mus. Lugd.
Bat. ili. 292.
A small tree or shi-ub, never scandent or creeping; the branches very thin,
short-petiolate, membranous, sub-coriaceous, lanceolate-elliptic (or uan-owly oblong in var.
sinuata), sometimes inequilateral, more or less gradually tapering at the apex to a very
long, straight, linear acumen; edges entu-e (sinuate in var. sinuata), often rcvolute; base
3-nerved, acute, or acuminate; lateral primary nerves C to 8 pairs, almost exactly at right
angles to the midrib, prominent; reticulations minute, distinct; both surfaces glabrous, the
upper shimng, the lower pale dull, minutely punctate, slightly sub-scabrid; length 3 to
5-5 in.; petioles -15 in. to '25 in., sometimes slightly scurfy; stipules much convolute,
subulate, -25 to -35 in. long. Receptacles in fascicles in the axils of the leaves, sessile or
short-pedunculate, ovoid, umbonate or sub-globose, slightly scabrous, reddish when ripe,
and about -15 to -2 in, long, without basal bracts; peduncles from -05 to -15 in. Jong,
slender, nearly glabrous, with a lai-ge, nearly glabrous, bract about the middle and several
a t the base. Male flowers numerous, the perianth of 3 or 4 lanceolate hyaline pieces;
stamen 1 (sometimes 2), short, broad, nearly sessile. Gall flowers with perianth of 3
linear-lanceolate pieces ; the ovary stipitate, ovoid, smooth, with short lateral style. Fertile
female flowers with perianth of 2 or 3 hyuline pieces; achene ellipsoid, emarginate on
one side, with a hyaline edge at the opposite side; style lateral; stigma dilated.
J a v a and Sumatra, from 2,500 to 5,000 ft.
Closely allied to F. roslrata, Lamk., but with the primary lateral nerves more horizontal,
t h e tigs smaller and more ovoid, and the branchlets thinner. Tliis species apparently is
never climbing or ci-eeping. Zollinger (quoted by Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 274)
describes this as a large tree. Forbes and other collectors say it is a small tree or bush.
VAR. SINUA'I'A. Leaves larger than typical form, narrowly oblong, the margins
sinuate or lobed.
Perak,—King-'s Collector, 7256.
This variety appeai-s in several collections under the name F. variabilis, Miq., and I
have seen specimens so named by Miquel's own hand. But this does not in the least agree
with his own descrijjtion of his species variabilis (Fl. lud. Bat. i. pt. 2. 310). In Ann.
Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 292 {sub No. 235) Miquel reduces F. renitens to variabilis. But lu.s
description of F. renitens (Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pt. 2. 316) shows renitens to be notliing like this,
but to be variabilis, Wall. This plant has therefore been erroneously named vanaUlk,
Mi(p b y Miquel himself.
PLATE 112.—A, branch of F. cuspidata, Reinw., with matm-e receptacles; B, twig of a
f o rm with broader, more suddenly caudate-acuminate leaves; C, leaf of var. sinuata. I,
receptacle; 2, apex of the same; 3, stipule—all of natural size; 4, male flower; 5, gall
flower ; 6, fertile femal e flower; 7, perfect achene from fertile female flower : all enlarged.
103. FICUS SIKKIMENSIS, Miq. Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 225, 292.—.?^ caudata. Herb.
Ind. Or. Hook. fil. and T. Thorns, (non Wall.).—F. salieifolia, Miq. (non
aHor.) Lond. Joui-n Bot. vii. 431 ; Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii, 292.
A small tree with pendulous branches, sometimes epiphytal ; the young branches, petioles,
and receptacles puberulous, ultimately all parts glabrous. Leaves membranous, shortly
petiolate. sometimes slightly inequilateral, oblong-elliptic, lanceolate or oblanceolate, suddenly
narrowed at the apes into a short, rather blunt acumen ; edges quite eiitii-e, gi-adually narrowed
to the acute or acuminate sub-3-nerved base; lateral primary nerves 5 to 8 paii's and
like the micMb, pale anj prominent beneath ; lower surface paler than the npper, miimtely
pnnotnlate; length of blade 2'5 to D io. ; petioles rather thick, sncculent (som-fy when
dry), from -2 to S in. long; stipides linear-subnlate, from a broad base, conTolute. em-ved,
diverging from the axils, about as long as, or oecítóionally twice as long as, the petioles.
Eeceptaeles shortly pednncnlate, solitai-y, or in pairs or fascicles of 3 to 4 from short
a i i l l a r y tnbeicles, globose or ovoid-globose, slightly mammillate, smooth, but with a few
elongated whitish warts, and near the apex an occasional whitish scale ; basal bracts none ;
when lipe reddish in colonr and nbont -35 in. across; peduncles about -1 in. long, with
a few minute bracts near the midcUo or at tho base. Halo flowers with a hyaline pmianth
of 3 pieces and a single stamen ; the atither ovoid, tho filament having a process at
its base. Gall flowers with an ovoid shining achene and short, tubular, lateral style
F e r t i l e female flowers in different receptacles from the males, and in different plants ; thé
perianth hyaline, gamephyllous, with 3 long teeth; achene with hyahno border all round
I t ; style short; stigma cylindi-io, not tubular.
Forests in the valleys of the Eastern Himalaya and Khasi Hills, at from 2,000 to
4,000 ft. above the sea.